Txoj Kev Kawm Ntawm Lub Neuroprotective Mechanism Ntawm Cistanche Thiab Fomitopsis Pinicola Ntawm Mesencephalon Dopaminergic Neurons Induced Los ntawm MPP ntxiv

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm neuroprotective mechanism ntawm Cistanche thiab Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm mesencephala dopaminergic neurons induced los ntawm MPP ntxiv

Hu rau:joanna.jia@wecistanche.com/ WhatsApp: 008618081934791

Qhov tseem ceeb

Fomitopsis Pinicola yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv oxidant, tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab immunostimulant zog. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, thawj dopaminergic cell kab lis kev cai npaj los ntawm embryonic nas mesencephala tau siv los txiav txim qhovneuroprotectiveCov teebmeem thiab cov txheej txheem muaj peev xwm ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm degeneration ntawm dopaminergic neurons induced los ntawm MPP ntxiv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias Dej Extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola tiv thaiv dopamine neurons tiv thaiv MPP ntxiv. Cov dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Lub mechanism ntawm lubneuroprotectiveCov nyhuv ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau inhibitory ntawm mitochondrial oxidative kev nyuaj siab. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias covneuroprotectivenyhuv ntawmCistancheua rau nws yog "tus neeg sib tw zoo tshaj" rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob neurological.Cistancheyog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv echinacosides. Extract ntawmcistanchetau pom tias yuav ua rau cov paj hlwb loj hlob zoo synthesis nyob rau hauv vivo thiab hauv vitro thwmsim, txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm lwm yam hauv lub hlwb, thiab txhim kho ntau lub hlwb ua haujlwm ntsig txog kev nco.

Cistanchemuajneuroprotectiveteebmeem

Abstract

Lub Hom Phiaj: Saib covneuroprotectivemechanism ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm MPP'induced apoptosis ntawm mesencephalic dopaminergic hlwb nyob rau hauv vitro.Txoj kev: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant ntawm fungi tau txiav txim los ntawm txoj kev FRAP. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov fungi tau kuaj pom los ntawm LPS-induced TSIS tso tawm txoj kev. Mesencephalic dopaminergicneuronstau sau npe los ntawm TH staining los soj ntsuam kev ciaj sia ntawm THirneuronsCov txiaj ntsig: Hauv kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua haujlwm oxidant, Trolox equivalent antioxidant muaj peev xwm (TEAC) ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitonsis Pinicola tau txiav txim siab tias yog (165.80 ± 7.13) umol Trolox / g extract Dej extracts ntawm Fomitopsis Pimicola kev kho mob (100,50,25 , 12.5ug / ml) txo qis tsis muaj kev tsim tawm. MPP * induced tseem ceeb chromatin condensation nyob rau hauv lub nuclei ntawm mesencephalic dopaminergicneuronsNrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov lysis, lub mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm txo qis heev, thiab ROS ntau lawm tau nce ntau. Piv nrog rau pawg tswj hwm MPPt, cov kev hloov pauv morphological ntawm cell nuclei tom qab apoptosis tau thim rov qab los ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomtitonsis Pinicola. Dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola kev kho mob (50,25,12.5ug / ml) ua rau cov txheeb ze mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm piv nrog MPP'control feem. Piv nrog rau MPPt tswj, dej extract ntawm Fomitonsis Pimicola kev kho mob (50, 25ug / ml) txo qis tus txheeb ze ROS tsim raws li, Conclusions∶ Dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola pom ib qho tseem ceeb.neuroprotectiveCov nyhuv ntawm mesencephalic dopaminergic hlwb induced los ntawm MPpt, Cov dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola pom antioxidant thiab anti-inflammatory kev ua ub no. Lub mechanism ntawm lubneuroprotectiveCov nyhuv ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pimicola tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau inhibitory ntawm mitochondrial oxidative kev nyuaj siab.Cistancheglycosides tuaj yeem txhim kho kev kawm thiab kev nco ntawm cov neeg mob Alzheimer's disease, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm malondialdehyde (MDA) hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab nce glutathione peroxidase (GSH). -Px), superoxide dismutase (superoxide dismutase, SOD) kev ua haujlwm, txo acetylcholine esterase (acetylcholine esterase, TChE) kev ua, lub hlwb apoptosis tus nqi, thiab txo cov calcium tsub zuj zuj hauv lub hlwb.

