Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Thiab Daim Ntawv Thov hauv Fingerprint Technology Ntawm Suav Materia Medica

Abstract:Suav materia medica (CMM)ntiv tes thev naus laus zis yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb, paub qhov txawv ntawm hom, thiab xyuas kom meej thiab ruaj khov ntawm CMM. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm niaj hnub analytical technology, CMM fingerprint technology yog dav siv thiab pom zoo nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm zoo Cheebtsam, zoo tswj, thiabqhia txog suav tshuaj. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog ntawmcov ntiv tes lom lomntawm CMM thiab chemical fingerprints ntawm CMM (xws li IR, UV, NMR, electro-chemical method, TLC, HPLC, GC, thiab CEP) thiab cov txheej txheem suav cov ntaub ntawv hauv peb lub xyoos tau raug sau tseg hauv kab lus no. Lub caij no, kev taw qhia thiab kev cia siab ntawm CMM ntiv tes thev naus laus zis tau tham txog.

Ntsiab lus: Suav cov khoom siv kho mob; ntiv tes; zoo tivthaiv;kev tswj kom zoo; kev txheeb xyuas ntawm Suav materia medica

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Ob peb lub xyoo dhau los, qhov kev thov rau cov tshuaj suav tshuaj (TCM) thiab nws cov kev npaj tau loj hlob sai thoob ntiaj teb, thiab nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb los ntsuas thiab xyuas kom lawv cov khoom zoo. Txij li thaum TCM muaj ntau cov tshuaj complex, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tebchaw, thiab cov tebchaw no feem ntau muaj synergistic teebmeem nyob rau hauv kev kho mob, yog li kev tswj zoo ntawm TCM yog ntau nyuaj tshaj li cov tshuaj hluavtaws. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm TCM thiab nws cov kev npaj [1]. TCM ntiv tes thev naus laus zis yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm TCM, txheeb xyuas nws qhov tseeb, paub qhov txawv ntawm hom, thiab xyuas kom nws qhov sib xws thiab ruaj khov.TCM ntiv tesmuab faib ua cov tshuaj ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv tes lom neeg. Chemical fingerprints yog spectra lossis chromatograms tau los ntawm kev ntsuas ntau yam tshuaj ntawm TCM. Cov txheej txheem analytical sib xws muaj xws li infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electrochemical method, nyias txheej chromatography,high-performance kua chromatography, gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, thiab lwm yam. [2]; Cov cim ntiv tes lom neeg feem ntau yog siv los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov noob tawg ntawm TCM.

Daim ntawv no tsuas yog sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj ntiv tes thiab cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog hauv peb lub xyoos dhau los thiab sib tham txog nws txoj kev txhim kho thiab kev cia siab.

1 Tshuaj ntiv tes

1.1 Spectral ntiv tes

1.1.1 Infrared spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy siv lub infrared nqus zaus ntawmmolecular functional pawgnyob rau hauv cov tebchaw los soj ntsuam cov qauv. Txoj kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas no yuav tsum tau hloov pauv cov qauv qauv thiab muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ceev, yooj yim, thiab tsis tshua muaj nqi kuaj [3]. Txawm li cas los xij, infrared spectroscopy qhia cov spectrum ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj, thiab infrared spectra yog additive, yog li cov qauv no tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau txoj kev tsom xam. Nws muaj me ntsis tshwj xeeb rau tsoos suav tshuaj nrog complex Cheebtsam. Nws yog tam sim no siv los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj xws li toad roj, coptis hauv paus, hlaws, thiab kev npaj ua ke.

Wang et al. [4] siv Fourier hloov pauv infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) ua ke nrog thib ob derivative infrared spectroscopy (SD-IR) thiab ob-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy (2D-IR) los tsim ntau kauj ruam infrared macro-ntiv tes raws li lub hauv paus ncov. Kev sib xyaw thev naus laus zis thiab spectral correlation coefficient los saib xyuas cov kev hloov pauv ntawm flavonoids, saponins, suab thaj, glycyrrhizin thiab ammonium glycyrrhizinate thaum lub sij hawm sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj Cheebtsam ntawm Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem nthuav tawm sai thiab nthuav dav cov kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub sijhawm sib cais ntawm licorice. Ma et al. [5] tau tsim FT-IR thiab 2D-IR ntiv tes ntawm Panaxnotogeinseng (Burk.) FH Chen, uas tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas peb hom kev ceev ceev.Panax notoginseng20T, 60T, thiab 120T. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas yooj yim tsis meej pem cov tshuaj suav tshuaj. Chen Long et al. [6] siv nyob ze infrared spectroscopy ua ke nrog X-ray diffraction thiab EDTA titration los soj ntsuam yim hom carbonate-muaj cov ntxhia hauv Suav tshuaj, suav nrog Nanhanshui pob zeb, stalactite, pob zeb nqos, pob zeb roob ris, pob zeb paj, calamine, ntses hlwb pob zeb, thiab goose cev pob zeb. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov yam ntxwv spectral bands ntawm carbonates yog 6070-5000 cm-1 thiab 4800-4050 cm-1, ntawm cov uas lub ncov ntawm calcium carbonate tau txiav txim siab yog 4275 cm{{ 11}} ib. Txoj kev no muab cov tswv yim tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj ntxhia. Xu et al. [7] siv FT-IR ua ke nrog SD-IR thiab 2D-IR los tsim kom muaj ntau kauj ruam infrared macroscopic ntiv tes tsom xam ntawm Coptis chinensis Franch. Los ntawm kev sib piv lub ncov siab ntawm nws cov peaks thiab ntau yam peaks, ntau yam khoom ua tiav thiab cov khoom sib txawv ntawm Coptis chinensis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas sai thiab txawv.

Yang Wenzhe et al. [8] siv ze-infrared spectroscopy ua ke nrog kev tsom xam cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb (PCA) los tshuaj xyuas tsib marine shellfish suav tshuaj:Ostrea rivularis Gould, pob zeb cassia osmanthus Haliotis diversicolor Reeve, niam-ntawm-pearl Hyriopsis cumingii (Lea), clamshell Cyclina sinensis (Gmelin), thiab Arca subcrenata Lischke. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias txoj kev no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm oysters, pob zeb cassia osmanthus, thiab niam-ntawm-pearl zoo heev. Txij li thaum txoj kev sib raug zoo thiab lub plhaub qauv ntawm corrugated clamshell zoo sib xws, nws tsis tuaj yeem sib txawv, tab sis ob qho khoom siv tshuaj no tau pom meej meej los ntawm lwm yam peb cov khoom siv tshuaj. Yan et al. [9] siv FT-IR ua ke nrog SD-IR thiab 2D-IR los ua infrared spectroscopy txheeb xyuas ntawm Lonicera Japonica thiab Flos Lonicerae Confusae. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias muaj qhov sib txawv pom tseeb ntawm ob ntawm 1 078, 1 050, 988, 923, 855, 815, thiab 781 cm−1. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv los ua cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm Lonicera Japonica.

1.1.2 Ultraviolet spectroscopy

Ultraviolet spectroscopy yog ib qho spectrum tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm valence electrons hauv molecules. Nws tso siab rau txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov nqus siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub spectrum thiab qhov nqus nqus ntawm qhov nqus spectrum los txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov qauv. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev muaj zog practicality, txhim khu kev qha rhiab heev, tsis muaj kuab paug, thiab zoo reproducibility [10]. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no kuj muaj kev txwv. Txij li thaum nws tsuas tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov nqus ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj, nws tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj hauv Suav cov khoom siv tshuaj, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem suav cov khoom siv tshuaj suav suav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhov kev ua yuam kev ntau feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tshooj ntawm kev nqus peaks ntawm coexisting tshuaj.

