Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm Ntawm Cov Khoom Noj Uas Zoo Los Txhim Kho Lub Cev Muaj Zog

Abstract: Kev tshawb nrhiav kev nce qib ntawmkev tiv thaiv kab mob ua kom cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsignyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no tau tshuaj xyuas los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawmactive polysaccharides, cov roj ua haujlwm, cov vitamins, thiab cov protein ua haujlwm. Cov teeb meem thiab kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm kev txhim kho khoom noj khoom haus tau npaj tseg, txhawm rau muab qee qhov kev siv rau cov kws tshawb fawb hauv kev ua haujlwm yav tom ntej.

Ntsiab lus:txhim khu kev tiv thaiv; noj zaub mov zoo; kev txhim kho yav tom ntej

Cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig yog ib hom khoom noj uas muaj kev noj qab haus huv tshwj xeeb, uas yog, nws tsim nyog rau cov pab pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg noj, muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj lub cev, tsis ua rau mob hnyav, subacute lossis mob ntev rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab tsis yog rau kev kho mob. Nws muaj xws li: khoom noj uastxhim khu lub cev lub cev,regulates lub cev atherosclerosis, restores noj qab haus huv thiab ncua kev laus, thiab lwm yam. Kev tiv thaiv-txhim kho cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig yog ib pawg loj ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus kev tshawb fawb feem ntau tsom rau plaub hom tshuaj: nquag polysaccharides, cov roj ua haujlwm, cov vitamins thiab cov proteins nquag. Kev tshawb nrhiav kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, txhawm rau muab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau yav tom ntej kev txhim kho cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntsig txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

1 Active polysaccharides txhim khu kev tiv thaiv zaub mov

Polysaccharides dav muaj nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov kab mob, muaj ntau yam physiological kev ua ub no, muaj immunomodulatory teebmeem, thiab muaj peev xwm txhim khu lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm polysaccharides feem ntau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no: (1) Txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm macrophages. TANG li al[1] pom los ntawm kev sim ntawm tes thiab kev sim tsiaj txhu uas dej-soluble polysaccharides, dilute alkali-soluble polysaccharides thiab concentrated alkali-soluble polysaccharides muab rho tawm los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho cov macrophages, thiab tag nrho peb polysaccharides tuaj yeem txhim kho phagocytosis ntawm ib txwm muaj. macrophages. kev ua si, ntawm cov dej-soluble polysaccharides muaj cov nyhuv zoo tshaj plaws. (2) Txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

LIU et al [2] siv cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) hloov Polysaccharide Polysaccharide ntawm Polygonum cuspidatum ua ib qho antigen los pab ovalbumin (OVA) hauv lub cev thaum kab lis kev cai nas, thiab pom tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txhawb OVA hauv cov ntshav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. IgG tseem tuaj yeem qhib cov hlwb dendritic, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm lymphocytes, thiab txhim kho qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv nas. (3) Ua kom muaj kev taw qhia txoj hauv kev los txhawb kev qhia txog kev tiv thaiv cov noob caj noob ces. Han et al [3] pom tias polysaccharides muab rho tawm los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab tuaj yeem txhim kho cyclophosphamide-induced me nas lub cev poob qis, splenocyte proliferation thiab natural killer (NK) cytotoxic kev ua, txhim kho T helper 1 (Th1) thiab T pab 2 ( Th2) cov

Kev nthuav qhia ntawm cytokines, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob T-bet thiab T cell-specific transcription factor GATA3 mRNA. (4)

Txhawb nqa lymphocyte transformation thiab proliferation. Piv txwv li, LU et al[4] tau muab rho tawm, ua kom huv thiab xaiv hloov pauv lily polysaccharides (LP), tau txais 9 hom selenized lily polysaccharides (SLP1-SLP9), thiab ua cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau lawv. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim hauv vitro tau pom tias SLP6 tau nthuav tawm cov haujlwm muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm tus kheej thiab cov lymphocytes synergistic. Hauv vivo cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias SLP6 tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lymphocyte proliferation

