Terahertz High-resolution Spectroscopy Of Thermal Decomposition Gas Products Of Diabetic Thiab Non-diabetic Blood Plasma Thiab Raum Cov Ncauj Pellet

Hu rau:joanna.jia@wecistanche.com/ WhatsApp: 008618081934791

Abstract

Qhov tseem ceeb:Ib qho ntawm cov qauv niaj hnub no hauv kev kuaj mob kho mob yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem metabolomics, ib txoj hauv kev tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov metabolites uas tuaj yeem yog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kab mob. High-resolution gas spectroscopy tso cai rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov roj metabolite cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov keeb kwm lom neeg. Peb nthuav qhia qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ib txoj hauv kev kawm cov kab mob ntshav qab zib thiab tsis yog ntshav qab zib, npaj ua pellets, los ntawm terahertz (THz) high-resolution spectroscopy.

Hom phiaj:Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog los kawm txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm thermal decomposition gas khoom ntawm cov ntshav qab zib thiab tsis muaj ntshav qab zib kom qhuav.ntshav ntshavthiabcov ntaub so ntswgrau kev nthuav qhia cov txheej txheem roj-cov cim uas qhia txog ntshav qab zib los ntawm THz high-resolution spectroscopy method.

Txoj kev:Peb nthuav qhia txoj hauv kev los kawm txog ntshav qab zib thiab tsis yog ntshav qab zibntshav ntshav(neeg thiab nas) thiabcov ntaub so ntswg(nas), siv high-resolution spectroscopy raws li qhov tsis-stationary nyhuv ntawm THz zaus. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov ntshav thiab raum cov ntaub so ntswg kuaj raws li pellets thiab vaporizing cov qauv tau tsim.

Cov txiaj ntsig:Kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib hloov nqus nqus spectra ntawm vapors ntawm cua sov cov pellets npaj los ntawm cov ntshav thiabcov ntaub so ntswgtau ua nyob rau hauv 118 mus rau 178 GHz zaus ntau. Cov kab nqus tau pom nyob rau hauv spectra ntawm cov qauv vapors tau kuaj pom thiab txheeb xyuas. Cov ntsiab lus molecular ntawm thermal decomposition khoom sib txawv rau cov qauv uas tsis yog mob ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav qab zib; Piv txwv li, cov cim tseem ceeb yog acetone tshwm sim hauv cov ntshav qab zib (tib neeg thiab nas) thiab hauv cov ntshav qab zibcov ntaub so ntswg.

Cov ntsiab lus xaus: Peb daim ntawv qhia txog lub peev xwm los txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus metabolite ntawm cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev ntsuas kab mob rau cov tshuaj kho mob. © Tus Sau. Tshaj tawm los ntawm SPIE raws li Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Kev faib tawm lossis kev tsim tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm no tag nrho lossis ib feem yuav tsum muaj tag nrho cov khoom siv ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm, suav nrog nws DOI. [DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.26.4.043008] Keywords: high-resolution terahertz spectroscopy; thermal decomposition; ntaub so ntswg;ntshav ntshav; ntshav qab zib; lyophilization.

Ntsiab lus:high-resolution terahertz spectroscopy; thermal decomposition; ntshav plasma; ntshav qab zib; lyophilization, lub raum cov ntaub so ntswg.

cistanche kev paub

1 Kev Taw Qhia

Niaj hnub no, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb hauv kev sib raug zoo (mob ntshav qab zib, kab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam), suav nrog cov theem pib, nyiam cov neeg nyiam ntawm cov pab pawg tshawb fawb hauv ntiaj teb.Ib txoj hauv kev tshiab qhib qhov muaj peev xwm tshiab hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kho ntau yam kab mob yog metabolomics. Metabolomics yog ib thaj chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb uas tshawb xyuas qhov kawg thiab nruab nrab cov khoom lag luam metabolic ntawm cov kab mob lom (cell, kab mob, lossis tag nrho cov kab mob). Cov kab mob metabolomics tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov metabolites uas tuaj yeem yog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kabmob thiab tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kev kuaj mob rau tus kabmob. Cov xov xwm, uas muaj cov khoom siv metabolic kawg thiab nruab nrab hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nthuav tawm cov metabolites cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob thiab pathologies, yog exhaled ua pa, ntshav, zis, qaub ncaug, thiab lwm yam.

Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb hauv zej zog uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej zoo ntawm tib neeg yog ntshav qab zib. Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hom 2 yav dhau los yog kab mob ntawm cov hnub nyoog nruab nrab, tab sis tam sim no nws tau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg laus, hluas, thiab menyuam yaus. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntshav thiab cov zis ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 18 thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 1 txog 13 xyoos tau nthuav tawm hauv Human Metabolome Database (HMDB).1 Feem ntau, ntshav (21 tshuaj lom neeg suav nrog isomers), zis ( 30 tshuaj lom neeg suav nrog isomers), thiab cerebrospinal kua (1 tshuaj lom neeg) raug tshawb xyuas. Piv txwv li, (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid tau kuaj pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho peb hom kua. Qee cov tshuaj (acetoacetic acid, D-fructose, thiab D-glucose) tau kuaj pom hauv cov kua (ntshav thiab zis). Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib ntau dua (acetone, CH3COCH3) tau tshwm sim rau cov zis nkaus xwb. Cov qauv ua kua, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau nthuav tawm hauv HMDB, tau tshawb xyuas los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev - roj chromatography; 2 roj chromatography nrog huab hwm coj-spectrometry; 3,4 roj-kua chromatography nrog huab hwm coj-spectrometry; 5 high-resolution spectroscopy ntawm nuclear proton magnetic resonance; 6 thiab txoj kev siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib lub xeev kev saib xyuas, kev soj ntsuam cov piam thaj tas li.7

Kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob raum ntev yog ib qho teeb meem loj ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm glycated albumin yog ib txoj hauv kev rau kev tshuaj ntsuam, lub raum puas yuav pib ntev ua ntej kev kho mob tseem ceeb hauv cov zis albumin tshwm sim. Xav txog qhov multifactorial pathogenesis ntawm cov kab mob raum ntev, ntau yam cim tau raug txiav txim siab rau nws qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam.8,9 Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov kev kuaj mob tsis muaj raum biopsy tshwm sim tsis ntseeg.

Txoj hauv kev spectroscopic tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev kuaj mob. Qhov ntau zaus ntawm terahertz (THz) yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev kawm cov pa roj, kua, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Muaj qee qhov kev tshuaj xyuas mob siab rau kev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm THz zaus ntau yam, suav nrog THz lub sij hawm-domain spectroscopy, THz reflectometry, thiab THz imaging rau biology thiab tshuaj.10

THz lub sij hawm-domain spectroscopy tso cai rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov spectrum, qhov twg qhov nqus coefficient lossis qhov ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam muaj qee qhov spectral nta cuam tshuam nrog qee qhov biomolecules (proteins, qab zib, thiab lwm yam) hauv cov qauv lossis lawv ntau qhov concentrations.11

Molecular absorption spectroscopy thiab tshwj xeeb THz gas spectroscopy yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov roj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau lub hauv paus chiv keeb.12 Cov qauv hauv cov kua thiab cov khoom muaj zog tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas los ntawm vaporing lossis thermal decomposition. Cov kab mob metabolites-cov cim ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb hauv zej zog (mob ntshav qab zib, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm nws cov kab spectral nyob rau hauv qhov nqus spectra nqa tawm ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob los ntawm cov qauv roj.

Cov theem ntawm acetone hauv cov qauv ntawm exhaled ua pa thiab tso zis los ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib (12 tus neeg) tau ntsuas siv lub terahertz ntau yam spectrometer nrog rau theem-hloov keying ntawm cov hluav taws xob ua yeeb yam. Cov kev sim tau ua tiav hauv kev koom tes nrog Almazov National Medical Research Center. Cov kev ntsuas tau ua tiav ntawm cov kab nqus acetone nrog lub hauv nruab nrab zaus ntawm 150.537 thiab 151.647 GHz. Kev ntsuas tau ua tiav yam tsis muaj cua sov. Kev soj ntsuam ib txhij ntawm cov qauv ntawm exhaled ua pa thiab tso zis ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau qhia tias qib acetone hauv cov zis ntau dua li qhov ua pa tawm, qee qhov kev txiav txim siab ntau dua.13,14

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm THz high-resolution gas spectroscopy tshawb xyuas ntawmntshav ntshavntawm cov neeg mob thiab nas (zoo li mob thiab muaj ntshav qab zib) nrog rau cov nascov ntaub so ntswg(kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj ntshav qab zib) qhuav thiab nias rau pellets raug nthuav tawm. Cov ntaub so ntswg los yogntshav ntshavntawm cov kab mob nyob, yam tsis muaj kev npaj, yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas tam sim tom qab kuaj. Kev npaj ua pellets tso cai rau kev tshawb nrhiav tom qab lub sijhawm ntev txaus tom qab kuaj ntshav lossis raum biopsy.

