Kev faib tawm ntawm COVID-19 Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Thiab Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam SARS-CoV-2 Kev Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Cuam Tshuam hauv East Asia thiab Pacific Thaj Chaw: Kev Kawm Ua Qauv

Hu rau: Audrey Hu Whatsapp / hp: 0086 13880143964 Email:audrey.hu@wecistanche.com

Cov ntsiab lus

Keeb kwm

Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev txhawj xeeb uas tshwm sim (VOCs), peb tsom los ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam kev faib cov tswv yim ntawm COVID-19 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li kev tawm tsam kev kis thoob qhov txhia chaw tuaj yeem raug kho raws li cov kev pheej hmoo thiab kev nyiam ntawm kev txiav txim siab hauv East Asia. thiab cheeb tsam Pacific (EAP) los txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo.

Cov txheej txheem

Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tau kwv yees los ntawm titre kev faib tawm ntawm 50 feem pua ​​​​plaque txo qis neutralization test (PRNT50), piv txwv tias PRNT50 titres ntawm thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis los ntawm 2-10 folds vim antibody waning thiab tshwm sim ntawm VOCs, thiab ntxiv koob tshuaj tiv thaiv. yuav nce PRNT50 titres los ntawm 3- lossis 9-fold. Tom qab ntawd peb tau siv tus qauv sib kis ntawm SARS-CoV-2 uas twb muaj lawm los ntsuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tswv yim faib tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog thiab tsis siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov neeg mob cov tsos mob hauv Nyiv, Hong Kong, thiab Nyab Laj.

Kev tshawb pom

Kev nce qib ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev txo qis tag nrho thiab cov neeg mob siab tshaj plaws ntawm COVID-19 mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pej xeem cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg laus muaj tsawg. Muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tsos mob tsuas yog txo qis tag nrho thiab mus pw hauv tsev kho mob siab tshaj li 10-13 feem pua ​​. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntxiv yog nyob ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm VOCs thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tab sis tsawg dua nyob ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv.

Txhais lus

Kev nce qib kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tswv yim faib tawm ntawm COVID-19 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv VOCs, xws li Omicron, hauv cheeb tsam EAP. Kev txhaj tshuaj heterologous nrog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj raws li qhov koob tshuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem raug txiav txim siab thaum npaj cov tswv yim tawm tsam kev kis tus kabmob kis tau zoo raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm EAP txoj cai.

Nyiaj txiag

Health and Medical Research Fund, General Research Fund, AIR@InnoHK

Ntsiab lus

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Kev txhaj tshuaj; Antiviral; Booster txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv; Tiv thaiv kab mob; Antibody waning; Kev faib tawm tswv yim; Kev tawm tsam kis thoob qhov txhia chaw; Variant; Variant ntawm kev txhawj xeeb; VOC; Delta variant; Omicron ntau yam

Kathy Leung,a,b,#,* Mark Jit,a,b,c,d,# Gabriel M Leung,a,b,# and Joseph T Wu a,b,#

ib lub koom haum WHO Collaborating Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, LKS Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Tshuaj, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Tuam Tshoj

b Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, Suav

c Center for Mathematical Modeling of Infectious Diseases, London Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tshuaj Kho Mob, London, UK

d Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK

Taw qhia

Los ntawm kev siv cov kev ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, feem ntau lub tebchaws nyob rau thaj tsam East Asia thiab Pacific (EAP) khaws COVID-19 cov neeg mob thiab cov neeg tuag tsawg dua hauv Asmeskas, Europe, thiab South America xyoo 2020. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txhawj xeeb (VOCs), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov Delta thiab Omicron variants uas kis tau ntau dua thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob ntau dua, hloov qhov kev ua si ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab rau thaj tsam EAP xyoo 2021. Ntau lub tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab hauv EAP tau tawm mus. qab los tsim lossis yuav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv COVID-19 thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Txog thaum nruab nrab Lub Yim Hli 2021, ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Tebchaws Askiv, thiab ntau tshaj li kaum ob lub tebchaws tau nyiaj tau los thiab cov nyiaj tau los nruab nrab nruab nrab tau txhaj tshuaj tag nrho raws li lub sijhawm pib txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (feem ntau nrog ob koob); thaum qhov hloov pauv, tsuas yog 1.2 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov pej xeem hauv cov tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg tau txais tsawg kawg ib koob.1 Molnupiravir thiab Paxlovid, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau tshaj tawm los txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm COVID{15}} pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab tuag los ntawm {{16} } feem pua ​​​​thiab 89 feem pua ​​​​nyob rau theem 2/3 mus sib hais, 2-4 raug nqi US $ 700 ib chav kawm uas txhais tau tias lawv yuav tsis muaj nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov teb chaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab hauv lub sijhawm luv.