Ntsiab lus: Fomitopsis Pimicola, dopaminergicneuronsapoptosis, antioxidant, mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm, ROS tsim,Cistanche, Neuroprotective

Keeb kwm

Tus kab mob Parkinsonyog kab mob neurodegenerative hauv tib neeg, uas cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm ntau dua 6.5 lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg laus hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoo yog kwv yees li 1 2 feem pua ​​[1, 2]. Txawm tias muaj tseeb etiology thiab pathogenesis ntawmTus kab mob Parkinsontseem tsis paub meej, oxidative kev nyuaj siab tau raug pov thawj los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv degeneration ntawm dopaminergicneuronshauv nigrostriatal striatum [3, 4]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ntau dhau ntawm Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) induceS mitochondrial dysfunction, nrog rau kev txo qis mitochondrial membrane peev xwm (△Ψm) thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob ua pa nyuaj enzymes Ⅰ, nrog rau qhov txawv txav mitochondria DNA [5, 6]. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov rhiab heev thiab kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev nigrostrital rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab kuj tuaj yeem ua rau DNA puas ntawm dopaminergic.neuronshauv cov neeg mob nrogTus kab mob Parkinson [7].

Phenylethanoid glycoside extract hauvCistanchedeserticola tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropyridine, MPTP)-induced PD qauv C57 nas tus cwj pwm coj tus cwj pwm, ua kom cov ntsiab lus ntxiv nigra tyrosine hydroxylase (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH) mus txog thiab DA cov ntsiab lus hauv striatum ntawm cov neeg mob nrogTus kab mob Parkinson.Ntxiv rau, covcistanchephenyl ethanol glycoside extract muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory zoo ntawm qhov poob ntawm cerebellar granule cell viability nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob.Tus kab mob Parkinsonthiab tiv thaiv MPP ntxiv rau induced cell apoptosis ntawm cerebellar granuleneuronslos ntawm inhibiting lub activation ntawm caspase -3 thiab caspase -8. Tuag, exert nws anti-apoptotic nyhuv.

Fomitopsis Pinicola yog ib hom tshuaj fungus uas belongs rau Polyporaceae thiab Pseudomonas. Nws muaj lub tiaj, me ntsis iab saj thiab muaj cov tshuaj siv tshuaj xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv qog, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob [8, 9]. Peb cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau lees paub tias cov dej rho tawm ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm MPP ntxiv rau -induced apoptosis ntawm fetal midbrain dopaminergic hlwb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov dopaminergic nce ntau.neuronsthiab axonal ntev, thiab nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzyme I [10].

Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb yuav siv Ferric txo txoj kev siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant (FRAP) los soj ntsuam lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov aqueous extracts ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola, thiab soj ntsuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lipopolysaccharide (LPS) vim tsis muaj kev tso tawm hauv BV2 microglia. Cov teebmeem ntawm kab lis kev cai midbrain dopaminergicneuronsntawm nuclear morphology, mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm, thiab ROS ntau lawm tau pom nyob rau hauv vitro, thiaj li yuav qhia txog kev tiv thaiv mechanism ntawm endomycetes ntawm dopaminergicneurons.

Khoom siv

Tsiaj

14-hnub cev xeeb tub nas, OF1/SPF, los ntawm Austrian Laboratory Tsiaj thiab Veterinary Genetics Institute, tau sim nrog cov tsiaj sim raws li European Commission Cov Lus Qhia 86/609/EU.

Cov qauv kuaj

Fomitopsis Pinicola tau tsim nyob rau hauv Austria thiab tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm xibfwb Wolf-Dieter Rausch ua Footmitopsis Pinicola. Tom qab pulverization ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola, cov dej extract tau txais los ntawm cov dej kub rho tawm, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm polysaccharide crude yog 8.95 feem pua.

kab ntawm tes

Mouse microglioma cell line BV2, los ntawm Department of Biochemistry, Vienna Veterinary University, hauv DMEM nruab nrab (Sigma) muaj 10 feem pua ​​​​fetal bovine serum, 2 feem pua ​​​​B27 (Gibco), 2 feem pua ​​​​glutamine, 37 degree 5 feem pua ​​CO2 kab lis kev cai.

cell culture nruab nrab

BM (qhov nruab nrab) nruab nrab uas DMEM nruab nrab tau ntxiv nrog 10 feem pua ​​​​fetal bovine serum, 30 mM qabzib, 2 mM glutamine, 1 feem pua ​​​​streptomycin, thiab 0.5 feem pua ​​amphotericin.

lub ntsiab reagents thiab cov cuab yeej

MPP plus yog cov khoom siv sigma, purity Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 98 feem pua; anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) thawj thiab theem nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog tag nrho cov khoom ntawm American Vectastain.TPTZ(2.4.6-terpyridine triazine), FeCl3·6H2O, FeSO4·7H2O yog cov khoom ntawm American sigma-Aldrich.DAPI ziab kua. JC-1 dyeing tov thiab C-DCDHF-DA dyeing tov yog tag nrho cov khoom ntawm Invitrogen Molecular Probes. Thawj cov tshuaj concentration yog 1mg / ml, Img / ml thiab 1M, feem. Fluorescence microscope, tsim los ntawm Nikon lub tuam txhab hauv Nyij Pooj, qauv TS-100-F. Spectrophotometer rau lub teb chaws Yelemees Pharmacia Biotech khoom, qauv rau Novaspec ⅡI.

Cistanchetuaj yeem tiv thaivTus kab mob Parkinson

txoj kev

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm antioxidant muaj peev xwm ntawm extracts los ntawm FRAP txoj kev

Tom qab kev npaj ntawm 30 ml ntawm FRAP cov kua dej ua haujlwm (300 mmol / L acetate buffer, 10 mmol / L TPTZ tov, 20 mmol / L FeCly cov ntsiab lus sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 10: 1: 1), 450 mu L FRAP ua haujlwm Cov kua tau ntxiv nrog ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm 60 ul aqueous extracts ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola thiab 45 ul ob chav dej evaporate. Blending 37 degree C zam lub teeb pom kev tom qab 30 min, tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab nws qhov nqus nqus ntawm 593 nm. Tag nrho cov antioxidant muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua cov extract tau suav nrog siv Trolox raws li tus qauv. Peb qhov kev ntsuam xyuas sib luag tau ua rau txhua tus qauv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias Trolox sib npaug (TEAC) (mol TEAC / g) ib gram extract.

Tsis muaj kev tso tawm kev soj ntsuam tau siv los kuaj xyuas cov nyhuv anti-inflammatory ntawm cov extract

Lub logarithmic theem BV2 hlwb raug inoculated nyob rau hauv 48-zoo daim hlau ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 1 x 10 degree cell / ml. Tom qab incubation rau 37 degree thiab 5 feem pua ​​CO2, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tau ntxiv rau stimulation, qhov kawg concentration yog 1lug/ml. Tom qab ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov extract tau ntxiv, thiab cov hlwb raug coj los ntawm 37 degree hauv qab 5 feem pua ​​​​CO, rau 48 h, tom qab ntawd qhov concentration ntawm NO, . raug ntsuas. Ua ntej qhov kev sim. Griess reagents A thiab B raug tshem tawm ntawm lub tub yees ntawm 4 ° C thiab tso cai rau kom sib npaug hauv chav sov li 30 min. Cov qauv nitrite tau serially diluted (20,10, 5,2.1, thiab 0.5uM) los tsim cov qauv nkhaus. Ntxiv 50 μL ntawm tus qauv diluted thiab cov supernatant ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum tau kuaj (4 replicates rau txhua qhov concentration), ntxiv rau 96-zoo phaj, ces ntxiv 50

uL ntawm A tov, incubate nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub rau 10 min nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj thiab ntxiv 50 uL ntawm B tov. Tom qab incubation rau 10 min ntawm chav tsev kub nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti, lub absorbance yog ntsuas ntawm 550 nm nrog ib tug microplate nyeem ntawv nyob rau hauv 30 min, thiab tso tawm NO nyob rau hauv lub supernatant yog xam raws li tus qauv nkhaus [11]. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 10 ul MTT (5 mg / mL hauv PBS tov) tau ntxiv rau txhua qhov dej ntawm lub phaj ntawm tes, thiab coj mus rau 37 degree rau 5 feem pua ​​​​CO, rau 4h. Tom qab cov supernatant raug muab pov tseg, 100 uL ntawm DMSO tau ntxiv rau txhua qhov dej, thiab qhov nqus tau raug ntsuas ntawm 570 nm tom qab tag nrho yaj, txhawm rau soj ntsuam cov cell ciaj sia taus.

Kab lis kev cai thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm thawj midbrain dopaminergic hlwb thiab kev kho tshuaj

Cov nas uas cev xeeb tub tau muab txi thiab pauv mus rau ib lub tais petri uas muaj DPBS tsis, nas embryos raug muab tshem tawm, lub midbrain raug cais, txiav rau hauv me me, thiab sau rau hauv DPBS tsis muaj 2ml ntawm 0 1 feem pua ​​trypsin thiab 2ml {{ 3}}. cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm 100 xg rau 4 min, thiab muab pov tseg cov supernatant. Tom qab ntawd, DMEM nruab nrab uas muaj 0.02 feem pua ​​​​DNase kuv tau ntxiv, thiab cov hlwb sib cais tau rov ua dua nyob rau hauv BM cell kab lis kev cai nruab nrab, noob nyob rau hauv polylysine-kho cell daim hlau, thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm 37 degree ,5 feem pua ​​CO. Nyob rau 10th hnub ntawm kab lis kev cai, 10 μM MPP * tau ntxiv rau cov kab lis kev cai tseem ceeb neuron rau kev kho mob, thiab tom qab ntawd 50.25.12.5 ug / ml aqueous extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola tau ntxiv rau kev kho mob ntawm 37 degree ,5 feem pua ​​​​CO, tau coj mus kuaj rau 48 teev. Hnub 12 ntawm kab lis kev cai, qee lub hlwb tau siv rau kev txheeb xyuas cov dopaminergic neurons, thiab cov hlwb raug kho nrog 4 feem pua ​​​​ntawm paraformaldehyde ntawm 4 degree rau 30 min, thiab tom qab ntawd permeable rau 30 min ntawm chav tsev kub nrog 0.4 feem pua ​​Triton X{{ 33}} ib. Tom qab yaug nrog PBS tsis pub dhau 3 zaug, nws raug thaiv nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nees rau 90 min, tom qab ntawd tshuaj tiv thaiv TH thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ntxiv rau hmo ntuj, tom qab ntawd biotinylated cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thib ob ntxiv rau chav sov li 90 min, thiab thaum kawg, 3,3 '-diaminobenzidine (DAB, 5 mg/ml) tau tsim. Cov hlwb zoo rau TH xim tau pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom iav li dopaminergic neurons.

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm nuclear morphology

MPP ntxiv thiab cov tshuaj kho hlwb tau kho nrog 4 feem pua ​​​​ntawm paraformaldehyde rau 30 min, tom qab ntawd tawg nrog 0.4 feem pua ​​Triton X-100 rau 30 min, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv nrog DAPI stain tov ntawm qhov kawg concentration ntawm 1 ug / ml rau 5 min ntawm chav tsev kub. Lub morphology ntawm lub nucleus tau pom nyob rau hauv lub fluorescence microscope. Lub excitation wavelength yog 340 nm, thiab 4 daim teb raug xaiv xaiv rau txhua qhov dej.

Kev kuaj pom ntawm mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm

MPP ntxiv thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau ntxiv rau JC-1 dve ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 10 ug / ml thiab incubated ntawm 37 degree rau 15 min. Kev hloov pauv fluorescence tau pom los ntawm fluorescence microscopy ntawm 488 nm thiab 568 nm excitation light feem. Kev hloov pauv hauv mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm ntsuas los ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm fluorescence siv ntawm 568 nm rau fluorescence siv ntawm 488 nm.

ROS ntau lawm xeem

MPP ntxiv thiab cov tshuaj kho cov hlwb raug muab ntxiv rau C-DCDHF-DA dve ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 10 mM thiab tom qab incubation ntawm 37 degree rau 30 min, kab lis kev cai daws tau muab pov tseg, thiab cov hlwb raug ntxuav ob zaug nrog ib tug tsis muaj kob DMEM nruab nrab. . Fluorescence microscopy tau siv los soj ntsuam qhov kev hloov ntawm fluorescence siv. Lub excitation wavelength yog 488 nm, thiab 4 qhov chaw saib tau xaiv xaiv rau txhua qhov dej. Lub sij hawm ntawm lub hlwb raug rau lub teeb excitation tsis ntau tshaj 5s.

Cov txiaj ntsig

Antioxidant muaj peev xwm ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola

Fomitopsis Pinicola muaj qhov pom tseeb los tiv thaiv oxidation, thiab nws cov dej extract muaj peev xwm antioxidant ntawm (165.80 ± 7.13)μmol TEACH extract.