2 Kev sim thiab txheej txheem

2.1 Txoj kev npaj cov ntshav plasma pellets thiab raum pellets

Cov ntshav venous los ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab cov neeg koom nrog kev noj qab haus huv tau sau tseg ntawm Endocrinology Department ntawm Almazov National Medical Research Center; lub chaw muab kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Peb tus neeg mob thiab ob tus neeg koom yog txiv neej, muaj hnub nyoog sib npaug (39 txog 43 xyoos). Tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev sim siv hauv qhov kev tshawb nrhiav no tau raug tshuaj xyuas thiab pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg mob thiab cov neeg koom nrog thiab Pab Pawg Siv Lub Chaw Kho Mob. Cov ntshav venous tau sau thaum sawv ntxov tom qab 8 mus rau 12 teev ntawm kev yoo mov hauv lub raj nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob K3EDTA (Vacutes Kima, Ltalis). Plasma tau txais rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm biochemical tsis tau los ntawm centrifugation ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav ntawm 3000 rpm rau 15 min nyob rau hauv ib tug kuaj centrifuge (Eppendorf 5702R, lub teb chaws Yelemees) ntawm ib tug kub ntawm þ4 degree. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm biochemical parameters ntawmntshav ntshavCov qauv thiab cov sijhawm siv tau raug nthuav tawm hauv Table 1 (qib glycated hemoglobin tau txais ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav). Daim duab 1 qhia tau hais tias qhov concentration ntawm qabzib, triglycerides, thiab glycated hemoglobin hauv cov qauv ntawm tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau nce 1.5, 2, thiab 2.3 zaug, raws li.

Txoj kev tshawb no kuj tau ua nrog Wistar txiv neej nas thaum muaj hnub nyoog 8 lub lis piam thiab hnyav 180 mus rau 200 g, raws li txoj cai ntawm kev sim kev tshawb fawb pom zoo los ntawm Tsiaj Saib Xyuas thiab Siv Commission ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshuaj Almazov National Medical Research Center. Cov piam thaj hauv cov tsiaj ntawm pawg sim yog 21 mmol ∕ l tom qab 120 min tom qab cov piam thaj load. Cov nas tsis huv tau siv los ua pawg tswj hwm. Cov ntshav venous tau sau los ntawm inferior vena cava ua ntej tsiaj raug euthanized. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub raum tau sau. Cov ntshav kuaj tau sau rau hauv cov raj uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulant.

Cov qauv kuaj tau khov ntawm qhov kub ntawm -80 degree (tsawg-kub tub yees DW-86L388A, Haier, Tuam Tshoj). Tom qab ntawd nws tau lyophilized los ntawm khov-qhuav Vaco 2 (ZirBus, Lub teb chaws Yelemees) ntawm qhov kub ntawm -50 degree thiab lub siab ntawm 3 Pa. Kev khov yog nqa tawm ua ntej lyophilization txij li thaum, thaum lub sij hawm lyophilization nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm sab hauv siab, lom Cheebtsam muaj peev xwm. raug puas tsuaj. Cov qauv qhuav yog ib daim txhuam cev uas muaj cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Daim txhuam cev tau raug rhuav tshem los ntawm cov hlau spatula thiab crushed rau cov muaju nrog qhov loj ntawm ntau kaum ntawm micrometers. Kev siv cov mortar thiab pestle yog tsis yooj yim sua, txij li thaum sib tsoo cov proteins nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qauv yuav ua rau lawv pliaj adhesion thiab tsim ntawm puag ncig granules.

Cov lyophilized cov qauv hmoov tau hnyav (kev ntsuas qhov sib npaug OHAUS Discovery, Switzerland) thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv cov hlau xovxwm pwm. Siv lub chaw soj ntsuam presses (Angkor, Russia thiab Specac, UK) ntawm ib tug tej yam molding siab, lubntshav ntshavpellets thiab raum pellets tau txais. Txhua lub pob zeb ntawm cov pellets muaj qee feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov rog (triglycerides), cov proteins (albumin), thiab fibrinogen - txhua tus ntawm lawv li qub lossis glycated (hauv cov mob ntshav qab zib). Cov pellets ntawm cov qauv los ntawm pawg tswj hwm hauv qab no yog hu ua "tsis yog mob ntshav qab zib pellet" thiab cov pellets ntawm cov qauv ntawm covpab pawg neeg mob ntshav qab zib hauv qab no yog hu ua "diabetic pellet."