cistanche Amway: txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob Cistanche tubulosa ntsiav tshuaj

Tsis tas li ntawd, Delta thiab Omicron tau ua rau muaj kev sib kis loj heev hauv cov neeg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau tshaj 5 thiab nws tau ua rau hu xov tooj ntxiv rau COVID-19 tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li koob thib peb rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau thiab koob thib ob rau qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vectored.{{ 2}} Ntawm ib sab, cov kab mob "tawg" thiab txo qis hauv vitro serum neutralizing cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sijhawm tau pom, 8,10 qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm waning hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob11; Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov neeg tau txhaj tshuaj yog txawm li cas los xij txo qis dua piv rau cov tib neeg tsis tau txhaj tshuaj, qhia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo qis kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab tuag.11-13

Txawm hais tias kev ncaj ncees yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab txog kev noj qab haus huv, EAP txoj cai lij choj yuav muaj ntau yam kev cia siab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vim qhov sib txawv hauv zej zog thiab kev lag luam. Thawj pab pawg tswj hwm, uas tau ua raws li Zero-COVID lossis tshem tawm lub tswv yim kom nruj tswj hwm COVID-19 nyob rau hauv lawv cov ciam teb, suav nrog Suav teb av loj, Hong Kong, Macau, thiab Taiwan. Txoj kev tawm tsam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kev txiav txim siab no: yog tias lawv yuav txo qis kev kis tus kab mob VOCs hauv cov neeg muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev thaum tsis muaj kev ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tag nrho cov neeg tsim nyog tau txais kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug thiab koob tshuaj ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws.14 Pab pawg thib ob ntawm txoj cai lij choj, uas tab tom hloov mus rau txoj kev nyob nrog-COVID, suav nrog Australia, Nyiv, Singapore, Kaus Lim Qab Teb, thiab feem ntau. ntawm cov tebchaws Esxias sab hnub tuaj. Yog tias lawv lub hom phiaj yog kom txo qis COVID-19 mus pw hauv tsev kho mob kom tsis txhob muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntau dhau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv yuav tsis tsim nyog yog tias thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog siab thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob txaus ruaj ntseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj yog nyob ntawm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj, kev faib tawm hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv hauv qab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov pej xeem, kev tshwm sim ntawm VOCs tshiab thiab kev tiv thaiv waning dhau sijhawm.15

Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los soj ntsuam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam kev faib cov tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li kev tawm tsam kev kis thoob qhov txhia chaw tuaj yeem ua raws li cov cai tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo thiab kev nyiam los txhim kho nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev ua tau zoo. Ntawm no, peb tau siv SARS-CoV-2 tus qauv sib kis uas twb muaj lawm los ntsuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj thiab ntxiv cov tswv yim faib tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Peb tau txhais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug raws li kev ua tiav ntawm lub sijhawm pib txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, uas muaj ob koob tshuaj rau feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ib koob tshuaj rau qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau muab tshaj qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug tau txhais tias yog kev txhaj tshuaj ntxiv. Peb xav tias kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug, piv txwv li, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau txhaj tshuaj ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, yuav tsum tau ua qhov tseem ceeb. Muab hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ntau lub teb chaws EAP tau txais los ntawm COVAX pib tsim los ntawm ntau hom, peb tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev txiav txim siab uas feem ntau yog siv 1) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, 2) tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA, 3) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vectored thiab 4) sib xyaw ntawm cov kab mob inactivated / vectored. thiab mRNA tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog thiab tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

cistanche tubolosa ntxiv: txhim kho kev tiv thaiv

Cov txheej txheem

Kev kwv yees qhov txo qis hauv kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv vim muaj VOCs tshwm sim

Tam sim no, peb hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tau siv dav tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob adenovirus vector (piv txwv li AZD1222 los ntawm AstraZeneca), tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA (xws li BNT162b2 los ntawm BioNTech) thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm (xws li CoronaVac los ntawm Sinovac).15,16 Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Kev tshawb fawb ntawm 49 BNT162b2 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab 49 CoronaVac cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv Hong Kong tau pom tias ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb tiv thaiv tus kab mob qub.17 Nyob rau ib hlis tom qab koob thib ob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lub logarithmic ntawm 50 feem pua ​​​​plaque txo qis neutralization test (PRNT. titres ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua raws li kev faib tawm ib txwm muaj, nrog qhov nruab nrab titre tiv thaiv tus kab mob qub ntawm 251.60 (§ 1SD: 146.66 - 431.63) ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BNT162b2 thiab 69.45 (§ 1SD: 28.07 − 171.77 vaccinely).

