Xyoo Tshiab, New SARS-CoV-2 Variant: Resolutions On Genomic Surveillance Protocols To Face Omicron

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Qhov tshwm sim ntawm SARS-CoV-2 variants nrog txhim kho kev sib kis thiab ib nrabtiv thaiv kab mobkev khiav tawm (tseem hu ua Variants of Concern, VOC) tau qhia txog lub xyoo thib ob ntawm COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw. Kev soj ntsuam genomic tso cai rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov zais cia, cov kab mob nrawm nrawm thiab VOCs ua ntej lawv dhau los ua kev hem thawj rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv. Lub koom haum Chilean Public Health (Instituto de Salud Publica, ISP) tau coj SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance teg num hauv Chile. Siv cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas, ISP tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia txog VOCs thiab qhia lawv qhov kev sib kis thiab kev hloov pauv kos npe, ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv zos ntawm kev sib kis.1

cistanche propiedades: ib nrabtiv thaiv kab mobkhiav tawm

Raws li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 17, 2021, Omicron VOC tau tshwm sim sai sai tau kis mus rau 89 lub teb chaws, suav nrog Chile.2 Txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21, ISP tau txheeb xyuas 119 tus qauv ua Omicron. Ntawm cov no, 118 sib raug rau cov neeg tuaj txog ntawm lub tshav dav hlau SCL thiab ib qho mus rau kev sib kis hauv zej zog (Daim duab 1a, b). Txawm hais tias Omicron cov yam ntxwv kis mob tseem nyob hauv kev kawm, cov ntawv tshaj tawm tam sim no qhia ob qhov tseeb txaus ntshai: Ua ntej, Omicron muaj kev khiav tawm ntau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog li ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rov kis mob thiab kis kab mob.

cistanche salsa cov txiaj ntsig

Tshwj xeeb,Omicron lub cev tsis muaj zogKev khiav tawm yuav txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau 35 feem pua ​​​​thiab 73 feem pua ​​​​rau 2x tshuaj tiv thaiv tshiab thiab txhawb cov tib neeg, raws li kev xav txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA (Pfifiser-BioNTech's BNT162b2). Kev khiav tawm yog ntau dua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab BNT162b2 hauv cov tib neeg tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Sinovac tag nrho, CoronaVac.4,5 Txawm hais tias txij li Lub Ib Hlis 9, 2022, 86.6 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg Chilean tau txhaj tshuaj tag nrho thiab 60.5. feem pua ​​​​tau txais koob tshuaj txhaj tshuaj 6 (Daim duab 1c), feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj sib raug rau CoronaVac (55.3 feem pua) ua raws li BNT162b2 (36.4 feem pua, feem ntau booster), 7 yog li pheej hmoo rau lwm nthwv dej.4

Cov tshuaj anthocyanin thiab cistanche ntxiv

Thib ob, pib thiab thaum tsis muaj NPIs tshiab, Omicron tau mus txog lub sijhawm ob npaug ntawm 1.5- 3 hnub, 8 yog li kis sai dua Delta VOC. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tau piav qhia zoo dua los ntawm Omicron qhov davtiv thaiv kab mobkev khiav tawm es tsis yog qhov nce hauv qhov pib kis tau tus mob.9 Yog li ntawd, NPIs nruj dua tuaj yeem txo qhov kev sib kis. Txawm hais tias kev tiv thaiv kev kawm hnyav zoo li tseem nyob rau Omicron kab mob, qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm cov pej xeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav xav tau kev sim thiab cais tawm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev paub txog kev txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab qhov sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm kev soj ntsuam genomic.

Txawm hais tias kev soj ntsuam genomic muab cov duab ntawm cov kab sib txawv thiab lawv cov kev hloov pauv, nws txoj kev ntseeg siab nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv kev cai. Hauv qab no, peb nthuav tawm cov lus pom zoo rau genomic surveillance10 rau hauv plaub txoj cai yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab rau cov qauv qauv zoo rau SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance: CARD cov cai:

1. Kev sib koom ua ke: Kev siv zog los ntawm cov koom haum sib txawv yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv nruab nrab thiab sib koom ua ke kom tsis txhob muaj kev xaiv tsis ncaj ncees, ua kom muaj kev sawv cev, ua kom zoo tshaj qhov kev faib peev txheej, thiab ua qauv qauv raws cai. Lub koom haum no tseem yuav tsum ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov qauv kev cai, uas yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv genome rau GISAID.