2.2 THz High-Resolution Spectroscopy Experimental Setup

High-resolution THz spectroscopy raws li cov teebmeem tsis-stationary tso cai rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov pa roj thiab vapor multicomponent gas sib tov. Spectrometers muab rhiab heev ze rau qhov theoretical txwv nrog kev daws teeb meem tsuas yog los ntawm Doppler nyhuv thiab tuaj yeem sau cov txheej txheem ceev. Qhov rhiab heev yog khaws cia txawm tias muaj qhov txo qis hauv cov pa roj ntau heev thiab yog kwv yees li 0.2 ppb nyob rau hauv hom scanning rau qee cov pa roj (xws li ammonia ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov nqus kab ze ntawm qhov zaus ntawm 572 GHz). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov roj sib tov nrog kev ntseeg siab.12 Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv thermal decomposition ntawm pellets tau ua tiav siv cov txheej txheem ntawm THz uas tsis yog-stationary gas spectroscopy ntawm 118 txog 178 GHz ntau yam. Lub spectrometer siv lub voj voog kaw rau theem tsis siv neeg tswj qhov zaus ntawm lub teeb rov qab yoj lub teeb thiab theem hloov, sau npe nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm-domain, qhov nruab nrab, thiab ua tiav ntawm cov teeb liab spectroscopic hloov. Cov cuab yeej sau npe lub teeb liab hauv lub sijhawm. Cov qauv 'vapor raug tshuaj xyuas siv cov txheej txheem hauv qab no. Cov pellets tau muab tso rau hauv lub raj ntsuas, siv lub tshuab nqus tsev twj, maj mam ua kom sov lub raj ntsuas (txog 240 degree) thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom thermal decomposition ntawm cov qauv raug tso rau hauv lub ntsuas ntsuas. Cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg ntawm ib qho kev xaiv lossis ntawm tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub spectrometer. Yog li, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau los ntawm cov kab nqus tau tshwm sim hauv tag nrho cov qauv ntawm cov qauv thiab cov dynamics ntawm cov concentrations nyob rau hauv ib qho sib tov tuaj yeem taug qab los ntawm kev sib piv ob peb cov ntaub ntawv. Cov khoom raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav hauv qhov chaw qhib MW, mmw, thiab THz databases.15,16

3 Ntshav Plasma Vapors thiab raum Vapors Analysis nrog Kev Siv Siab-Resolution Terahertz Spectrometer

Nrog peb cov THz-TDS systems, peb ntsuas pellets kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv lub spectral ntau ntawm 0.2 mus rau 1.4 THz, 17 tab sis peb paub hais tias biomolecules thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws decomposition khoom nyob rau hauv lub gas xeev muaj cov lus teb (rotational absorption spectra) ntawm cov zaus no thiab qis dua, yog li peb tau ua ib qho kev kawm ntxiv ntawm THz high-resolution gas spectrometer. Kev kuaj pom cov kab nqus ntawm cov tshuaj hauv tib neeg mob ntshav qab zibntshav ntshavcoincide nrog cov khoom ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj ntshav qab zibntshav ntshav, tshwj tsis yog rau acetone. Muaj ntau txoj kab nqus ntawm acetone dag nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntau zaus ntawm spectrometer (118 txog 178 GHz). Feem ntau, nws yog ntau tshaj qhov txaus los xyuas qee cov kab nqus ntawm ib yam khoom rau kev txiav txim siab tsis meej ntawm cov khoom muaj nyob hauv cov roj sib xyaw ua ke. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev kaw qhov chaw ntawm qhov nqus spectra nrog txoj kab nqus ntawm acetone yog qhia hauv daim duab 1. Acetone tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov ntshav thaum muaj carbohydrate metabolism tsis zoo. Raws li tau sau tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj -OH-butyrate thiab acetoacetate, tab sis tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj no decomposed rau hauv acetone thiab carbon dioxide.18 Cov pa roj carbon dioxide tsis muaj lub sijhawm dipole; yog li ntawd, nws tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hloov. Nws cov ntsiab lus nce tuaj yeem tshawb pom tsuas yog los ntawm kev kawm qhov vibrational spectrum ntawm tus qauv hauv IR ntau.