Txawm hais tias qhov sib piv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv AZD1222 tsis muaj nyob hauv Hong Kong, nws tau tshaj tawm tias qhov nruab nrab titres ntawm tus kab mob pseudo-virus thiab cov kab mob muaj sia nyob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv AZD1222 yog 135-172 thiab 166-261 feem, 18 thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv AZD1222 tiv thaiv tus kab mob thawj zaug dag ntawm CoronaVac thiab BNT162b2 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.19 Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj kev ploj mus, peb xav tias qhov nruab nrab PRNT50 titre tiv thaiv tus kab mob qub ntawm AZD1222 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog 133.852 (§ 2.85), § 2. yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac thiab BNT162b2 hauv qhov teev teev.

Peb xav tias kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txo qis vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob waning thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm VOCs.13,20-23 Kev tshuaj xyuas dav dav ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv ntawm SARS-CoV-2 variants tau nthuav tawm ntau qhov kev txo qis hauv qhov nruab nrab. titres ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yav tas los tsis tau kis, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.5-3.4, 1.6-6.9, 2.3-13.2 thiab 5.{ {14}}.4 folds ntawm kev txo qis hauv neutralization titre rau Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), Beta (B.1.351) thiab Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants, ntau yam los ntawm hom kev sim, pej xeem, thiab lub sijhawm txij li koob thib ob ntawm mRNA cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.10,24-26 Yog li, peb kwv yees cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob (piv txwv li, sm) ntawm VOCs uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis qhov nruab nrab PRNT50 titre theem tawm tsam tus kab mob thawj zaug los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 2, 4, 7, lossis 10 rau qhov kev xav ntawm kev txhawj xeeb (saib Daim Ntawv Ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus).

Qhov kev xav txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas saum toj no kwv yees qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv SARS-CoV-2 kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau xav tias kev tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes, tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv ntau dua los ntawm cov kab mob hnyav dua li ntawm tus mob me lossis asymptomatic. qib yuav tsum muaj txog li 85 feem pua ​​kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kab mob hnyav.28 Tsis tas li ntawd, T cell teb los yog reactivation ntawm lub cim xeeb B cov lus teb kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hnyav.27,29-31 Yog li ntawd, peb xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev txo cov tsos mob thiab kev nkag mus rau hauv tsev kho mob (piv txwv li, ss) yog 25 feem pua ​​​​siab dua sm, piv txwv li, ss=1.25 £ sm thiab poob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 65 feem pua ​​​​thiab 95 feem pua ​​​​rau cov VOCs, muab qhov ntawd muaj tsawg cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev koom tes ntawm T cell teb theem thiab ss. Peb qhov kev xav txog ss tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau dua piv nrog cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam ntawm VOCs uas twb muaj lawm rau feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.21,27 Ib yam li ntawd, peb xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev txo qis kev sib kis yog tias muaj kab mob (xws li, st) yog 20 feem pua ​​qis dua sm, piv txwv li, st=0.8 £ sm, rau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txhawj xeeb, ua raws li cov kev xav zoo sib xws siv los ntawm Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies of the UK.32 Rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, peb xav tias qhov ua tau zoo yog em=0 hauv kev txo qis kev kis kab mob. , thiab=0 hauv kev txo kev kis kab mob yog tias muaj kab mob thiab es=0.5 hauv kev txo cov tsos mob thiab mus pw hauv tsev kho mob vim Molnupiravir thiab Paxlovid tam sim no tsuas yog pom zoo rau cov neeg mob hauv 5 hnub ntawm cov tsos mob tshwm sim.2

Ua qauv faib cov tswv yim ntawm COVID-19 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Peb tau hloov kho cov qauv muaj hnub nyoog uas twb muaj lawm uas muaj tus kab mob kis tau yooj yim-raug tshem tawm ntawm SARS-CoV-2 kis tau tus mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog lub teb chaws- lossis cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov qauv sib cuag los simulate cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (piv txwv li, suav nrog thawj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob) ntawm kis.14,33

Hauv peb qhov kev xav tsis zoo, peb tau ntsuas tus qauv nrog cov pej xeem cov pej xeem thiab cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug txij li 1 Lub Yim Hli 2021 los ntawm Nyij Pooj (cov pej xeem nruab nrab ntawm 39.7 feem pua ​​thiab kev pab them nqi siab ntawm 87.6 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 65 xyoos. los yog siab dua), Hong Kong (cov pejxeem nruab nrab ntawm 44.5 feem pua ​​thiab kev pab them nqi qis ntawm 19 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 70 lossis siab dua) thiab Nyab Laj (cov pej xeem tsis tshua muaj kev pab them nqi ntawm 6.0 feem pua ​​thiab cov kev pab tsawg kawg ntawm cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 65 xyoos lossis siab dua), los ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev faib cov tswv yim (Daim duab S2). Peb txoj cai lij choj yog

raug xaiv los ua piv txwv ntawm cov teb chaws hauv cheeb tsam EAP raws li hom tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj, kev tiv thaiv cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm cov kev pab cuam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (saib Daim Ntawv Ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus).