2 Kev ua haujlwm roj thiab cov rog kom txhim khu kev tiv thaiv zaub mov

Cov roj uas muaj lub cev muaj zog tshwj xeeb feem ntau hu ua cov roj ua haujlwm. Qee cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb lossis cov tshuaj nquag muaj nyob hauv lawv tuaj yeem ncaj qha lossis ncaj qha txhim kho lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev thiab tiv thaiv thiab kho qee yam kab mob hauv tib neeg lub cev. Cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov roj ua haujlwm feem ntau yog polyunsaturated fatty acids, ua raws li phospholipids. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav ntawm cov roj ua haujlwm hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Piv txwv li, ntxiv linseed roj thiab noob hnav roj rau cov khoom noj tuaj yeem ua kom cov metabolism ntawm eicosanoids hauv carp, thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua lipopolysaccharide (LPS) los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo dua [5]. Liu Rucui et al [6] coj cod siab roj raws li cov khoom tshawb fawb, noj cov nas hauv qhov ncauj rau ib hlis, thiab tom qab ntawd ntsuas lub zog tiv thaiv kab mob, kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes, NK cell kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm monocyte-macrophage ntawm cov nas. Nws qhia tau hais tias cod siab roj tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm nas.

Duan Yujie et al. [7] kuaj cov teebmeem ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm wolfberry noob roj thiab linseed roj ntawm visceral piv ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, monocyte-macrophage phagocytosis, cellular tiv thaiv kab mob, humoral kev tiv thaiv thiab NK cell ua haujlwm hauv nas. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias Nws qhia tau hais tias kev sib xyaw ntawm wolfberry noob roj thiab linseed roj muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv ntawm nas.

3 cov khoom noj uas muaj vitamin-based tiv thaiv kab mob

Cov vitamins yog ib hom khoom noj tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev. Txawm hais tias tus nqi me me, lawv tsim nyog rau lub cev thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lub cev nws tus kheej. Lawv yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm kev noj haus. Tsis zoo li cov suab thaj, cov protein thiab cov rog, cov vitamins tsis tuaj yeem tsim lub zog lossis tsim cov hlwb, tab sis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov metabolism hauv cov kab mob. Ntev tsis muaj cov vitamins tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no ntawm cov vitamins los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog tsom rau vitamin C thiab vitamin D 2 pawg. Vitamin C khaws cia nyob rau theem siab hauv feem ntau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau yam ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. QIN et al [8] tau soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm vitamin C ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov nas BALB / C tiv thaiv kab mob Plasmodium, thiab pom tias kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm 25 thiab 250 mg / (kg d) vitamin C tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob parasitemia hauv lub cev. theem pib ntawm tus kab mob. Cov qib ntawm activated Th1 hlwb thiab macrophages nyob rau hauv supplemented vitamin C pab pawg neeg yog siab dua cov nyob rau hauv cov tsis-ntxiv vitamin C pab pawg neeg. Vitamin D yog steroid derivative. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias vitamin D muaj lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv plab. Piv txwv li, vitamin D, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov kab mob plab hnyuv (IBD) los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau lub plab microbiota thiab cov lus teb inflammatory. Raws li cov lus ceeb toom, 38. 1 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob Crohn tus kab mob (CD) thiab 31 . Vitamin D deficiency muaj nyob rau hauv 6 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ulcerative colitis (UC) [9]. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm vitamin D ntawm cov hnyuv microflora yog qhov zoo rau cov nroj tsuag probiotic es tsis yog cov kab mob pathogenic, yog li nws ntseeg tau tias vitamin D tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov hnyuv [10].