2. Adaptive: Sequencing intensity yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv los muab kev daws teeb meem zoo dua thaum qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab tau teeb tsa ntawm POEs thiab kuaj pom hauv zej zog kev sib kis thiab txo qis rau nws tus nqi hauv paus thaum muaj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev ua li ntawd, cov neeg tsim cai tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau (cf. Daim duab 1d).

3. Tus Neeg Sawv Cev: Cov qauv coj mus kuaj yuav tsum tau ntes qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, tsom mus rau cov pab pawg neeg sib txawv, suav txog qhov muaj peev xwm sib tsoo (xws li, piv txwv li cov tsos mob, lossis cov neeg tsis tau txhaj tshuaj, lossis los ntawm tib txoj kab sib kis), thiab sib npaug rau qhov xwm txheej tam sim no. tuav tus sawv cev. Hauv cov teb chaws xws li Chile, qhov chaw hauv nroog tau faib me me, cov neeg sawv cev yuav tsum tau lees paub hauv cheeb tsam.

4. Qhov sib txawv: Cov qauv sau los ntawm (i) cov ntsiab lus nkag (POEs) thiab (ii) cov chaw soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam thiab tshuaj xyuas nyias, vim lawv ua haujlwm sib txawv. Thaum kuaj pom muaj kev hem thawj tshiab ntawm POEs, cov qauv hauv zej zog yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv kom qhov kev hloov pauv sai ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tau raug raug ntes.

Txij li thaum peb twb tau kuaj pom Omicron hauv zej zog sib kis, Chilean cov neeg tsim cai yuav tsum hloov kho qhov nruj ntawm cov tshuaj tsis yog tshuaj los tiv thaiv nws txoj kev sib kis thaum muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mRNA rau cov feem loj ntawm cov pejxeem.11 Nyob rau theem no, kev soj ntsuam genomic tseem ceeb heev rau kev npaj thiab cov neeg tsim cai. yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog tsom mus nthwv dej tab sis kuj kawm los ntawm nws. Ua ke, peb muaj peev xwm ua tiav ntau dua yog tias peb ua si peb CARDs txoj cai.

txhim kho kev tiv thaiv nrogtshuaj ntsuab

Cov ntaub ntawv

1 Or ostica KY, Contreras S, Mohr SB, et al. Mutational signatures and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma and Lambda variants. arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.10018. 2021.

2 Viana R, Moyo S, Amoako DG, et al. Kev nthuav dav sai ntawm SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant nyob rau sab qab teb Africa. Xwm. 2022.

3 Cele S, Jackson L, Khoury DS, et al. Omicron feem ntau tab sis ua tsis tiav los ntawm Pfifiser BNT162b2 neutralization. Xwm. 2021.

4 Perez-Then E, Lucas C, Monteiro VS, et al. Immunogenicity ntawm heterologous BNT162b2 booster nyob rau hauv cov tib neeg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tag nrho nrog CoronaVac tiv thaiv SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta thiab Omicron: Dominican Republic Experience. medRxiv. 2021.

5 Lu L, Mok BW, Chen L, et al. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by sera from BNT162b2 or Coronavac vaccine recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2021: Ciab 1041.

6 Mathieu E, Ritchie H, Ortiz-Ospina E, et al. Cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv COVID-19. Nat Hum Behav. 2021:1–7.

7 168 degree informe epidemiologico, informe incidencia y gravedad de Casos covid-19 segun antecedentes de Vacunacion e informe Estra tegia Nacional de Tta [Internet]. Departamento de Estadisticas thiab Informacion de Salud. [Siv rau 2022 Lub Ib Hlis 13].

8 Torjesen I. Covid txwv nruj raws li Omicron cov neeg mob ob zaug txhua ob mus rau peb hnub. BMJ. 2021; 375:n3051

9 Lyngse FP, Mortensen LH, Denwood MJ, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Omi cron VOC transmission in Danish tsev neeg. medRxiv. 2021 Nov.

10 Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Kev taw qhia rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm SARS CoV-2 variants. Kev taw qhia ib ntus. [Internet] 9 Lub Yim Hli 2021.

11 Bauer S, Contreras S, Dehning J, et al. Kev txwv tsis pub so ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kom muaj kev ywj pheej thiab tiv thaiv ntxiv rau COVID-19 nthwv dej. PLoS Comput Bio. 2021; 17:(9) e1009288