Tom qab ntawd peb xav tias: 1) 100 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txais BNT162b2 tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv Nyij Pooj, 2) 60 feem pua ​​​​thiab 40 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txais BNT162b2 thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac hauv Hong Kong, thiab 3) 40 feem pua ​​, 30 feem pua ​​​​thiab 30 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BNT122, AZD1222, tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac hauv Nyab Laj. Txij li thaum muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yuav muaj txiaj ntsig qis dua piv nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tib neeg uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (xws li kev faib tawm titre tom qab koob thib peb 34), yog li ntawd, thoob plaws qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam, peb xav tias kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug yuav tsum yog ib txwm muaj. ua ntej thiab txiav txim siab txog cov tswv yim faib tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no (Table 1):

Tswv yim 1: Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tib neeg uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tsuas yog ntau npaum li qhov ua tau (PV)

Xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis kam thiab tsis kam lees, peb xav tias qhov ntau tshaj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yuav ua tiav 70 feem pua, 80 feem pua ​​lossis 90 feem pua ​​​​hauv peb qhov xwm txheej.

Lub tswv yim 2: Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tib neeg uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tsuas yog ntau npaum li qhov ua tau thiab muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob (PV ntxiv rau AR)

Peb xav tias qhov kev pab cuam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau tshaj plaws yuav ua tiav 70 feem pua, 80 feem pua ​​lossis 90 feem pua ​​hauv peb qhov xwm txheej. Peb xav tias 40 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (piv txwv li, ua tiav qhov kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug) thiab 60 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg tsis tau txhaj tshuaj yuav tsim cov tsos mob yog tias lawv kis tau (Table S5), thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav muab rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob.

Lub tswv yim 3: Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov neeg uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, muab tshuaj ntxiv rau tsuas yog AZD1222 lossis CoronaVac cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob cov tsos mob (PV ntxiv rau AV ntxiv rau AR)

Peb xav tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntau tshaj plaws yuav ua tiav 70 feem pua ​​, 80 feem pua ​​​​lossis 90 feem pua ​​​​thiab tias txhua tus AZD1222 / CoronaVac cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txaus siab txhaj tshuaj ntxiv tsis hais hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yuav muab. Peb xav tias PRNT50 titres ntawm AZD1222 / Corona-Vac cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav nce li 3 lossis 9 zaug tom qab txhaj tshuaj ntxiv, uas zoo ib yam nrog cov kev tshawb pom hauv cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob thib peb ntawm AZD1222 / CoronaVac tshuaj tiv thaiv (ie { {10}} folds nce hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv titres thiab T cell teb ntawm AZD1222 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, 7 thiab 3-4 folds nce ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv hnub nyoog 18 txog 59 thiab ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 7 npaug ntawm cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 60 xyoo. lossis siab dua ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac8,35).

Lub tswv yim 4: Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tib neeg uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, muab tshuaj ntxiv rau txhua tus neeg tau txhaj tshuaj nrog PRNT50 titre qis dua li qhov pib, thiab muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob cov tsos mob (PV ntxiv rau xaiv AV ntxiv rau AR)

Ib yam li ntawd, peb xav tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntau tshaj plaws yuav ua tiav 70 feem pua ​​​​, 80 feem pua ​​​​lossis 90 feem pua ​​​​thiab tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txaus siab txhaj tshuaj ntxiv. Peb xav tias PRNT50 titre ntawm BNT162b2 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsawg kawg yuav nce li 3 lossis 9 zaug tom qab txhaj tshuaj ntxiv.34 Cov koob tshuaj ntxiv tsuas yog muab rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog PRNT50 titres qis dua li qhov pib tau teev tseg. Peb tau txiav txim siab txog peb qhov xwm txheej uas qhov koob tshuaj ntxiv yuav muab rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog tus thawj PRNT50 titre qis dua 25.9, 39.9 thiab 74.1, uas sib haum rau qhov kwv yees kwv yees li 50 feem pua, 60 feem pua ​​​​thiab 70 feem pua ​​​​ tiv thaiv tus kab mob thawj.