Cov tshuaj plasma vapor, xws li carbonyl sulfide (OCS), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formic acid (HCOOH), isocyanic acid (HNCO), thiab ammonia (NH3), tau kuaj pom hauv tib neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab tib neeg cov qauv tsis yog ntshav qab zib. Qee qhov xwm txheej, muaj ib txoj kab kev sim kuaj pom nyob rau hauv spectra ntawm cov qauv coj mus rau ntau cov kab ntau dua li ib qho rau ib yam khoom (xws li, isocyanic acid) hauv cov ntaub ntawv catalog (saib Table 2).15,16

Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov catalogs muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov qauv hyperfine ntawm cov khoom uas tsis raug daws hauv qhov kev sim no vim tias cov kab muaj qhov dav dav ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ntau pua kHz. Cov kab kev nqus tau ntawm cov tshuaj tau tshawb pom coincide nrog kev nqus spectrum ntawm vapors ntawm cov ntshav capillary thiabntshav ntshavntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg koom nrog kev noj qab haus huv uas tau luam tawm hauv peb txoj haujlwm dhau los.19 Cov khoom siv roj ntsha tuaj yeem tsim tau thaum lub sijhawm ua qauv ua cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj hloov pauv ntawm cov amino acids. Cov lus nug ntawm seb cov tebchaw no puas yog tus nqi kuaj mob yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas. Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj no tseem tsis tau siv.

Cov vapors ntawmntshav ntshavntawm cov nas noj qab nyob zoo muaj carbonyl sulfide (OCS), methanethiol (CH3SH), butyronitrile (C3H7CN), acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), thiab formic acid (HCOOH). Cov qauv ntawmntshav ntshavCov nas mob ntshav qab zib tau sib txawv los ntawm qhov muaj acetone. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kab nqus ntawm propionitrile (C2H5CN), methyl formate (CH3OCHO) tau kuaj pom.

Cov vapors kuaj ntawm cov pellets qhuav ntawm cov nas noj qab haus huv thiab mob ntshav qab zib 'cov ntaub so ntswgtau kawm. Cov vapors ntawmcov ntaub so ntswgntawm cov nas noj qab nyob zoo muaj carbonyl sulfide (OCS), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formic acid (HCOOH), isocyanic acid (HNCO), ethyl formate (C2H5OCHO), thiab propylene glycol (CH2ðOHÞCHðOHÞCH3). Cov ntsiab lus vapor ntawm cov kab mob ntshav qab zib nascov ntaub so ntswgtau txawv ntawm cov nas noj qab haus huv los ntawm qhov muaj tsis tsuas yog carbonyl sulfide (OCS) tab sis kuj nws isotopologue OCS-34. Cov acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), methanethiol (CH3SH), ethylene sulfide (C2H4S), methanol (CH3OH), thiab glycolaldehyde (CH2ðOHÞCHO) kuj raug kuaj pom nyob rau hauv vapors ntawm ib tug pellet ntawm tus kab mob nas.cov ntaub so ntswg(saib daim duab 2 thiab daim duab 3).

Lub xub ntiag ntawm sulfur compounds, xws li methanethiol, tej zaum yuav raug teev los ntawm thermal decomposition ntawm sulfur amino acids (methionine, cysteine, thiab cystine) nyob rau hauv cov ntshav protein muaj pes tsawg leeg. Methionine yog ib qho tseem ceeb amino acid uas tsis yog synthesized nyob rau hauv tib neeg kab mob. Nws yog tau los ntawm cov zaub mov thiab yog ib qhov chaw ntawm leej faj rau cysteine ​​biosynthesis. Thaum cov sulfur amino acids tau ua kom kub txog li 240 degree, methanethiol thiab ethylene sulfide (methionine decomposition) tau kuaj pom nyob rau hauv qhov loj spectrum ntawm cov tshuaj no.20

4 Kev xaus

Cov ntsiab lus molecular ntawm tib neeg thiab nasntshav ntshavthiab ratcov ntaub so ntswgThaum lub sij hawm thermal decomposition ntawm cov qauv tau kawm siv THz high-resolution spectrometer. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov tshuaj lom neeg raws li pellets tau nthuav tawm. Txoj kev no muab qhov muaj peev xwm khaws cia thiab thauj cov qauv. Lub high-resolution gas spectroscopy tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm multicomponent gas mixs ntawm tej keeb kwm, nrog rau cov kab mob lom nrog cov kab mob ntawm cov roj Cheebtsam. Acetone tau kuaj pom hauv cov ntshav qab zibntshav ntshavcov qauv. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntshav qab zib thiab noj qab nyob zoontshav ntshavntawm cov txiv neej thiab nas thiab mob ntshav qab zib thiab noj qab nyob zoo nascov ntaub so ntswgtau txais los ntawm kev nqus rotational spectra ntawm vapors. Kev siv THz high-resolution spectroscopy muab kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov ntshav vapors thiabcov ntaub so ntswgpellets. Muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov kev kwv yees ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav qab zib cov roj-cov cim nyob ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov neeg mob.yuav tsum tau kawm hauv kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv.