Cov tswv yim zoo los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev npaj plab hnyuv hauv cov neeg mob nrog cem quav
Aug 22, 2023
Colonoscopy yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, kuaj mob, thiab kho cov kab mob colonic[1]. Kev npaj plab hnyuv txaus txaus thiab ua tau zoo txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev kho mob. Kev cem quav ntev yog ib qho ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ua rau kev npaj plab hnyuv tsis txaus, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm colonoscopy. Muab hais tias tag nrho cov feem ntau ntawm cem quav nyob rau hauv Suav cov neeg laus yog siab npaum li 10.9% thiab yog nce xyoo los ntawm lub xyoo [2], yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj los txhim kho lub plab hnyuv zoo rau cov neeg mob cem quav. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ib txoj kev npaj plab hnyuv tshiab tau los rau hauv kev kho mob thiab tau nyiam sai sai, uas yog, polycarbophil calcium ua ke nrog polyethylene glycol electrolyte tswvyim, uas yuav pab daws tau qhov teeb meem no.
Kev huv ntawm lub plab yog tus yeej lossis poob ntawm kev ua tiav txoj hnyuv
Qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev npaj tsis txaus ntawm plab hnyuv rau ntawm txoj hnyuv loj yog tag nrho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj mob qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj [3]. Kev huv ntawm txoj hnyuv tsis txaus yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov txo qis ntawm kev kuaj pom ntawm adenomas thiab cov adenomas siab heev [4,5], thiab qhov kev kuaj pom tsis zoo ntawm adenomas ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 5 hli yog peb-fold nce nrog kev tsis txaus ntawm lub plab zom mov [6].
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev npaj plab tsis txaus kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog lub sij hawm endoscopy ntev, tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab intubation, muaj teeb meem ntau ntxiv, thiab cov neeg mob tsis txaus siab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau luv luv ntawm cov colonoscopies, nyob hauv tsev kho mob ntev dua, thiab nce nqi kho mob [1,3].
Txawm hais tias rov hais dua txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxuav plab hnyuv rau txoj hnyuv loj, ntau li 18 mus rau 35 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob uas tau txais txoj hnyuv plab tsis txaus [7,8]. Hauv Suav cov pej xeem, cem quav ntev yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev pheej hmoo rau kev npaj plab tsis txaus. Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo muaj xws li tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev npaj plab zom mov (xws li kev noj zaub mov muaj fiber ntau ua ntej, kev noj PEG tsis txaus), rog rog (lub cev qhov hnyav> 25 kg / m2), hnub nyoog siab tshaj (hnub nyoog> 70 xyoo), keeb kwm ntawm Kev phais txoj hnyuv, lwm yam kab mob (xws li ntshav qab zib, kab mob Parkinson, keeb kwm ntawm mob stroke lossis txha caj qaum, thiab lwm yam), thov siv tricyclic antidepressants lossis tshuaj loog tos.
Kev npaj plab hnyuv siab rau hauv cov neeg mob cem quav tsis sib haum nrog lub hom phiaj xav tau rau kev kuaj ntshav colonoscopy
Kev cem quav ntev yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev pheej hmoo rau kev npaj plab hnyuv tsis txaus
Tam sim no, PEG yog cov tshuaj ntxuav plab hnyuv loj tshaj plaws hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Suav cov lus qhia pom zoo kom noj 3 L faib cov tshuaj noj thiab 2 L ib koob tshuaj ib zaug (tsuas yog rau cov pab pawg uas pheej hmoo tsawg nrog kev npaj plab hnyuv tsis txaus). Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab xws li cem quav, A 4 L tov tuaj yeem sim. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob, kev siv ib qho tshuaj ntxuav plab hnyuv rau cov neeg mob cem quav tsis zoo rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
① Kev npaj plab hnyuv ib txwm tsis tuaj yeem ua kom lub plab zom mov txaus rau cov neeg mob cem quav. Vim lub plab hnyuv peristaltic ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau cov neeg mob cem quav, muaj cov ntsiab lus ntau ntxiv hauv cov hnyuv, yog li tom qab noj PEG, thawj lub sijhawm defecation feem ntau ntev dua, thiab tag nrho cov defecation zaus raug txo, ua rau. lub xub ntiag ntawm plab hnyuv lumen thaum lub sij hawm colonoscopy Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm ua npuas ncauj, hnoos qeev, quav, thiab lwm yam ua rau nws nyuaj rau nkag mus rau hauv daim iav, yooj yim plam polyps, thiab ua rau kom lub sij hawm ntawm colonoscopy thiab qhov mob ntawm tus neeg mob.