Lub tswv yim 5: Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tib neeg uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, muab tshuaj ntxiv rau txhua tus neeg tau txhaj tshuaj thiab muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob (PV ntxiv rau universal AV ntxiv rau AR)

Peb xav tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau tshaj plaws yuav ua tiav 70 feem pua, 80 feem pua ​​​​lossis 90 feem pua ​​​​thiab tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau kam txais cov koob tshuaj ntxiv. Peb xav tias ob koob tshuaj ntxiv ntawm homologous thiab heterologous tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv PRNT50 titres, tab sis tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv txwv tam sim no muaj los ntawm cov neeg mob xaiv.36

Kev sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev faib cov tswv yim

Zoo ib yam li peb qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam yav dhau los, 14 peb xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug tau muab faib rau cov tib neeg tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws li cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txij li lub Yim Hli 1, 2021 txog rau thaum cov pej xeem cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tiav 70 feem pua, 80 feem pua ​​​​lossis 90 feem pua ​​​​lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. ntawm ib pawg hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb tau ua tiav 100 feem pua. Tom qab ntawd cov koob tshuaj ntxiv tau muab faib rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab tsib lub tswv yim faib tawm saum toj no. Hauv kev simulation, peb xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav raug faib ncaj qha rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tsos mob uas yuav nrhiav kev kho mob, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob li 50 feem pua ​​(Table 1).

Peb xav tias cov pej xeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, piv txwv li, kev tiv thaiv pej xeem tsuas yog tau txais los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm VOCs, peb xav tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kev yug me nyuam (Re) yog 6 txawm tias muaj kev txwv rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ntsuas kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw (piv txwv li tus naj npawb ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntawm Delta variant tau suav tias yog 6, piv txwv li, » 300 feem pua ​​siab dua tus kab mob thawj strain37).

Tom qab ntawd peb simulated cov kab mob sib kis thiab kwv yees tag nrho cov tsev kho mob thiab cov tsev kho mob siab tshaj plaws txhua hnub. Peb kwv yees tag nrho cov koob tshuaj tiv thaiv uas xav tau rau txhua qhov KEVID{{0}} pw hauv tsev kho mob averted hauv Strategy 1-5 piv nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas twb muaj lawm txij li 1 Lub Yim Hli 2021 (Strategy 0 ). Peb kuj tau kwv yees tus naj npawb ntawm cov koob tshuaj thawj thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau txhua qhov COVID-19 kev nkag mus hauv tsev kho mob averted hauv Strategy 1-5, piv nrog Strategy 0. Lwm qhov kev ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb tau qhia hauv Daim Ntawv Ntxiv.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov peev nyiaj

Cov peev nyiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim qauv, sau cov ntaub ntawv, kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv, kev txhais cov ntaub ntawv, lossis sau ntawv tshaj tawm. Tus kws sau ntawv tau nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hauv txoj kev tshawb no thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm kawg rau kev txiav txim siab xa mus rau kev tshaj tawm.

cistanche ntxiv: txhim kho kev tiv thaiv

Cov txiaj ntsig

Kev txo qis hauv kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob waning thiab VOCs

Peb kwv yees tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv kev txo qis kev kis tus kab mob tsawg zuj zus vim VOCs thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob waning (Daim duab 1): sm ntawm BNT162b2 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txo qis los ntawm 89 feem pua ​​​​rau 84 feem pua ​​, 68 feem pua ​​, 45 feem pua ​​thiab 28 feem pua ​​thaum PRNT50 titre txo. los ntawm 2, 4, 7 thiab 10 folds; sm ntawm AZD1222 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis los ntawm 85 feem pua ​​​​rau 70 feem pua, 41 feem pua ​​, 15 feem pua ​​​​thiab 6 feem pua ​​; thiab sm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac tau txo qis los ntawm 65 feem pua ​​​​rau 42 feem pua, 20 feem pua, 8 feem pua ​​thiab 4 feem pua. Ib yam li ntawd, peb kwv yees st (piv txwv li, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo hauv kev txo qis kev sib kis) tau txo los ntawm 72 feem pua ​​​​mus rau 67 feem pua ​​, 54 feem pua ​​, 36 feem pua ​​, 23 feem pua ​​​​rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BNT162b2, los ntawm 68 feem pua ​​​​rau 56 feem pua, 33 feem pua ​​, 12 feem pua ​​​​thiab 5 feem pua ​​​​rau Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv AZD1222, thiab los ntawm 52 feem pua ​​​​rau 33 feem pua, 16 feem pua, 7 feem pua ​​​​thiab 3 feem pua ​​​​rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac. Rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv kev txo cov tsos mob thiab kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, peb kwv yees ss txo los ntawm 95 feem pua ​​​​rau 95 feem pua ​​, 85 feem pua ​​, 65 feem pua ​​, 65 feem pua ​​​​rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BNT162b2, los ntawm 95 feem pua ​​​​rau 87 feem pua, 65 feem pua, 65 feem pua, 62 Z. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab los ntawm 81 feem pua ​​​​rau 65 feem pua, 65 feem pua, 65 feem pua, 65 feem pua ​​​​rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv CoronaVac. Qhov kev kwv yees siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tau zoo ib yam nrog kev tshawb pom los ntawm kev sim tswj cov ntaub ntawv lossis kev soj ntsuam hauv ntiaj teb tiag txog Alpha thiab Delta variants, 15,38 uas PRNT50 titres tau kwv yees los ntawm 1-4 folds thiab 2-7 folds raws.10

Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev faib cov tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Peb tau soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev faib cov tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv Nyij Pooj, Hong Kong, thiab Nyab Laj (Daim duab 2-4). Raws li kev cia siab, kev nce qib ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev txo qis tag nrho thiab cov naj npawb ntawm COVID-19 pw hauv tsev kho mob hauv Strategy 1-5 (Daim duab 2-4), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pej xeem cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg laus muaj tsawg (Daim duab 2-3).

Hauv Strategy 1, thaum PRNT50 titres tawm tsam VOCs txo los ntawm 4-10 folds (Table 1), nce kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug ntawm 6 feem pua ​​​​rau 70 feem pua, 80 feem pua ​​, 90 feem pua ​​​​txo tag nrho cov tsev kho mob los ntawm 53-62 feem pua ​​, 64-76 feem pua ​​, 64-77 feem pua ​​​​hauv Nyab Laj, thiab cov piv txwv zoo sib xws ntawm 54-68 feem pua ​​, 65- 80 feem pua ​​, 65-82 feem pua ​​​​tau raug txo qis hauv tsev kho mob siab kawg raws li. Ib yam li ntawd, hauv Hong Kong, nce kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug los ntawm 44.5 feem pua ​​​​rau 70 feem pua, 80 feem pua ​​, 90 feem pua ​​​​txo tag nrho cov tsev kho mob los ntawm 15-22 feem pua ​​, 22- 32 feem pua ​​, 52-72 feem pua ​​​​thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws kev pw hauv tsev kho mob txo los ntawm 17-30 feem pua ​​, 24-43 feem pua ​​, 54-78 feem pua ​​​​hauv Strategy 1.

Piv nrog rau Strategy 1, muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv Strategy 2 tsuas yog txo qis tag nrho thiab nce mus pw hauv tsev kho mob los ntawm 10- 13 feem pua ​​thiab 10-12 feem pua ​​​​hauv Nyiv, Hong Kong, thiab Nyab Laj thoob plaws txhua qhov xwm txheej. Raws li kev cia siab, tus naj npawb ntawm kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob averted yuav scale linearly nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (es) thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Thoob plaws Lub Tswvyim 3-5, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntxiv yog nyob ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm VOCs lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob waning. Tag nrho thiab cov tsev kho mob siab tshaj plaws tau nce nrog qhov txo qis hauv PRNT50 titres vim VOCs. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv uas ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv PRNT50 titres yuav tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm Strategy 3 thiab 4: tag nrho thiab ncov mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm tsev kho mob averted ib koob tshuaj tsis sib txawv loj npaum li qhov ntxiv. koob tshuaj nce PRNT50 titres tsawg kawg yog 4 npaug. Qhov kev cuam tshuam loj dua tau xav tau hauv Strategy 5 thaum qhov koob tshuaj ntxiv tau muab thoob ntiaj teb rau txhua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Strategy 5 muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws hauv kev txo qis tag nrho thiab ncov mus pw hauv Nyij Pooj qhov twg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug ntawm cov neeg laus muaj siab (Daim duab 2).

