Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Cov Khoom Tshwj Xeeb Kev Nkag Siab Thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kom Txom Nyem Tsis Txaus Hauv Cov Neeg Mob Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Me Alzheimer's Disease Dementia Part 1
Jun 28, 2024
Abstract
Lub Hom Phiaj: Cov neeg mob uas mob me me Alzheimer's dementia muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau kev nco tsis tseeb dua li cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tias cov neeg mob no tuaj yeem siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse los txhawb kev nco tsis tseeb yog qhov tsis sib xws.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev nco tsis tseeb thiab kev nco yog nyob ze heev. Peb lub hlwb muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev nco, qee qhov tsis raug. Cov kev nco tsis tseeb no tuaj yeem yog vim peb tsis to taub thiab txhais cov xwm txheej lossis tej yam lossis kev ua yuam kev hauv peb lub hlwb. Tiamsis tej kev nco cuav no tsis tau txhais hais tias muaj teeb meem rau peb lub cim xeeb.
Peb lub hlwb yog qhov nyuaj heev thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev nco. Peb lub hlwb tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab tsim kho peb lub cim xeeb tas li kom ua tau zoo dua thiab ua tiav. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv cuav hauv peb lub cim xeeb, nws yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau peb lub cim xeeb, tab sis peb yuav tsum tau kho thiab kho nws tas li. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nco tsis tseeb kuj tuaj yeem pab peb txhim kho peb lub cim xeeb. Thaum peb kho cov kev nco tsis tseeb thiab tsim kom raug, peb lub hlwb yuav tsum tau ua ntau yam kev ua thiab kev hloov kho, uas txhawb peb lub hlwb ua haujlwm thiab txhim kho peb lub cim xeeb.
Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj ntau dhau txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev nco tsis tseeb ntawm peb lub cim xeeb. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, peb yuav tsum nquag fim thiab kho cov kev nco tsis tseeb no thiab ua kom peb lub cim xeeb tas li. Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub cim xeeb los ntawm kev nyeem phau ntawv, koom nrog kev cob qhia kev xav, thiab ua si ntau yam kev nco.
Hauv luv luv, kev nco tsis tseeb tsis cuam tshuam rau peb lub cim xeeb. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lawv tuaj yeem pab peb txhim kho peb lub cim xeeb. Tsuav yog peb nquag ntsib thiab kho cov kev nco tsis tseeb no thiab txhim kho peb lub peev xwm nco ntsoov tas li, peb yuav muaj peev xwm nkag siab txog kev paub thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua thiab tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau peb lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm. Nws pom tau tias peb yuav tsum txhim kho peb lub cim xeeb. Cistanche tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nco tau zoo vim tias nws yog cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav nrog ntau yam tshwj xeeb, ib qho ntawm kev txhim kho kev nco. Cov nyhuv ntawm Cistanche los ntawm ntau yam khoom xyaw uas nws muaj, suav nrog tannic acid, polysaccharides, flavonoid glycosides, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom xyaw no tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv ntau txoj hauv kev.
Nyem paub 10 txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev nco
Txoj kev: Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, peb tau tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev saib xyuas cov lus teb thiab cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb sib sib zog nqus encoding tswv yim, ib leeg thiab hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, kom txo qis kev nco tsis tseeb hauv cov lus teev cov npe paradigm ntawm cov neeg koom nrog me me Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD), amnestic single-domain. Kev paub tsis meej me ntsis (MCI), thiab kev noj qab haus huv muaj hnub nyoog sib xws (OC). Ib lub roj teeb ntawm kev kho mob neuropsychological ntsuas kuj tau tswj hwm.
Cov txiaj ntsig: Txawm hais tias kev siv cov lus teb rau kev saib xyuas ib leeg ua rau txo qis kev ua tau zoo hauv MCI thiab OC pawg, ob qho tib si sib sib zog nqus encoding ib leeg thiab sib sib zog nqus encoding ua ke nrog cov tswv yim kev saib xyuas ua rau txhim kho kev ntxub ntxaug rau ob qho tib si gist nco thiab kev nco txog cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau ob pawg.