Huang Tau et al. [11] tsim cov ntiv tes ultraviolet ntawm chloroform, roj av ether, dej thiab anhydrous ethanol rho tawm ntawm Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., ntsig txog. Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem kev ntsuas kev ntsuas ob ntu, los ntawm kev sib piv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov spectrum, nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov qauv Pinellia los ntawm 19 lub hauv paus sib txawv. Zhong Gui et al. [12] siv UV ntiv tes ua ke nrog ib feem tsawg kawg qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ntxub ntxaug (PLS-DA) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas Panax japonicas CA Mey.var. loj (Burk.) CY Wu thiab KM Feng los ntawm txawv keeb kwm. Cov txiaj ntsig kev soj ntsuam pom tau hais tias txawm hais tias qhov nqus nqus wavelengths ntawm cov yam ntxwv nqus siab siab ntawm Panax japonicas los ntawm ntau lub hauv paus chiv keeb zoo sib xws, qhov siab siv zog sib txawv. Kev siv lub ncov tuaj yeem siv tau los paub qhov txawv ntawm Panax japonicas los ntawm ntau lub hauv paus chiv keeb. Zuo Xu et al. [13] piv cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws ntawm UV ntiv tes nrog qhov pib hauv qhov kev sim ntawm kev sib xyaw buckwheat hmoov Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias thaum qhov pib ntawm buckwheat hmoov tsawg dua 95%, tus nqi zoo sib xws yuav hloov pauv ntau. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim, tsis tshua muaj nqi thiab ceev txoj kev los txheeb xyuas qhov zoo stability ntawm buckwheat hmoov.

1.1.3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy yog ib qho spectrum tsim los ntawm lub zog hloov pauv ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb atomic nucleus thaum nws nqus cov xov tooj cua zaus hluav taws xob hauv qhov chaw sib nqus. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm singleness, comprehensiveness, yam ntxwv thiab quantitativeness. Raws li cov qauv kev rho tawm thiab kev sib cais, muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm nuclear magnetic resonance spectra thiab cog hom, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau confuse lawv [14]. Txoj kev no txiav txim siab cov qauv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj feem cuam tshuam hauv cov tshuaj suav tshuaj los ntawm kev tau txais cov tsis xws li proton lossis carbon chemical hloov, tus naj npawb ntawm resonance peaks, thiab txheeb ze siv los ntawm 1H-NMR lossis 13C-NMR spectra, thiab feem ntau siv tau rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj suav tshuaj.

Farag et al. [15] siv 1D thiab 2D nuclear magnetic resonance thev naus laus zis los tsim cov ntiv tes ntawm cov khoom siv raw ntawm Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del., thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm fenugreek alkaloids (uas muaj qhov pom tseeb hypoglycemic cuam tshuam) thawj zaug, uas tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. kev xaiv tshiab rau kev kho mob ntshav qab zib. Huang Tau et al. [16] tsim 1H-NMR ntiv tes ntawm Eucommia ulmoides Oilv., thiab siv NMR titration thiab JRES ob-dimensional NMR spectroscopy los sau tsib yam khoom muaj nyob hauv nws, uas yog chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, terrestrin, quercetin, thiab astragaloside, muab ib tug tshiab txhais tau tias rau kev tswj zoo ntawm Eucommia ulmoides. Petrakis et al. [17] ua NMR hydrogen spectrum tsom xam ntawm Crocus sativus L. thiab ib qho piv txwv sib xyaw ntawm Crocus sativus L. deev nrog 20% ​​ntawm Crocus stamens, safflower, turmeric, thiab gardenia, thiab tsim ib tug 1H-NMR ntiv tes. PCA, orthogonal ib feem tsawg squares cais cais (OPLS-DA), thiab O2PLS-DA tau siv los ua kom pom tseeb tias qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov saffron tiag tiag thiab cov saffron saffron muaj tsawg heev. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv los ua cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo kom paub qhov txawv ntawm saffron zoo. Qu Tingli et al. [18] siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus resonance los tsim 1H-NMR ntiv tes ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj Astragalus thiab txheeb xyuas 25 cov metabolites thawj thiab theem nrab uas muaj nyob rau hauv Astragalus txhaj. Ua ke nrog cov ntsiab lus txheeb ze thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo sib xws, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 8 pawg ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj Astragalus tau txheeb xyuas, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua tus qauv ntsuas zoo rau kev txhaj tshuaj Astragalus.