Kawm Txog Neuroendocrine-Immune Function Ntawm Cistanche Deserticola Thiab Nws Cov Nplej Wine Steaming Khoom hauv Glucocorticoid-Induced Rat Model-Ⅰ

1. Taw qhia

Cistanche deserticola, uas yog hu ua "desert ginseng," yog ib hom tshuaj suav tshuaj uas tau siv ntau pua xyoo los ua tshuaj ntsuab yang-tonic rauinvigorating lub raum thiab ntxiv dag zog rau yang[1]. Yim hom thiab ib variation ntawmCistanche Herba tau raug kaw hauv Suav teb thiab nkaus xwbCistanche deserticolaYC Ma thiabCistanche tubulosa(Schenk) Wight tau sau tseg hauv Suav Pharmocopoeia [2]. Pharmacological kev tshawb fawb pom tau tiasCistanches HerbaCov tshuaj tiv thaiv neuroprotective [3], immunomodulatory [4], cardioprotective [5], antifatigue [6], anti-inflammatory [7], hepatoprotective [8], antioxidative [9], antibacterial [10], laxative [11], thiab antitumor cov teebmeem [12]. Qhov davspectrum ntawm kev tshaj tawm txog kev ua ub no ntawm cov genus tau raug ntaus nqi rau nws cov complex thiab ntau yam phytochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg.Cistanche deserticolamuaj phenylethanol glycosides, iridoids, polysaccharides [13], thiab lwm yam. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm phenylethanoid glycosides yog qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj thawj zaug [14].

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Kev ua ntawm Suav Materia Medica (CMM) yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj ib txwm siv los ua kom tiav cov kev xav tau sib txawv rau kev kho mob, kev xa tawm, thiab kev npaj ua raws li cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj. Cov khoom lag luam ua tiav yog lub npe hu ua decoction pieces, uas yog siv hauv tsev kho mob. Kev ua tiav lub hom phiaj txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo kom txo tau cov tshuaj lom ntawm cov tshuaj phem. 2015 Suav Pharmacopoeia tau sau tseg tias Cistanche tuab slices (CD) thiab nplej wine-steamed Cistanche (WCD) tuaj yeem siv los ua decoction pieces hauv tsev kho mob. Peb pab pawg tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov nyhuv laxative tau txo qis, thiab cov nyhuv antiaging thiab lub raum-yang invigorating tau txhim kho tom qab Cistanche tau steamed nrog mov wine [15].

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland-thymus gland (HPAT) axis yog tsis meej pem hauv lub raum-yang deficiency syndrome [16]. Cov neeg mob lub raum-yang tsis muaj peev xwm kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo. HPA axis dysfunction yog ze ze rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Neuroendocrine-immune network (NEI) txoj kev xav qhia tau hais tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab neuroendocrine muaj ntau lub ligands thiab receptors [17], thiab hypothalamus yog suav tias yog qhov pivot los txuas cov neuroendocrine nrog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb rov ua dua lub raum-yang tsis muaj peev xwm hauv cov qauv nas nrog exogenous corticosteroid txhaj tshuaj thiab tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm lub raum-yang deficiency hauv cov lus teb rau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm Cistanche deserticola los ntawm kev xav ntawm endocrine-immune function.

2. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem

2.1. Khoom siv thiab Reagents

Cistanche deserticola tau sau los ntawm Alashan Neimenggu hauv 2019.5 thiab pom tias yog cov tawv nqaij qhuav ntawm Cistanche deserticola YC Ma los ntawm Prof. Yanjun Zhai (Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suav). Cov ntawv pov thawj tau khaws cia hauv Liaoning Processing Engineering Technology Center.

Standard compounds ntawm ajugol tau yuav los ntawm Chengdu Pure Chem-Standard Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, Tuam Tshoj); cistanoside F,echinacoside, cistanoside A, thiab isoacteosidetau yuav los ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Yuav Tsum (Sichuan Tuam Tshoj); Acteoside tau yuav los ntawm Dalian Meilun Bio. Co., Ltd. (Dalian, Suav teb). MS-qib acetonitrile thiab methanol tau yuav los ntawm Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Lub teb chaws Yelemees). HPLC-qib formic acid tau yuav los ntawm Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Lub teb chaws Yelemees). Rice wine tau yuav los ntawm Zhejiang Hom Ntauwd Shaoxing Wine Co., Ltd. (Zhejiang, Suav).