Nug peb kom paub meej ntxiv:

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Ntxiv nrog rau ob cov vitamins saum toj no muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj pom tias lwm cov vitamins kuj muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Piv txwv li, PENKERT et al [11] pom nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev tshawb fawb uas retinoic acid, oxidative metabolite ntawm vitamin A, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cytokine transcription thiab protein qhia hauv macrophages thiab epithelial hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau pom tias cov hlwb dendritic, induced T hlwb, B cell migration thiab kev sib hais haum, thiab kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov hlwb raug cuam tshuam los ntawm vitamin A [12]. QIANG et al[13] pub tilapia nrog ntau koob tshuaj vitamin E rau 55 hnub, thiab saib xyuas lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias vitamin E tsis txaus ua rau txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, thiab catalase, nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm malondialdehyde, thiab ua rau oxidative puas tsuaj. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm vitamin E, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab ua kom cov qib kev qhia ntawm qee yam kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob.

Ntawm no ntawm Cistanche Extract yog lub zog muaj zog 100 feem pua ​​​​Natural Cistanche extract los ntawm uas yog tus qauv mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus 15-85 feem pua ​​Phg thiab 5-40 feem pua ​​Echinacoside thiab 1-16 feem pua ​​Acetoside (Verbascoside) hauv Herbal Cistanche. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ntau lwm cov tshuaj Cistanche hauv kev ua lag luam tsis sim lossis ua qauv rau cov khoom siv bioactive uas ua rau Cistanche xws li muaj zog thiab nrhiav kev pab ntxiv.

Nyem qhov no kom tau txais cov lus qhia ntxiv txog

Yuav ua li cas Cistanche txhim kho kev tiv thaiv

4 Active Proteins los txhawb kev tiv thaiv

Protein yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev, thiab tseem yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws yog ze ze rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li ntawd, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tsom lawv cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov proteins thiab lawv cov khoom tawg. Chen Yao et al[14] hais lus tau 0 rau nas. 83.1 ib. 67.5 ib. 0 g/kg·BW koob tshuaj protein hmoov rau 30 hnub, cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov hmoov protein tuaj yeem txhim kho qib ntawm cov ntshav hemolysin, lymphocyte transformation muaj peev xwm thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov nas. Qin Lanxia [15] tau ua qhov kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj nyob hauv bovine colostrum hmoov cov khoom lag luam nrog cov ntsiab lus IgG ntawm 10 feem pua, qhia tias bovine colostrum hmoov tuaj yeem txhim kho monocyte-macrophage phagocytosis, NK cell kev ua, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Active peptides yog tsim los ntawm ob peb mus rau kaum ob ntawm cov amino acids nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv, thiab yog cov sib txuas ua ke tom qab protein enzymatication.

WANG et al [16] pom tias spleen peptide (lienal peptide, LP) muab rho tawm los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv calf spleen muaj cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. LP muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau ntawm cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed nas. Tom qab LP kev kho mob, qhov ua kom cov pob txha pob txha B lymphocytes, spleen lymphocytes, NK hlwb, thiab peritoneal macrophages tau nce ntau. Ma Ziqi et al. [17] ua pov thawj tias immunoactive peptide ntawm pob kws hmoov muaj peev xwm txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm nas spleen lymphocytes nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj raws li.

Amino acids yog cov metabolites ntawm cov proteins, thiab qee cov amino acid catabolic txoj hauv kev tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob thaum lub sijhawm tiv thaiv kab mob. Amino acids tuaj yeem ua raws li cov cim qhia ntawm cov khoom siv los tswj cov kab mob metabolic thaum mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob. PEREIRA li al[18] pom tias noj Nile tilapia nrog Gln thiab Arg ntxiv rau kev pub tuaj yeem txhim kho nws lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws kuj tau raug tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hais tias ntxiv Trp hauv vitro tuaj yeem txhawb txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm plab hnyuv Lactobacillus hauv cov nas thiab cuam tshuam rau cov hnyuv tsis muaj zog [19]. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Trp ntawm tus tswv tsev plab hnyuv tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov hnyuv muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis yog Trp nws tus kheej, tab sis yog sib cais los ntawm Trp endogenous metabolites thiab Trp microbial metabolites [20].