Anti-inflammatory nyhuv ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola

Tom qab LPS induced BV2 hlwb, qhov kev tso tawm ntawm NO tau nce ntxiv, uas txawv heev ntawm pawg tswj hwm ib txwm muaj. Tom qab cov aqueous extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola, qhov tso tawm ntawm NO tau txo qis, ntawm cov uas 100,50, 25, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm 12.5 ug / ml pawg koob tshuaj thiab LPS pawg (Fig. 1). Tom qab LPS induced BV2 hlwb, lub cell ciaj sia taus tus nqi qis dua li ntawm pawg tswj ib txwm. Tom qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov aqueous extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pimicola, pawg 100ug / ml koob tau txo qis hauv cell viability, thiab muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb piv nrog LPS pawg. Cov pawg koob tshuaj 50,25,12.5 ug / ml tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes (Daim duab 1, Daim duab 2).

Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm midbrain dopaminergic neurons hauv fetal nas

Tom qab qhov tshwj xeeb TH staining ntawm kab lis kev cai fetal nas midbrain neurons, dopaminergic neurons pom cov xim daj-daj, thiab staining ntawm lub cev ntawm tes thiab axons tau pom meej, uas ua pov thawj tias dopaminergic neurons tau ua tiav (Daim duab 3) .

Daim duab 1 Cov teebmeem ntawm cov dej rho tawm ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm kev tso tawm NO hauv BV2 hlwb

induced los ntawm LPS

Nco tseg: piv nrog rau pawg tswj ib txwm, **p < {{0}}.01;="" piv="" nrog="" lps="" pawg,="" ##p=""><0.01, #p=""><>

Daim duab 2 cuam tshuam ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm cov ciaj sia taus ntawm BV2 hlwb

Nco tseg: piv nrog rau pawg tswj hwm ib txwm, **p < 0.01;="" piv="" nrog="" lps="" pawg,=""><>

Daim duab 3 TH - sau npe mesencephalon DA neuron staining

Cov nyhuv ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm nuclear morphology DAPI,4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, yog lub fluorescent dhia dej uas nkag mus rau hauv cov cell membrane thiab khi txawv rau DNA. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev sim no tau pom tias cov nuclei ntawm dopaminergic neurons hauv pawg tswj hwm ib txwm tseem yuav luag thiab cov chromatin tsis sib xws. MPP ntxiv rau pawg tswj tau pom qhov tseem ceeb chromatin condensation, nuclear membrane lysis, thiab nuclear lysis. Tom qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov aqueous extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola, lub morphology ntawm lub nucleus kuj zoo lawm, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm apoptosis raug txo (Daim duab 4).

Cov nyhuv ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm Mitochondrial Membrane Potential

Tom qab MPP ntxiv rau induction, mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm ntawm dopaminergic neurons poob qis, uas txawv txawv ntawm pawg tswj hwm ib txwm muaj (P<0.01). after="" the="" action="" of="" the="" aqueous="" extract="" of="" fomitopsis="" pinicola,="" the="" mitochondrial="" membrane="" potential="" decreased="" after="" mpp+="" induction.="" there="" was="" a="" significant="" increase="" in="" mitochondrial="" membrane="" potential="" in="" the="" 50,="" 25,="" and="" 12.5ug/ml="" dose="" groups="" compared="" with="" the="" mpp+="" control="" group=""><0.01,><0.05)(figure>

Cov nyhuv ntawm Pseudomonas Sinensis ntawm ROS ntau lawm

Tom qab MPP ntxiv rau induction, ROS ntau lawm ntawm dopaminergic neurons tau nce ntau. uas txawv txawv ntawm pawg tswj hwm ib txwm muaj (P<0.01). after="" the="" action="" of="" the="" aqueous="" extract="" of="" fomitopsis="" pinicola,="" the="" ros="" increased="" after="" mpp+induction.="" the="" reduction="" of="" ros="" production="" in="" the="" 50="" and="" 25="" ug/ml="" dose="" groups="" was="" significantly="" different="" from="" the="" mpp+control="" group=""><0.01)(figure 6,="" figure="">

Daim duab 4. DAPI fluorescence staining imaging ntawm DA neurons hauv mesencephalic

Daim duab 5 Cov nyhuv ntawm dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm MPP ntxiv -induced mitochondrial

lub peev xwm ntawm mesencephalic DA neurons

Lus Cim: Piv nrog rau pawg tswj hwm ib txwm muaj, **P < {{0}}.01;="" piv="" nrog="" mpp="" ntxiv="" rau="" pawg="" tswj="" hwm,="" #="" #="" p="">< 0.01,="" #="">

0.05.