Corticosterone (CAS: 50-22-6, purity > 98%, TCI Shanghai Development Ltd. Co.), chinkuei shin chewan pills (Beijing Tongrentang Technology Development Co., Ltd.), rat ACTH, CRH, T, IL{{ 2}}, IFN-c, TNF- , IL-2, thiab IL-10 ELISA cov khoom siv tshawb nrhiav tau yuav los ntawm Nanjing Jiancheng Co., Ltd. Cov khoom siv nas cortisol ELISA yog muab los ntawm BOSK Co., nas CD4 antibody, CD8a antibody (nos. 561833 thiab 559976), RBC lysate (Solarbio, R1010), PBS buffer solution (Solarbio, P1020-500), TRIzol (MAN0001271), CaM, thiab -actin primers upstream thiab downstream tau muab los ntawm Guangzhou Invitrogen Co. Reverse Transcription Kit (no. RR037A) thiab cDNA Synthesis Kit (no. 10000068167) yog muab los ntawm Bole Life Medicine Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Chloroform, isopropanol, 75% ethanol, thiab urethane Cov tshuaj yog tag nrho cov tshuaj analytically ntshiab thiab tsim los ntawm Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Ultrapure dej yog tsim los ntawm Milli-Q system (18.2 MΩ, Millipore, MA, USA).

2.2. Cov cuab yeej sim

Ib qho enzyme marker (Thermo, qauv 3530911931), tsis siv neeg phaj ntxhua khaub ncaws (qauv HBS- 4009), digital zaub laub-rub force meter (model VICTOR- 50N), high-speed freezing centrifuge (qauv Sigma 3k15 ), ultramicro spectrophotometer ( qauv B-50Q), gene amplifier (model L96G), real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (model StepOne), flow cytometer (model AC66051710132), paraffin microtome (model Laika), microscope (Olymp) , qauv BS-53), thiab cov twj siv dej ntshiab (model F7JA36507) tau siv.

2.3. Kev Npaj Cov Qauv rau UPLC-Q-TOF-MS thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshuaj

WCD tau ua tiav los ntawm tib pawg ntawmCistanche deserticolahauv peb lub chaw kuaj mob. Rau kev npaj ntawm WCD, qhuav CD daim (5 hli tuab) (100 g) tau infused nrog mov wine (30 mL), steamed ntawm siab siab (1.25 kPa) rau 4 h, thiab ces qhuav ntawm 55 degree.

Cov hmoov coarse ntawm CD thiab WCD tau tsau rau hauv 10 zaug 95% ethanol rau 0.5 h, reflux-extracted 3 zaug ib zaug rau 1 h, thiab lim, thiab lim 3 zaug ua ke. Cov ethanol tau zoo rov qab los ntawm kev txo qis, thiab cov extract tau txais rau kev tswj hwm. Cov extract (1 mL) tau ntxiv rau 50% methanol, nqa tag nrho ntim rau 20 mL, thiab khaws cia ntawm 4 degree rau kev tsom xam cov ntsiab lus.

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2.4. UPLC-QqQ-MS Cov Txheej Txheem rau Kev Ntsuam Xyuas CD thiab WCD Extracts

2.4.1. LCThMS Analytical Conditions

UPLC-MSThMS system nrog MassLynx 4.1 Analyst software tau siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv tau txais thiab ua tiav. Cov kab ke tsom xam yog Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (1{{10}}}0 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) ntawm qhov kub ntawm 40 degree C. The mobile theem yog 0.1% formic acid aqueous tov (A) thiab acetonitrile muaj 0.1% formic acid (B). elution gradient yog 0. }} min nrog 12% B, 3.01–4.00 min nrog 15% B, 4.01–5.00 min nrog 20% ​​B, 5.01–6.00 min nrog 22 % B, 6.01–8.

Lub Waters triple quadruple mass spectrometer (Xevo TQD, Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) nruab nrog lub tshuab electrospray ionization (ESI) qhov chaw tau siv rau hauv hom tsis zoo ion. Cov roj desolvation yog nitrogen nrog tus nqi ntws ntawm 500 LThh ntawm qhov kub ntawm 250 degree. Tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau raug ntsuas hauv ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (MRM); Table 1 qhia txog lub zog tsis muaj zog, thiab Table 2 qhia cov calibration nkhaus rau cov khoom txheeb xyuas.

2.4.2. Kev npaj cov khoom siv

Tubuloside A (3.02 mg), echinacoside (3.00 mg), 2′-acetylacteoside (2.34 mg), acteoside (2.45 mg), isoacteoside (0.61 mg), cistanoside F ( 2.14 mg), salidroside (3.39 mg), geniposidic acid (2.84 mg), ajugol (1.58 mg), thiab catalpol (2.39 mg) tau yaj hauv methanol los npaj cov tshuaj hauv Tshuag. Cov tshuaj hauv Tshuag tau diluted nrog methanol kom tau txais cov concentrations tsim nyog rau cov qauv kev daws teeb meem. Tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem tau muab khaws cia ntawm 4 degree ua ntej siv.

2.5. Kev npaj thiab pab pawg ntawm cov qauv tsiaj

SD txiv neej nas (180–220 g) tau yuav los ntawm Liaoning Changsheng Biotechnological Co., Tsiaj daim ntawv tso cai naj npawb: SCXK (Liao) 2015–0001. Txhua tus nas tau khaws cia nrog kev nkag mus rau khoom noj thiab dej dawb ntawm 25 degree thiab cov av noo ntawm 30-50%. Cov tsiaj tau nyob hauv 7 hnub ua ntej qhov kev sim.

Ib puas nas tau muab faib ua 10 pawg: pawg tswj dawb paug (BC), pawg tswj hwm tus qauv (MC), pawg tswj zoo (PC), pawg nplej cawv tswj (WC), pawg CD siab (CD -HD), pawg CD nruab nrab koob (CD-MD), pawg CD qis (CD-LD), pawg WCD high-dose (WCD-HD), WCD nruab nrab koob tshuaj (WCD-MD), thiab WCD low-dose (WCD-LD) pawg. Cov koob tshuaj CD-HDThWCD-HD, CD-MDTh WCD-MD, thiab CD-LDThWCD-LD yog 5.48 gTh (kg ∙ d), 2.74 gTh (kg ∙ d), thiab 1.37 gTh (kg ∙ d), feem. Cov koob tshuaj rau pawg PC yog 1.646 gTh (kg ∙ d), thiab rau pawg WC, 1 mLTh100 g rau 40 hnub. Hnub 6 tom qab kev tswj hwm, cov nas tsuag tau txhaj tshuaj subcutaneously nrog corticosterone dej ncua (corticosterone + 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide + 0.1% Tween-80 + 0.9% sodium chloride) tshwj tsis yog rau pawg BC [18]. Qhov concentration ntawm corticosterone yog 5 gThL, thiab koob tshuaj yog 0.1 mLTh100 g. Cov nas tsuag hauv pawg BC tau muab cov ntsev ib txwm + 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide + 0.1% Tween- 80 + 0.9% sodium chloride los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm tib koob.

2.6. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm HPA Axis Functions

2.6.1. Qhov hnyav, Kub, thiab tuav lub zog ntsuas

Kev ntsuas qhov hnyav tau ua txhua 3 hnub, thiab ntsuas kub txhua 6 hnub. thaum lub sij hawm sim. Nyob rau hnub 39, lub hind limb lub zog siab tshaj plaws tau ntsuas los ntawm lub ntsuas ntsuas. Cov nas tsuag tau muab tso rau ntawm lub platform du, ua rau lawv lub nraub qaum ris tuav tus ncej. Cov nas yuav instinctively lob ib yam khoom los tiv thaiv kev txav rov qab thaum tus Tsov tus tw rub mus txog thaum lub zog rub tshaj qhov tuav. Thaum tus nas plam nws tuav, lub preamplifier tuaj yeem kaw qhov siab tshaj plaws tuav quab yuam.

2.6.2. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm T, CRH, ACTH, CORT, thiab Cortisol hauv Serum

Ib teev tom qab kev tswj hwm zaum kawg, cov nas tau muab tshuaj loog los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneal ntawm cov tshuaj urethane (20 gTh100 mL). Tom qab ntawd, cov ntshav kuaj tau raug sau, centrifuged ntawm 3500 r rau 15 min kom tau cov ntshav, thiab khaws cia ntawm −20 degree. Cov concentrations ntawm T, CRH, ACTH, CORT, thiab cortisol tau ntsuas nrog cov nas ELISA cov khoom siv raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia.

2.6.3. Microscope Observations

Cov qauv morphological ntawm cov qog adrenal tau pom los ntawm HE staining. Adrenal cov ntaub so ntswg tau kho nyob rau hauv 10% paraformaldehyde, lub cev qhuav dej hauv ethanol, ua pob tshab los ntawm cov tshuaj xylene, embedded los ntawm cov qauv kev, txiav mus rau 4 μm tuab slices, dewaxed nrog xylene tov, hydrated nrog ethanol gradient, thiab ces stained nrog hematoxylin thiab eosin. tshuaj staining. Tom qab ua pob tshab nrog xylene, lub phaj raug kaw nrog cov pos hniav nruab nrab thiab pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas.

2.6.4 ib. Immunohistochemical Staining of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Fas, thiab FasL Protein Expression hauv Adrenal Gland

Formalin-taw, paraffin-embedded nas adrenal seem tau deparaffinized thiab rehydrated tom qab txiav ntawm ib tug tuab ntawm 4 μm. Rau kev thaiv cov kev ua ntawm endogenous peroxidase, cov seem tau preincubated hauv hydrogen peroxide block rau 10 min. Cov seem tau dipped rau hauv 0.01 M citrate (pH 6.0) thiab rhaub rau boiling. Cov txheej txheem tau rov ua dua tom qab 5-10 min. Tom qab txias, cov seem tau ntxuav nrog PBS (pH 7.2–7.6) 1-2 zaug, sab laug hauv chav sov li 5 feeb, thiab ntxuav nrog PBS (pH 7.2–7.6) 2–3 zaug. 5% BSA thaiv kev daws tau ntxiv rau hauv chav tsev kub, thiab cov kua ntau dhau ntawm cov seem tau shaken tawm 20 feeb tom qab. Diluted thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau FasTh FasL, Bcl-2ThBax, thiab caspase-3 (1:100 diluted nrog PBS) tau ntxiv thiab incubated ntawm 37 degree rau 1 h lossis 4 degree thaum hmo ntuj. Cov seem tau ntxuav 2-3 zaug nrog PBS (pH 7.2-7.6). Tom qab ntawd, biotinylated tshis tiv thaiv nas IgG tau ntxiv, thiab cov ntu tau qhuav ntawm 20-37 degree rau 20 min thiab ntxuav nrog PBS (pH 7.2-7.6) 4 zaug rau 5 feeb. Tom qab kev ntxuav huv huv hauv PBS, cov ntu tau muab tso rau hauv qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj reagents A thiab B rau 30 min, incubated nrog PBS rau 45 min, thiab thaum kawg tsim nrog DAB substrate (DAKO) rau 30 min ua ntej yuav me ntsis counterstained nrog hematoxylin, lub cev qhuav dej, thiab mounted.

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2.7. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob

2.7.1 ib. Kev suav ntawm Immune Organ Index

Ib teev tom qab kev tswj hwm zaum kawg, cov nas tsuag tau tshuaj loog los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneal ntawm cov tshuaj urethane (20 gTh100 mL), thiab tom qab ntawd tus po thiab thymus caj pas raug tshem tawm thiab hnyav tam sim ntawd hauv lub hood uas tsis muaj menyuam. Qhov hnyav coefficients ntawm tus po los yog lub thymus (%) � spleen los yog thymus hnyav (mg) Lub cev hnyav (g).

2.7.2 ib. Kev kuaj pom ntawm T Lymphocyte Subsets hauv cov ntshav Peripheral

Splenocytes thiab hemocytes tau incubated nrog monoclonal antibodies anti-CD4 (PE) thiab anti-CD8 (FITC) rau 30 min nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. 2 mL ntawm erythrocyte lysate tau ntxiv, thiab cov tshuaj tau tov los ntawm vortexing. Cov tshuaj tau tso rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj rau 10 feeb thiab centrifuged rau 5 min. Cov supernatant raug muab pov tseg, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tau ntxuav 3 zaug nrog dej khov-txias PBS thiab rov ua dua hauv PBS permeabilizing tov. Tsawg kawg yog 10,{11}} cov hlwb raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov cytometry ntws hauv 1 h ntawm txhua qhov Mab staining.

2.7.3 ib. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm Qib IL-10, IL-6, IL-2, TNF-, thiab IFN-c hauv Serum

Ib teev tom qab kev tswj hwm zaum kawg, cov nas tau muab tshuaj loog los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneal ntawm cov tshuaj urethane (20 gTh100 mL), thiab ntshav tau los ntawm lub plab aorta. Cov ntshav tau centrifuged ntawm 3500 r rau 15 feeb kom tau cov ntshav thiab khaws cia ntawm -20 degree. Cov concentrations ntawm IL-10, IL-6, IL-2, TNF- , thiab IFN-c tau kuaj pom nrog nas ELISA cov khoom siv raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia.

2.8. Kev nthuav qhia ntawm CaM hauv Hypothalamus thiab Hypophysis Tissues

Tag nrho RNA tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hypothalamus thiab hypophysis los ntawm TRIzol. Kev hloov pauv rov qab tau ua tiav ntawm 10 μL ntawm tag nrho RNA raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Qhov sib npaug ntawm cDNA tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm qPCR nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm dsDNA-binding dye (Promega, USA) thiab CFX 96 Real-time PCR System (Bio-Rad, USA) los saib cov noob sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm 95 degree rau 10 min, 40 cycles ntawm denaturation ntawm 95 degree rau 15 s, thiab annealing extension ntawm 60 degree rau 1 min.

Primers rau CaM thiab -actin tau muab rau hauv Table 1, thiab -actin tau siv los ua kev tswj hwm sab hauv. Txhua tus qauv tau normalized los ntawm kev siv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb (Ct) ntawm lub hom phiaj gene thiab -actin. Cov kab zauv hauv qab no tau siv los piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim: ΔΔCt � (Ct lub hom phiaj gene − Ct -actin gene) kev sim pawg − (Ct phiaj xwm gene − Ct -actin gene) tswj pawg. Cov qib mRNA ntawm txhua tus qauv tau muab piv, siv cov lus qhia 2- ΔΔCt lub hom phiaj gene. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua pab pawg tau nruab nrab (Table 3).

2.9. Kev txheeb cais

Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv raug tshuaj xyuas siv SPSS software (version 19.0, SPSS Institute Inc., Chicago, IL). Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pab pawg tau txheeb xyuas nrog ib txoj kev rov ua dua-kev ntsuas ntawm qhov sib txawv (ANOVA). Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias txhais tau tias ± tus qauv sib txawv (SD) siv GraphPad Prism software (version 6.0, San Diego, CA, USA). Qhov sib txawv nrog tus nqi P tsawg dua 0.05 tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb.

3. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim

3.1. UPLC-QqQ-MSAnalysis

Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov kev sib cais zoo tshaj plaws, qhov siab tshaj plaws, thiab lub sijhawm ntsuas luv luv, cov xwm txheej chromatographic suav nrog kem, theem mobile, thiab gradient program tau kawm hauv peb qhov kev sim ua ntej. Cov chromatograms ib txwm nrog MRM hom tau nthuav tawm hauv daim duab 1.