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hnub nyoog sib txawv

Thoob plaws txhua lub tswv yim, tus naj npawb ntawm kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob averted ib txhiab koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txo nrog kev nce ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug los ntawm 70 feem pua ​​​​rau 90 feem pua ​​​​hauv Nyiv (Daim duab 2 thiab daim duab S3) thiab Nyab Laj (Daim duab 3 thiab daim duab S6- S8). Txawm li cas los xij, sib piv rau Nyiv thiab Nyab Laj, tus naj npawb ntawm tsev kho mob tau hloov pauv ib txhiab koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nce ntxiv nrog kev nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug txog 90 feem pua ​​​​hauv Hong Kong (Daim duab 3 thiab daim duab S4-S5), uas tau pib. nrog kev nce qis ntawm cov neeg laus thaum lub Yim Hli 1, 2021.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nce hauv PRNT50 titres tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntxiv hauv Strategy 3-5 yog qhov me me piv nrog cov teebmeem ntawm kev nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov koob tshuaj ntxiv tsis nce PRNT50 titres ntau. Txawm hais tias qhov koob tshuaj ntxiv tau muab thoob plaws rau txhua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov cuam tshuam yog nyob ntawm qhov nce ntawm PRNT50 titres tom qab tau txais cov tshuaj ntxiv tsuas yog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo tau siv dav hauv thawj qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv (Daim duab S3 thiab daim duab S5).

Cov tswv yim tsim nyog raws li qhov nyiam ntawm East Asia thiab Pacific jurisdictions

Lub tswv yim 5, uas tau muab cov koob tshuaj ntxiv thoob ntiaj teb rau txhua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tsos mob, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev txo qis tag nrho thiab ncov mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm VOCs tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. waning hauv PRNT50 titres. Tawm tsam qhov kev hem thawj ntawm Delta thiab Omicron qhov sib txawv, Lub Tswv Yim 5 yuav yog tib txoj kev xaiv rau EAP txoj cai tswjfwm txhawm rau khaws Zero-COVID. Piv txwv li, hauv Hong Kong, qhov siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub nyob hauv tsev kho mob ib txhiab tus pej xeem yog 0.23 yog tias thawj qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nce mus txog 90 feem pua, PRNT50 titres poob los ntawm 4 npaug vim VOCs, tshuaj tua kab mob tau muab rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob, thiab ib qho koob tshuaj ntxiv uas tau nce PRNT50 titres los ntawm 9 folds tau muab universally rau tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (Daim duab 3); thiab qhov no tau txhais mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub hauv tsev kho mob ntawm 1,725, uas yog 4.6 npaug ntau dua li qhov siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub hauv tsev kho mob uas Hong Kong tuaj yeem tswj tau (piv txwv li, cov tsev kho mob siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub hauv Hong Kong yog kwv yees li 375. raws li Table S5). Xws li, txawm tias nrog Lub Tswv Yim 5, qee qhov hloov tau yooj yim thiab luv luv rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ntsuas kev sib raug zoo yuav tsum tau khaws cia thaum lub sijhawm npaj kev tawm tsam kev sib kis.

Txawm li cas los xij, rau EAP jurisdictions aims rau Living-with-COVID, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug nyob rau txhua pab pawg hnub nyoog uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo, Strategy 2-4 tej zaum yuav txaus nrog tsis muaj lossis ob peb koob tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv. Piv txwv li, hauv Nyij Pooj, qhov siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub nyob hauv tsev kho mob ib txhiab tus pej xeem yog 0.15 yog tias thawj qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nce mus txog 90 feem pua, PRNT50 titres poob los ntawm 4 npaug vim VOCs, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau muab rau 50 feem pua. ntawm cov neeg mob symptomatic (Daim duab 2), thiab qhov no txhais tau tsawg dua 3 zaug ntawm lub peev xwm kev noj qab haus huv (Table S5). Muab hais tias Nyiv tau ntsib ntau qhov kev sib kis ntawm cov nthwv dej thiab lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv kuj tseem muaj zog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv tuaj yeem muab rau tsuas yog xaiv pawg ntawm cov pejxeem.

cistanche cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv: txhim kho kev tiv thaiv

Kev sib tham

Peb cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias kev nce qib kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los pab txo qis COVID-19 pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab tuag hauv cov phiaj xwm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau, uas zoo ib yam nrog lwm cov qauv kev tshawb fawb txog EAP lub teb chaws.39-41 Cov teebmeem ntawm Kev nce qib ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg laus qis qis, xws li hauv cov pej xeem hauv Hong Kong, hais tias cov tswv yim faib yuav tsum ua qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv cov pab pawg uas muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws los txo cov kab mob COVID-19 los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau ntxiv qhov cuam tshuam me me hauv kev txo tag nrho thiab kev pw hauv tsev kho mob siab tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias peb qhov zoo xav tias 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob.

Peb qhov kev tshawb pom tau pom tias xaiv muab tshuaj ntxiv rau cov tib neeg uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qis dua, xws li AZD1222 / CoronaVac cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsuas yog hauv Strategy 3 lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog PRNT50 titre qis dua li qhov pib tau teev tseg hauv Strategy 4, ntxiv cov txiaj ntsig tsawg kawg ntawm kev txo tag nrho thiab peak COVID-19 pw hauv tsev kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsawg ntawm cov neeg laus lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo tau siv dav, cov koob tshuaj ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau zoo dua tsuas yog thaum thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tau siab dua (xws li hauv Hong Kong hauv daim duab 3 thiab daim duab S5). Peb cov kev soj ntsuam ntxiv txhawb ntxiv tias kev nce qib kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab yuav tsum tau ua ntej.