② Cov neeg mob cem quav ntev tau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo thiab ua rau lub cev tsis zoo thaum lub sij hawm npaj plab hnyuv. Thaum cov neeg mob cem quav ntev siv PEG ib leeg rau kev npaj plab hnyuv, vim yog cov tshuaj noj ntau, haus dej ntau hauv lub sijhawm luv luv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv ntau ntxiv xws li mob plab, xeev siab, thiab ntuav, tsis kam lees, thiab txawm tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav colonoscopy. Nws kuj tau raug tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hais tias thaum cov neeg mob cem quav noj cov tshuaj laxative loj rau lub plab zom mov hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj hnyuv lumen tsis tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub sijhawm, uas ua rau muaj kev nce siab hauv plab hnyuv lumen, uas induces. kab mob hauv plab [9]
③ Cov neeg mob cem quav ntev muaj qhov xav tau ntau dua rau kev huv ntawm txoj hnyuv. Qee cov neeg mob cem quav noj cov tshuaj uas muaj anthraquinone ntev ntev, ua rau cov pigmentation ntawm lub plab hnyuv loj, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshawb pom ntawm cov kab mob ntxov thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm colonoscopy [10,11]. Yog li ntawd, cov kev xav tau siab dua rau kev huv ntawm txoj hnyuv tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej.
Cov neeg mob nrog cem quav ntev muaj lub hom phiaj xav tau kev kuaj ntshav colonoscopy
Kev cem quav tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob anorectal, xws li hemorrhoids, qhov quav fissures, thiab qhov quav prolapse tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav. Raws li cov lus ceeb toom, qhov kev kuaj pom tus mob colonic adenoma thaum lub sij hawm colonoscopy nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob nrog cem quav nyob rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 13.6% [12]. Txawm hais tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev cem quav thiab mob qog noj ntshav tseem muaj teeb meem, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob thiab cov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv Suav teb, Suav Cov Kws Tshaj Lij Pom Zoo rau Kev Tswj cem quav [13] pom zoo kom colonoscopy rau cov neeg mob tshiab uas muaj hnub nyoog siab dua. tshaj lossis sib npaug li 40 xyoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg mob cem quav uas muaj cov cim ceeb toom yuav tsum xaiv cov kev kuaj mob (xws li colonoscopy) kom tsis suav cov kab mob organic.
Cov neeg mob nrog cem quav ntev yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau dua rau kev kuaj ntshav colonoscopies. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pab pawg no nquag ua rau cov hnyuv tsis txaus, uas txo qhov raug thiab ua haujlwm ntawm colonoscopy. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Yuav ua li cas txo qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev npaj plab rau cov neeg mob cem quav tau dhau los ua ib qho teeb meem nyuaj uas cov kws kho mob yuav tsum daws.
Txoj hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev txhim kho kev ua kom zoo ntawm plab hnyuv hauv cov neeg mob cem quav
Suav cov lus qhia tau hais tias [1], rau cov neeg mob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev npaj plab hnyuv tsis txaus, kev ntsuas plab hnyuv ntxiv tuaj yeem ua tau thaum siv cov txheej txheem kev npaj plab hnyuv. Yav dhau los, ntau hom kev npaj plab hnyuv tau sim, xws li kev siv 4L PEG scheme, kev noj zaub mov tsawg tsawg rau 3 hnub ua ntej kev kuaj mob endoscopic thiab kev kho mob, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau hom tshuaj laxative (xws li lactulose, tshuaj prokinetic, txiv roj roj, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam.) Magnesium, Suav tshuaj ntsuab, thiab lwm yam.) lossis lwm yam tshuaj ntxuav plab hnyuv [13-20]. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov qauv kev sib txawv ntawm cov qib sib txawv thiab txhim kho txoj hnyuv huv ntawm cov neeg mob cem quav, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov pov thawj tsis txaus thiab tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo raws li txoj kev nyiam.