Los ntawm Table 4, peb tuaj yeem pom tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm phenylethanoid glycosides hauv WCD tau nce piv rau cov CD, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau echinacoside thiab acteoside, thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm iridoids tau txo qis hauv WCD.

3.2. Kev cai rau HPA Axis Function

3.2.1. Qhov hnyav, Kub, thiab tuav lub zog ntsuas

Cov nas ntawm pawg MC thiab cov pab pawg sim tau pom cov tsos mob ntawm lub raum-yang deficiency maj mam tom qab tau txais corticosterone. Cov tsos mob, xws li poob phaus, hypothermia, poob ntawm cov plaub hau luster, poob plig, lag nyob rau hauv cov lus teb, thiab ib tug tseem ceeb txo nyob rau hauv dej noj thiab kev ua si, zoo heev nyob rau hauv CD thiab WCD pawg. Daim duab 2(a) qhia qhov hnyav hloov. Qhov hnyav ntawm txhua pawg tshuaj tau nce, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv pawg CDHD thiab WCD-HD. Qhov hnyav nce hauv pawg MC yog qhov qis tshaj plaws. Daim duab 2(b) qhia txog qhov kub thiab txias hloov, uas yog qhov qis tshaj hauv pawg MC, thiab qhov kub thiab txias tau nce hauv WCD-HD, WCD-MD, thiab WCD-LD pawg.

Daim duab 2(c) qhia tau hais tias lub zog tuav tau nce ntxiv rau pawg BC thiab txhua pawg kev sim, thiab WCD-MD pawg yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, uas pom tau tias cov cim qhia ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog vim yog lub raum-yang tsis muaj zog tau txhim kho tom qab kev tswj hwm.

3.2.2. Qib T, CRH, ACTH, CORT, thiab Cortisol

Daim duab 3 qhia tau hais tias piv rau cov pab pawg BC, qib T, CRH, ACTH, thiab CORT nyob rau hauv cov rat serum poob qis (P < 0 0}1) thiab cortisol theem (P < 0 05) hauv MC pawg. Piv nrog rau cov pab pawg MC, qib T hauv WCD-HD thiab WCD-MD pawg tau nce (P < 0.01), qib CRH hauv WCD-LD, WCD-MD, thiab WC pab pawg tau txhim kho (P < 0.01), cov ntsiab lus ntawm ACTH nce hauv CD-HD, WCD-MD, thiab WCD-HD pawg (P < 0.01), CORT qib tau hloov kho hauv cov CD-MD, WCD-MD, thiab WCD-HD pawg (P <0.01) thiab txhim kho hauv CDHD thiab WCD-LD pawg (P <0.05), thiab qib cortisol nce hauv txhua pawg tshuaj.

3.2.3. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Microscope Observation

Adrenal gland cov ntaub so ntswg tuaj yeem muab faib ua cortical txheej thiab medulla txheej. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg muaj xws li globular, bundle, thiab reticular txheej. Cov hlwb muaj ntau cov lipids, thiab medulla txheej muaj feem ntau ntawm pheochromocytoma hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg me me. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 4, peb pom tias txhua yam yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv pawg BC, thaum nyob rau hauv pawg MC, lub adrenal cortex muaj pom tseeb hyperplasia, cellular atrophy, thiab nce ceev. Lub bulbous strip thickened, thiab translucent fascicular cheeb tsam, nqaim zona reticularis, thiab cov hlwb me pom cov xim tsis sib xws thiab capillary congestion. Hauv pab pawg PC, thaj tsam cortical thiab medullar tau pom. Cov hlwb ntawm cov globular thiab cov pob khoom tau raug teeb tsa sib npaug, thiab cov qauv morphological tau rov qab los. Kev kho kom zoo dua qub tau pom nyob rau hauv pawg WCD, thiab cov teebmeem hauv WCD-MD pawg tau zoo dua li cov pab pawg WCD-HD thiab WCD-LD. Lub morphology ntawm cov qog adrenal hauv pawg CD tsis zoo li hauv pawg WCD.

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