Qhov zoo siab, peb pom tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov koob tshuaj ntxiv tau cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm VOCs tab sis tsis tshua muaj nyob ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev ua tau zoo, piv txwv li, qhov nce hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob titres tsim tom qab noj tshuaj ntxiv. Txij li yuav luag tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv COVID-19 muaj ntau ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob titres los ntawm tsawg kawg yog plaub zaug, 34,35,42 txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj, tsuav yog lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb, tuaj yeem yog cov kev xaiv muaj peev xwm thaum npaj cov tswv yim faib.

Raws li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 17, 2021, VOC Omicron tau tshwm sim tshiab tau kis mus rau ntau dua 50 lub teb chaws thiab cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv tau nce sai heev hauv cov tebchaws tau kuaj pom muaj kev sib kis hauv zej zog.1 Cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej qhia tau hais tias, txawm tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peb zaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA. tsim cov qib siab ntawm neutralizing antibodies tiv thaiv Omicron, tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb qhia ib qho tseem ceeb poob rau hauv neutralizing antibody titres piv nrog rau yav dhau los variants xws li Delta.25,43 Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov tswv yim zoo tiv thaiv Omicron, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog heterologous tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab boosters. .

Peb txoj kev tshawb fawb muaj ntau yam kev txwv. Ua ntej, peb cov kev xav txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv VOCs tau ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb titres thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo tshaj tawm hauv Khoury li al.28. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev los kwv yees cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb titres uas tuaj yeem siv tau ua ntej qhov kev kwv yees tiag tiag ntawm VEs tiv thaiv VOCs muaj (xws li thaum VOCs tshiab nrog kev sib kis ntau ntxiv lossis kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog thawj zaug kuaj pom).16 ,23,44 Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv titre-raws li thiab cov tswv yim tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob yuav ua rau muaj kev vam meej nyob ntawm qhov siv tau ntawm peb txoj kev thiab muaj cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsis zoo. Qhov thib ob, peb tsis tau xav txog qhov muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis txaus ntseeg hauv cov neeg sib txawv. Hauv Hong Kong, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsawg ntawm cov neeg laus tsis yog vim muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsawg tab sis feem ntau yog vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg laus uas muaj kab mob sib kis. Txawm li cas los xij rau feem ntau cov tebchaws Esxias sab hnub tuaj hauv cheeb tsam EAP, kev nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug txog 90 feem pua ​​​​yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau lub sijhawm luv. Qhov thib peb, peb tus qauv xav tias cov pej xeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho rau SARS-CoV-2 thiab tsis muaj tus kab mob kis mus rau ua ntej pib kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li kev tshawb fawb. Cov pej xeem uas tau ntsib ntau nthwv dej ntawm COVID-19 yav dhau los yuav tsis xav tau koob tshuaj ntxiv lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no pom tau tias kev kis kab mob ntuj tsim nrog ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv cov tsos mob thiab kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.45 Thaum kawg, peb xav tias txwv kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem thiab kev ntsuas kev sib raug zoo yuav raug tswj xyuas tom qab thawj zaug thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv, thiab tus lej pib muaj txiaj ntsig zoo (Re=6) ntawm VOCs thaum tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev maj mam so ntawm pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ntsuas kev sib raug zoo yuav tawm ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev faib cov tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, peb cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nce qib kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov tswv yim faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tua kab mob suav nrog. Muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 50 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tsos mob yuav tsuas txo tau tag nrho thiab kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob siab tshaj li 15 feem pua. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob heterologous nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li cov koob tshuaj ntxiv, tsuav yog nws muaj kev nyab xeeb, tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib qho kev xaiv muaj peev xwm thaum npaj cov phiaj xwm tawm mus thoob ntiaj teb raws li qhov nyiam ntawm EAP txoj cai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov teb chaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab thiab hauv kev cia siab. ntawm kev tshwm sim ntxiv ntawm VOCs tshiab.

cistanche extract hmoov

Cov ntaub ntawv

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3 Merck. Merck thiab Ridgeback Biotherapeutics muab kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb MOVe-OUT ntawm Molnupiravir, Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Hauv Qhov Ncauj, hauv Cov Neeg Laus Uas Muaj Teeb Meem Nrog Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19. 2021.

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