Hauv pawg AD, tsuas yog gist nco tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev siv cov tswv yim, txhawb kom sib sib zog nqus encoding ib leeg thiab sib sib zog nqus encoding ua ke nrog cov tswv yim kev saib xyuas; yam khoom tshwj xeeb nco tsis tau zoo dua. Tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv cov tswv yim no thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntsuas neuropsychological tau pom.
Cov lus xaus: Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau tias kev ntsuas ntxiv ntawm cov tswv yim no tau lees paub tias lawv muaj peev xwm txo qis kev cuam tshuam thiab tsis cuam tshuam kev nco thiab ua rau muaj kev nco txog gistmemory thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb hauv cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv thiab cov neeg muaj amnestic MCI.
Cov neeg mob nrog AD tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov tswv yim zoo li no, tseem tuaj yeem siv lawv los txo cov cim xeeb tsis cuam tshuam thiab nce gist nco.
Ntsiab lus
Alzheimer tus kab mob; nco tsis tseeb; kev ua haujlwm; kev txawj ntse zoo; me ntsis kev txawj ntse; nco.
Taw qhia
Kev nco tsis tseeb, kev ntseeg tias cov khoom lossis cov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim ua ntej thaum lawv tsis tau, tshwm sim thoob plaws lub neej, nce hauv kev laus ib txwm muaj, thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv los ntawm cov kab mob neurocognitive xws li Alzheimer's disease (LaVoie, Willoughby, & Faulkner, 2005; Parkin, Bindschaedler. , Harsent, & Metzler, 1996; Schacter, Curran, Galluccio, Milberg, & Bates, 1996).
Txawm li cas los xij qee qhov kev nco tsis tseeb yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb, xws li ntseeg cov khoom noj uas koj nyuam qhuav yuav yog nyob rau ntawm lub rooj noj mov thaum lawv tseem nyob hauv lub tsheb, lwm tus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij, xws li xav tias koj tau tua lub qhov cub thaum koj tsis muaj.
Kev lees paub cov ntaub ntawv kom raug raws li tau ua dhau los yog xav tias yuav ua raws li ob hom ntaub ntawv: yam khoom tshwj xeeb kev nco qab thiab kev nco qab (Reyna & Brainerd, 1995; Schacter, Norman, & Koutstaal, 1998).
Cov khoom tshwj xeeb recollection suav nrog kev rov qab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kev paub dhau los nrog ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb, whereas gist memory yog cov kev paub dav dav qhia los ntawm kev sau los ntawm cov khoom lossis kev paub (Reyna & Brainerd, 1995; Schacter et al., 1998). Cov khoom tshwj xeeb recollection yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hippocampus, thaum lub cim xeeb gist tau pom tias nyob ntawm lub cortex theentorhinal (Souchay & Moulin, 2009).
Lub prototypical kev txawj ntse profile ntawm Alzheimer's kab mob dementia yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv lub cim xeeb episodic uas ua rau txo qis encoding, ceev tsis nco qab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, thiab nce kev nco tsis tseeb (Hildebrandt, Haldenwanger, & Eling, 2009; Weintraub, Wicklund, & Salmon, 201).
Kev koom tes thaum ntxov hippocampal los ntawm Alzheimer'sdisease pathology ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb, ua rau lub cim xeeb tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ua ntej no (Braak, Alafuzoff, Arzberger, Kretzschmar, & Del Tredici, 2006; Budson, Daffner, Defnersi, 2006. 2000).
Ntau qhov kev nco tsis tseeb hauv Alzheimer's tus kab mob tau xav tias yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ob qho tib si kev cia siab rau gistmemory nrog rau kev tsis muaj peev xwm saib xyuas thiab cuam tshuam kev txiav txim siab nco (Abe li al., 2011; Budson, Todman, & Schacter, 2006).
Cov kev nco tsis tseeb tau raug kawm sim siv cov ntawv teev npe (CWL) paradigms (Tat et al., 2016). Nyob rau hauv no paradigm, ib tug neeg koom nrog ib tug series ntawm lo lus teej tug mus rau taxonomic pawg; Txawm li cas los xij, ib lossis ntau tus tswv cuab ntawm pawg neeg tsis tuaj kawm thaum kawm. Piv txwv li, tus neeg tuaj koom yuav raug nthuav tawm nrog cov lus hais txog cov lus (xws li 'pine', 'dogwood', 'willow', 'redwood').
Hauv kev sim nco qab tom qab, tus neeg tuaj koom yuav raug nthuav tawm nrog cov lus kawm yav dhau los (xws li 'pine', 'willow'), cov khoom tsis tau pom ua ntej (xws li 'oak', 'birch'), thiab cov khoom tshiab tsis cuam tshuam (xws li 'nkoj ', 'classical').
Cov neeg koom nrog Alzheimer's tus kab mob qhia qhov nce ntawm qhov tsis lees paub hauv CWLparadigms, yuav yog vim lawv qhov kev cia siab ntawm gist nco (Budson li al., 2000; Budson, Todman, & Schacter, 2006; Tat et al., 2016).
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tib neeg uas muaj Alzheimer's kab mob tau pom los teb 'laus' rau cov lus tsis sib xws ntau ntau dua li cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv, tawm tswv yim rau cov lus teb tsis ncaj ncees (Budson, Wolk, Chong, & Waring, 2006).
Cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse los them nyiaj rau kev nco tsis tseeb thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj uas tshwm sim los ntawm Alzheimer's kab mob tau ua rau muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv vim tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj kho kab mob (Yiannopoulou & Papageorgiou, 2013).
Cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse no feem ntau yog tsom los txhim kho cov khoom tshwj xeeb recollectionor gist nco (Budson, Sitarski, Daffner, & Schacter, 2002; Malone li al., 2019; McCabe, Presmanes, Robertson, & Smith, 2004).Item-specific enco yog ib qho kev nthuav dav, sib sib zog nqus encoding txheej txheem uas tus neeg koom tsim ib lossis ntau qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom kawm los txhim kho semantic, cov ntsiab lus, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb recollection) rau cov khoom (Tat li al.,2016).
Yam khoom tshwj xeeb encoding yuav raug xa mus rau qhov sib sib zog nqus encoding thoob plaws hauv seem ntawm phau ntawv no. Sib sib zog nqus encoding muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb hauv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov laus tswj thiab cov neeg koom nrog kev paub tsis meej tab sis tsis yog ntawm cov neeg koom nrog Alzheimer's kab mob, uas muaj feem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv cov khoom tshwj xeeb (Tat li al., 2016).
Conservative teb yog ib tug nco heuristic nyob rau hauv uas ib tug neeg koom pom zoo ib yam khoom aspreviously ntsib tsuas yog hais tias lawv muaj tseeb ntawm lawv cov kev txiav txim siab (Waring, Chong, Wolk, & Budson, 2008).
Conservative teb tau pom tias yuav txo qis qhov kev lees paub tsis tseeb hauv cov lus teev cov ntsiab lus los ntawm kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv metamemorial uas cov neeg koom nrog ua haujlwm thaum txiav txim siab nco (Deason et al., 2017; Waring et al., 2008).
Kev siv cov lus teb rau kev saib xyuas kuj tau pom los hloov cov ntsiab lus teb ntawm cov neeg koom nrog Alzheimer's tus kab mob, txawm hais tias nws tsis tau pom yav dhau los ua kom lawv cov kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseeb thiab tsis tseeb (Deason et al., 2017; Waring et al., 2008) .
Txawm hais tias kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov laus thiab cov neeg koom nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws me me vim Alzheimer's kab mob tau pom los siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse los txo cov kev nco tsis tseeb hauv cov npe teev npe paradigms (Brueckner & Moritz, 2009; Deason et al., 2017; Tat et al., 2016), Nrog Alzheimer's tus kab mob dementia tau pom tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig lossis tsis sib xws hauv lawv cov kev siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse (Abe li al., 2011; Budson, Dodson, Daffner, & Schacter, 2005; Budson li al., 2002; Pierce, Waring, Scheract, & Budson, 2008). Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib txuas cov tswv yim los txo cov kev nco tsis tseeb hauv cov neeg koom nrog Alzheimer's kab mob ntawm ob qho kev paub tsis meej me me lossis me me dementia theem tseem tsis tau tshawb nrhiav.
Kev txawj ntse ntxiv rau kev nco yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse ntawm cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg uas muaj Alzheimer's disease dementia (Buckner, 2004).
Executivefunction yog conceptualized raws li kev txiav txim siab dua kev txawj ntse lub luag hauj lwm rau kev saib xyuas, hloov, manipulating cov ntaub ntawv, thiab directing xim (Logue & Gould, 2014). Kev ua hauj lwm tau txuam nrog kev siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv cov laus laus noj qab nyob zoo (Bouazzaoui li al., 2010. ; Troyer, Graves, & Cullum, 1994).
Kev sim ua piv txwv qhia cov pov thawj ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab kev saib xyuas lub peev xwm (ob yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm) hauv cov tib neeg uas muaj tus kab mob Alzheimer (Budson, Sullivan, et al., 2002; Flanaganet al., 2016).
Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv cov tswv yim nco tseem tsis tau pom ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj kab mob Alzheimer (Budson, Wolk, Chong, et al., 2006; Deason et al., 2012).
Vim tias kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm yog ib pawg dav (Logue & Gould, 2014), peb tau kwv yees tias qhov tsis muaj lub koom haum ua ntej no yuav cuam tshuam txog cov kev ntsuas ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau suav nrog hauv cov roj teeb ntsuas.
Peb ntseeg tias kev nrhiav cov koom haum zoo li no yog qhov tseem ceeb, kev nkag siab ntau dua ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov thawj coj ua haujlwm thiab kev siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse tuaj yeem qhia cov lus pom zoo thiab kev cuam tshuam rau cov tib neeg uas muaj Alzheimer's thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb tau tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm ob lub tswv yim, kev saib xyuas cov lus teb thiab sib sib zog nqus encoding, ib leeg thiab ua ke, kom txo qis kev nco tsis tseeb hauv CWL paradigmamong cov neeg koom nrog mob Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD), cov neeg koom nrog amnestic single-domain me me kev paub tsis meej (MCI ), thiab kev noj qab haus huv lub hnub nyoog-matched tswj (OC).
Lub roj teeb tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas neuropsychological kuj tau tswj hwm toelucidate uas kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tau cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov tswv yim los txo qhov tsis nco qab.
Peb xav tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg koom nrog kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam zoo rau kev siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse. Peb ntxiv kev xav tias txhua pab pawg neeg tuaj koom yuav siv tau cov tswv yim, ib leeg thiab incombination, kom txo tau qhov tsis nco qab.
Thaum kawg, peb xav tias pawg MCI yuav muaj peev xwm tsawg dua li pawg OC los siv cov tswv yim no los txo cov kev nco tsis tseeb, thiab ADgroup yuav muaj peev xwm tsawg dua li pawg MCI los siv cov tswv yim no los txo cov kev nco tsis tseeb.
Txoj kev
Cov neeg koom nrog
Kaum rau tus neeg koom nrog kev kuaj mob me me ntawm Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD), kaum rau tus neeg koom nrog kev kuaj mob ntawm amnestic ib leeg-domain me me kev paub tsis meej (MCI), thiab kaum rau lub hnub nyoog noj qab haus huv, kev kawm, thiab kev sib deev-matched noj qab haus huv cov laus tswj (OC) tau raug xaiv (Table 1).
Cov neeg koom nrog AD thiab MCI tau raug xaiv los ntawm VA BostonHealthcare System, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, thiab cov chaw kho mob nyob ib puag ncig, thiab kuaj pom los ntawm kws kho mob hlwb (AEB) raws li 2011 NIA-AAdiagnostic cov txheej txheem rau Alzheimer's disease dementitiveia thiab mob me me. al., 2011; McKhann et al., 2011).
Txhua tus neeg koom nrog MCI raug txheeb xyuas tias yog amnestic, ib leeg sau npe, thiab subtype. Cov txheej txheem cais tawm suav nrog: kev nyuaj siab hauv tsev kho mob, kev siv yeeb tshuaj cawv, kab mob cerebrovascular, lossis raug mob hlwb.
Cov neeg koom nrog kuj raug cais tawm yog tias lus Askiv tsis yog lawv hom lus lossis lawv cov qhab nia Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) qis dua 21. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg laus raug cais tawm yog tias lawv muaj keeb kwm ntawm dementia lossis ib qho teeb meem neurodegenerative hauv lawv tus kheej lossis lawv tsev neeg tam sim ntawd. Txhua tus neeg koom nrog muaj qhov zoo li qub lossis kho-rau-ib txwm pom thiab hnov lus. Sau ntawv tso cai tau txais los ntawm txhua tus neeg koom.
Txoj kev tshawb no tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm VA Boston Healthcare System. Txoj kev tshawb no tau ua tiav los ntawm Helsinki Tshaj Tawm. Cov neeg koom tau raug them $10.00 ib teev rau lawv qhov kev koom tes.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev xeem
Txhua tus neeg tuaj koom tau raug kuaj ib leeg ntawm lawv lub tsev lossis VA Boston HealthcareSystem. Txhua tus neeg koom ua tiav plaub zaug, ib zaug rau txhua qhov xwm txheej.
Kev sib tham tau siv sijhawm li ib teev thiab koom nrog peb theem hauv qhov kev txiav txim hauv qab no: kev kawm theem ntawm cov npe ntawm cov npe uas tau nthuav tawm hauv lub khoos phis tawj lub khoos phis tawj, kev paub txog kev nco ntawm cov lus kawm nrog cov lus txuas ntxiv thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov lus tsis sib xws tau piav qhia hauv qab no, thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm nruab nrab. 1 thiab 6 neuropsychological kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kwv yees IQ, nco, kev ceev, lus, thiab kev ua haujlwm.Neuropsychological ntsuas ntawm kev ua haujlwm raug xaiv vim lawv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas, teeb tsa, thiab tswj cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm sau tau yooj yim thiab txheeb xyuas cov neeg koom nrog cov qhab nia. los pab txhawb kev txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo (Delis, Kaplan, Kramer, &Corporation, 2001; Logue & Gould, 2014).
Lub sij hawm rau kev ntsuam xyuas neuropsychological raws li hauv qab no: Ntu 1: Kev Koom Tes los Tsim Kev Sau Npe rau Alzheimer's Disease Word List (CERAD, Becker, Becker, Giacobini, Barton, & Brown, 1997), Trail Making Test Parts A thiab B (Strauss, Sherman . ; Mitrushina, 2005), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-ThirdEdition: Digit Span (WAIS-III Digit Span; Wechsler, 1997) Ntu 2: D-KEFS Color Word Interference Test (D-KEFS; Delis, Kaplan, Kramer, &Corporation, ), Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological StatusDigit Symbol Coding (Randolph, Tierney, Mohr, & Chase, 1998).
Ntu 3: D-KEFS Sorting Test (Card Set 1 only), D-KEFS Verbal Fluency CategorySwitching.
Nqe 4: D-KEFS Nees nkaum nqe lus nug.
Lub khoos phis tawj cov lus sau npe nco ua haujlwm tau tsim los siv E-Prime 2.0 thiab tau nthuav tawm hauv lub khoos phis tawj laptop (Dell Precision M 6700 Core i7 processor, Windows 7, 17.3-inch screen 1920 x 1080 daws teeb meem).
Stimuli cov lus tau raug rho tawm los ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm yav dhau los ntawm cov lus teev npe categorized stimuli (Battig & Montague, 1969; Van Overschelde, Rawson, & Dunlosky, 2004).
Cov lus tau nthuav tawm hauv Arial Unicode MS font loj 48 inblack font rau 3.5 vib nas this nrog lub sijhawm sib cuam tshuam ntawm 0.5 vib nas this ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov npe tib yam.
Ib qho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm 5 vib nas this tau siv los ntawm cov npe kawm. Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, cov neeg koom kawm tau kawm 7 daim ntawv teev npe ntawm 15 cov npe lus Askiv uas muaj feem cuam tshuam thiab raug kuaj ntawm 42 tag nrho cov lus nrog ob yam khoom raug thiab ob qho kev cuam tshuam los ntawm txhua tus ntawm 7 cov npe kawm nrog rau 14 cov lus tshiab uas tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo rau ib qho ntawm txoj kev kawm. cov npe.
Cov lus qhia rau lub khoos phis tawj ua haujlwm tau nyeem nrov nrov los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kawm thiab ib daim ntawv qhia me me tau muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm cov keyboard nrog cov lus qhia hauv cov lus teb rau kev saib xyuas, sib sib zog nqus encoding, thiab cov xwm txheej ua ke.
Cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv tsis muaj lub tswv yim zoo atstudy yog: "Nyeem txhua lo lus kom nrov", thiab nyob rau hauv lub xeem yog: "Koj puas ntseeg tau hais tias lo lus no yog ' qub' los yog 'tshiab'? ".
Nyob rau hauv kev sib sib zog nqus encoding thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke, cov lus qhia kev kawm tau hloov mus rau: "Nyeem txhua lo lus kom nrov. Dab tsi yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom no lossis kev paub ntawm tus kheej uas txawv ntawm lwm cov lus hauv daim ntawv no?".
Nyob rau hauv lub conservative teb thiab ua ke tej yam kev mob, cov lus qhia tau hloov mus rau: "Koj ntseeg li cas lo lus no yog ' qub' los yog 'tshiab'? lo lus no puas yog ' qub' los yog 'tshiab'? 6) Tej zaum nws yog qub "lwm yam hais NEW.". Cov neeg koom ua tiav txoj kev tshawb nrhiav yooj yim ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov theem sim ua ib qho kev cuam tshuam luv luv.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm tshawb fawb tau sau cov lus teb ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom thaum lub sijhawm xeem los ntawm nias cov khawm sib txuas. Cov kev sim thiab kev tshawb fawb cov npe stimuli tau counterbalanced thoob plaws txhua tus neeg koom thiab pab pawg.
Cov txiaj ntsig
Kev Ntsuas Neuropsychological
Kev ntsuas siv los ntsuas tag nrho kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tau muab rau txhua tus neeg koom nrog kev sib tham 1.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub roj teeb no nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm pej xeem los ntawm pawg tau nthuav tawm hauv Cov Lus 1 thiab 2. Ib tus neeg koom nrog OC tsis ua tiav MMSE thaum lub sijhawm xeem tab sis tau txais qhab nia ntawm 30 ntawm Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) hauv 6 lub hlis ntawm thawj zaug. kev sib tham.
Peb tus neeg koom nrog AD tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav Trails Band qhov kev tswj hwm ntawm txoj haujlwm no raug txiav. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau nthuav tawm dav dav tias OCs ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, cov neeg koom nrog MCI ua tau zoo ib yam li OCs tshwj tsis yog CERAD ncua sij hawm rov qab, thiab pawg AD tau pom qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ob pawg MCI thiab OC (Table 2 thiab Supplementary Table 1).
ANOVAs piv rau pab pawg ua yeeb yam ntawm cov kev ntsuas neuropsychological ntawm cov thawj coj ua haujlwm tau nthuav tawm tias pawg MCI ua tau zoo ib yam li pawg OC lossis muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis, thaum pawg AD pom tias muaj kev puas tsuaj piv rau OC thiab MCIgroups (Table 3 thiab Supplementary Table 1).
For more information:1950477648nn@gmail.com