Polycarbophil calcium yog ib tug volumetric laxative, uas tau dav siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev ua haujlwm cem quav hauv ntau lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb vim nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb zoo hauv kev sim tshuaj toxicity mus sij hawm ntev[21,22]. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tias polycarbophil calcium yog ib qho inert, dej-absorbing polymer uas tsis absorbed hauv lub cev. Tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj, nws yuav sai sai decalcify nyob rau hauv acidic ib puag ncig nyob rau hauv lub plab los tsim polycarbophil. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lossis tsis muaj zog alkaline ib puag ncig ntawm cov hnyuv me thiab cov hnyuv, cov dej nqus tuaj yeem ncav cuag 60 ~ 100 npaug ntawm nws qhov hnyav. Cov tsim hydrophilic gel tuaj yeem ua rau cov quav mos, ua kom lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov hnyuv, txhawb cov plab hnyuv peristalsis, thiab yog li txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm cem quav.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm polycarbophil calcium ua ke nrog PEG los ua kom zoo ntawm kev npaj plab hnyuv ua ntej colonoscopy
Kev Tshawb Fawb 1 Ib qho kev sib tw, ib leeg-dig muag, kev kawm yav tom ntej [23] coj los ntawm xibfwb Fei Sujuan los ntawm Gastroenterology Department ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Affiliated ntawm Xuzhou Medical University suav nrog 317 tus neeg mob. Nws tau pom tias polycarbophil calcium ua ke nrog PEG ( pab pawg kawm) tau zoo dua li PEG ib leeg (tswj pab pawg) hais txog kev npaj plab hnyuv kom huv thiab txo cov npuas seem. Boston Bowel Preparation Score (BBPS) ntawm pab pawg kawm thiab pawg tswj hwm yog 6.57 ± 1.44 vs. 5.53 ± 1.47 (P=0.000), raws li qhia hauv daim duab, thiab qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov uas mus txog 6 cov ntsiab lus thiab siab dua yog 83.23% vs. 52.65%. Qhov pom kev pom tseeb ntawm pawg kawm tau zoo dua qub, thiab qhov feem pua ntawm kev npaj plab hnyuv pom qhov pom tseeb txog qib I thiab II yog 71.43% vs. 56.41% hauv ob pawg (U=2.781, P{{ 25.005). Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm polycarbophil calcium kuj tseem txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo (χ2=8.640, P=0.003), thiab tseem pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nyab xeeb.
Tshawb nrhiav kev kawm ntawm Er Ding Xianglin et al. [24] suav nrog 110 tus neeg mob uas muaj cem quav tsis tu ncua, thiab pom tias kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm polycarbophil calcium thiab PEG rau kev npaj plab hnyuv ua ntej colonoscopy hauv cov neeg mob cem quav ntev tuaj yeem txhim kho plab hnyuv ua haujlwm. Hauv kev ua kom lub plab zom mov, ntau dua 90% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj kev npaj plab hnyuv txaus. Tag nrho cov qhab nia ntawm BBPS hauv pawg soj ntsuam thiab pawg tswj yog 8.64 ± 2.38 vs. 7.00± 1.14 (P<0.01); the proportion of patients with adequate intestinal preparation was 90.91% vs. 72.73% (χ2=3.925, P=0.044). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Thiab tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo tshwm sim.
Kev Tshawb Fawb 3 Ob lub hnub nyoog laus thiab cem quav yog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev npaj plab tsis txaus. Zheng Huang et al. tau tshawb fawb txog 358 tus neeg mob laus [25] (kwv yees 20% ntawm cov neeg mob cem quav). Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias tom qab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm polycarbophil, lub sijhawm rau kev tso tseg thawj zaug thiab lub sijhawm tso cov qauv dej ntshiab tau txo qis hauv cov neeg mob cem quav thiab tsis cem quav, thiab cov qhab nia BBPS tau siab dua li ntawm pawg tswj hwm. (tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig P <0.05); Lub sij hawm cecal insertion tau luv luv (P<0.05). Colonic lesions (colon cancer + colonic polyps) and colorectal adenomas were 52.87% and 33.3% in the combined group, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (43.68% and 22.4%), P <0.05.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kawm ntawm Liu Xin et al. [26] kuj pom tau hais tias kev siv cov polycarbophil calcium ua ke nrog PEG rau kev npaj plab hnyuv hauv cov neeg mob cem quav muaj qhov qhab nia BBPS ntau dua li ntawm PEG ib leeg. Yog tias ua ke nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm defoaming ntawm lub hauv paus no, Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshem cov npuas dej, txhim kho qhov kev kuaj pom ntawm qhov txhab, thiab txo lub sijhawm nkag mus thiab tawm ntawm daim iav.
Xaus:
Kev cem quav ntev yog qhov ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ua rau cov plab hnyuv tsis txaus, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua tiav cov kev ua kom lub plab zom mov txaus siab nrog cov txheej txheem ib txwm ua. Polycarbophil calcium yog ib qho tshuaj zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab nws ua ke nrog PEG rau kev npaj plab hnyuv tuaj yeem txhim kho txoj hnyuv ua haujlwm zoo, txhim kho qhov pom kev pom tseeb, thiab txhim kho qhov pom ntawm qhov txhab hauv cov pej xeem, cov neeg mob cem quav, thiab cov neeg laus. tus nqi thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias ntxiv rau ua ib qho tshuaj zoo rau kev kho mob cem quav, polycarbophil calcium kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev npaj plab hnyuv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo xws li cem quav thiab kev npaj plab tsis txaus. Cov txheej txheem calcium optimization muaj ib daim ntawv thov kev cia siab heev, thiab nws tsim nyog rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv, txhim kho cov phiaj xwm tshuaj, thiab kev tshaj tawm kev kho mob thiab daim ntawv thov.
Ntuj Herbal Tshuaj Rau Relieving cem quav-Cistanche
Cistanche yog ib tug genus ntawm parasitic nroj tsuag uas belongs rau tsev neeg Orobanchaceae. Cov nroj tsuag no paub txog lawv cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab tau siv nyob rau hauv Cov Tshuaj Hauv Suav Teb (TCM) rau ntau pua xyoo. Cov hom Cistanche feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv thaj av qhuav thiab suab puam ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Mongolia, thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm Central Asia. Cistanche nroj tsuag yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lawv cov fleshy, yellowish stems thiab muaj nuj nqis heev rau lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv TCM, Cistanche ntseeg tau tias muaj cov khoom siv tonic thiab feem ntau yog siv los kho lub raum, txhim kho qhov tseem ceeb, thiab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev. Nws kuj yog siv los daws cov teeb meem ntsig txog kev laus, qaug zog, thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Thaum Cistanche muaj keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev siv tshuaj ib txwm siv, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb txog nws txoj kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb tsis tu ncua thiab txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws paub tias muaj ntau yam bioactive tebchaw xws li phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoids, lignans, thiab polysaccharides, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov teebmeem tshuaj.
Wecistanche's cistanche hmoov, cistanche ntsiav tshuaj, cistanche tsiav tshuaj, thiab lwm yam khoom yog tsim los siv suab puam cistanche raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv, tag nrho cov no muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau relieving cem quav. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no: Cistanche ntseeg tau tias muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tshem tawm cem quav raws li nws cov kev siv ib txwm siv thiab qee cov tshuaj uas nws muaj. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb ntawm Cistanche qhov cuam tshuam rau cem quav yog txwv, nws tau xav tias muaj ntau lub tswv yim uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo tau cem quav. Laxative nyhuv: Cistanche tau ntev tau siv nyob rau hauv Tsoos Suav Tshuaj raws li ib tug tshuaj rau cem quav. Nws ntseeg tau tias muaj cov nyhuv laxative me me, uas tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev zom zaub mov thiab ua rau cem quav. Cov nyhuv no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau ntau lub tebchaw nyob hauv Cistanche, xws li phenylethanoid glycosides thiab polysaccharides. Moistening plab hnyuv: Raws li kev siv ib txwm siv, Cistanche suav hais tias muaj cov khoom siv moisturizing, tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau cov hnyuv. Los ntawm kev txhawb hydration thiab lubrication ntawm cov hnyuv, nws yuav pab tau soften cov cuab yeej thiab pab kom yooj yim dua, li no relieving cem quav. Anti-inflammatory Effect: cem quav tej zaum yuav txuam nrog o nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov. Cistanche muaj qee qhov sib txuas, suav nrog phenylethanoid glycosides thiab lignans, uas ntseeg tau tias muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob. Los ntawm kev txo cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv, nws tuaj yeem pab txhim kho kev zom zaub mov tsis tu ncua thiab txo qhov cem quav.
cov ntaub ntawv:
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