Daim duab 6. C-DCDHF-DA fluorescence staining ntawm DA neurons hauv mesencephalic

Daim duab 7 cov teebmeem ntawm cov dej rho tawm ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola ntawm MPP ntxiv -induced mesencephalic DA

neuron ROS ntau lawm

Nco tseg: piv nrog rau pawg tswj ib txwm, **P < {{0}}.01;="" piv="" nrog="" mpp="" ntxiv="" rau="" pawg="" tswj="" hwm,="" #="" #="" p=""><>

Xaus

Lub degeneration ntawm dopaminergic neurons (DA neurons) nyob rau hauv lub midbrain ploj thiab Lewy lub cev nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm ntawm residual neurons yog lub ntsiab feature ntawmTus kab mob Parkinson.Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau suav nrog kev tshee hnyo, bradykinesia, hypermyotonia, lub cev tsis muaj zog, thiab al. Tam sim no, kev kho mob ntawmTus kab mob Parkinsontseem yog dominated los ntawm dopamine hloov kho. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg mob, nws tsis tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Daim ntawv thov mus sij hawm ntev yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau yam tsis zoo [12], yog li kev kawm txog kev kho tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab oxidized dopamine qib yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm dopaminergic neurons [13], thiab qee cov tshuaj antioxidants xws li quercetin, curcumin, tshuaj yej polyphenols, thiab lwm yam tau lees paub tias yog dopamine los ntawm cov paj hlwb. Neuronal puas tsuaj muaj kev tiv thaiv pom tseeb [14-16], yog li nws tau cog lus tias yuav tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob.Tus kab mob Parkinsonlos ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav nrog cov tshuaj antioxidant pharmacological.

Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, FRAP tau siv los txheeb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov dej ntawm Fomitopsis Trolox Pinicola, siv (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman)2- carboxylic acid) tau pom tias muaj cov teebmeem antioxidant tseem ceeb. Cov nyhuv anti-inflammatory ntawm aqueous extracts tau kuaj pom yog Pinicolawas Fomitopsis dby lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia tso tsis muaj txoj hauv kev, thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cell viability ntawm cov concentrations hauv qab 100 ug / ml, qhia tias nws yog nyob rau hauv glial hlwb muaj kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb. inflammatory teebmeem thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cell ciaj sia.

Oxidative stress yog hais txog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab tshem tawm cov pa oxygen dawb radicals hauv lub cev. Nws yog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntxov hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm neuronal degeneration-apoptosis. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub paj hlwb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv phospholipids thiab unsaturated fatty acids, ob qho tib si uas raug rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab. Hauv cov neeg mob nrogTus kab mob Parkinson, Malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation Performance index, nyob rau hauv lub striatum yog ho nce, thaum lub concentration ntawm polyunsaturated. fatty acids txo qis [17], cov ntsiab lus ntawm glutathione (GSH) txo qis, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzyme I raug cuam tshuam [18,19]. MPP plus yog ib qho metabolite ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas neurotoxic MPTP hauv lub cev, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov dawb radicals hauv lub cev, inhibit mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi, rhuav tshem DA neurons hauv substantia nigra, thiab tsim cov tsos mob ntawmTus kab mob Parkinsonhauv cov qauv tsiaj. TSIS MUAJ tseem koom nrog hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm MPP ntxiv. Ntau dhau NO diffuses rau hauv DA neurons, uas tuaj yeem nitrosation nrog sulfhydryl site ntawm enzyme thiab inhibit mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzyme I kev ua [20,21].

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no tau pom tias tom qab MPP ntxiv rau kev tsim cov kab mob DA neurons thawj zaug, lub nucleus pom pom tseeb apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm txo qis, thiab ROS ntau lawm tau nce ntau, qhia tias MPP ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau apoptosis ntawm DA neurons los ntawm inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress. aqueous extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola a tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev ntawm dopaminergic neurons tom qab MPP ntxiv rau induction, nce mitochondrial membrane muaj peev xwm, thiab txo ROS ntau lawm, qhia tias dej extract ntawm Fomitopsis Pinicola inhibits kev puas tsuaj ntawm midbrain DA neurons puas los ntawm cov paj hlwb, uas tej zaum yuav yog. muaj feem xyuam rau nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation thiab inhibition ntawm NO ntau lawm, thiab tiv thaiv neurons los ntawm inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative kev nyuaj siab.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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