Multidirectional Activity Of Bakuchiol Tawm tsam Cellular Mechanisms Of Facial Aging - Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Ntaub Ntawv Rau Ib Txoj Kev Kho Mob Holistic Part 2

Antioxidative zog

Electron spin resonance tau siv los soj ntsuam AP ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, uas yog kev daws teeb meem ntawm 1 ppm vitamin C txhais tau tias yog 1 AU. Retinol muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev (2.59min) dua li bakuchiol (0.99min) lossis vitamin C (0.24min) qhia txog qhov txo qis ntawm retinol nrog cov dawb radicals. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiaj ntsig wc tau pom tias bakuchiol (0.028mg) muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog dawb radicals piv rau retinol (0.151mg). Ob tus yam ntxwv no ua rau tus nqi AP ntawm 12 125AU rau bakuchiol thiab 848AU rau retinol (Daim duab 2b).

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Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm (ii) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol, peb txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm proinflammatory cytokines PGE2 thiab MIF.

Glycoside ntawm cistanche tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv plawv thiab daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm lipofuscin thiab MDA hauv txhua cov ntaub so ntswg, tshem tawm ntau yam reactive oxygen radicals (OH-, H₂O₂, thiab lwm yam) thiab tiv thaiv DNA puas. los ntawm OH-radicals. Cistanche phenylethanoid glycosides muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, muaj peev xwm txo tau ntau dua li cov vitamin C, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv cov phev ncua, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA, thiab muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov phev ua haujlwm. Cistanche polysaccharides tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm SOD thiab GSH-Px hauv erythrocytes thiab ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas senescent sim los ntawm D-galactose, nrog rau txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA thiab collagen hauv lub ntsws thiab ntshav, thiab nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm elastin, muaj Cov nyhuv scavenging zoo ntawm DPPH, ncua lub sijhawm ntawm hypoxia hauv cov nas senescent, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv cov ntshav, thiab ncua lub physiological degeneration ntawm lub ntsws hauv kev sim cov nas nrog cellular morphological degeneration, kev sim tau pom tias Cistanche muaj peev xwm antioxidant zoo. thiab muaj peev xwm los ua ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, echinacoside hauv Cistanche muaj lub peev xwm tseem ceeb los tshem tawm DPPH dawb radicals thiab tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pa oxygen reactive, tiv thaiv dawb radical-induced collagen degradation, thiab kuj muaj kev kho zoo ntawm thymine dawb radical anion puas.

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PGE2 qib

Prostaglandin E2 qib ntawm LPS-kho HDFs tau nce siab heev txheeb ze rau kev tswj tsis tau kho (p=0.0005) qhia tau tias muaj kev ntxhov siab induction (Daim duab 2c). Raws li qhov xav tau, cov kws tshuaj muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws diclofenac ua rau txo qis PGE2 qib hauv LPS-kho HDFs piv rau kev tswj kev ntxhov siab (p=0.0005). Hauv LPS- thiab bakuchiol-kho cov hlwb, PGE2 qib tau txo qis heev txheeb ze rau HDFs tsuas yog kho nrog LPS (p=0.0005 rau txhua qhov qhia tau hais). Kev thov ntawm retinol ntawm cov concentrations sib npaug los yog siab dua 2.5 μM kuj tseem txo qis PGE2 theem ntawm kev tswj kev ntxhov siab (2.5 μM: p=0.0024; 5 thiab 10 μM: p=0.0005).

MIF protein ntau

Raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim duab 2d, kev tswj hwm kev ntxhov siab HDF tau pom muaj qhov nce ntxiv hauv MIF cov protein ntau txheeb ze rau kev tswj tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab (p=0.0020) ua kom pom kev ntxhov siab induction. Kev kho mob ntawm HDFs ntxhov siab nrog bakuchiol ua rau txo qis MIF protein ntau ntau (1 μM: p=0.0020; 10 μM: p=0.0039) piv rau kev tswj kev ntxhov siab. Daim ntawv thov ntawm retinol kuj txo qis MIF protein ntau ntau (1 thiab 10 μM: p=0.0020).

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes

Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm (iii) kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes, FGF7 protein ntau thiab WST-1 metabolization raug ntsuas.

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm FGF7 protein ntau

Kev kho mob ntawm HDFs nrog 10 μM bakuchiol nce qib FGF7 protein ntau txheeb ze rau kev tswj cov hlwb (p=0.0396), thaum 10 μM retinol tsis pom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo (Daim duab 3a).

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm WST-1 metabolization

Raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim duab 3b, triton-X txo qis WST-1 qib metabolization hauv HDFs txheeb ze rau kev tswj cov hlwb (p = 0.0000) qhia txog kev siv qhov ntsuas kom raug. HDFs kho nrog 1 thiab 10 μM bakuchiol tso tawm ntau ntxiv WST-1 metabolization theem piv rau cov tswj (p=0.0000 rau ob qho tib si concentrations). Kev kho mob nrog 1 μM retinol kuj ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm WST-1 metabolization theem (p = 0.0066) txheeb ze rau kev tswj cov hlwb, thaum 10 μM retinol tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Kev nthuav qhia ntawm ECM Cheebtsam

Txhawm rau ntsuas bakuchiol- thiab retinol-mediated los ntawm kev qhia ntawm (iv) ECM cov khoom, peb txiav txim siab COL7A1, COL1A1, thiab FN protein qhia.

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm COL7A1 thiab COL1A1 qib protein

COL7A1 cov protein ntau hauv cov hlwb kho nrog tus qauv siab TGF- thiab sodium ascorbate tau nce siab dua cov txheeb ze rau cov hlwb (4 h: p=0.0020, 72 lossis 96h: p=0.0010) raws li pom hauv daim duab 3c. Kev kho cov hlwb nrog bakuchiol los yog retinol nyob rau hauv ib tug concentration ntawm 1 μM (p=0.0020 rau ob qho tib si xeem tshuaj) thiab 10 μM (bakuchiol: p=0.0195, retinol: p=0 .0059) augmented COL7A1 protein ntau ntau lawm tom qab 4 h piv rau kev tswj. Tom qab ncua sij hawm incubation, HDFs stimulated nrog 10 μM bakuchiol los yog retinol kuj pom ib qho tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv COL7A1 protein ntau ntau (bakuchiol: p=0.0029, retinol: p=0.0420) txheeb ze rau tswj hlwb .

HDFs kho nrog tus qauv siab TGF- thiab sodium ascorbate ntxiv tau pom qhov nce ntxiv hauv COL1A1 protein ntau (p=0.0010) raws li qhia hauv daim duab 3d. Ib yam li ntawd, COL1A1 cov protein ntau tau nce ntxiv tom qab 4 teev ntawm kev txhawb nqa nrog bakuchiol (1 μM: p=0.0020, 10 μM: p=0.0322) lossis retinol (1 μM: p {{16). }}.0244, 10 μM: p=0.0098) txheeb ze tswj cov hlwb.

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm FN protein ntau

Daim duab 3e piav qhia tias HDFs kho nrog 10 μM bakuchiol los yog retinol pom tau tias muaj kev nce qib ntawm FN protein ntau (bakuchiol: p=0.0090, retinol: p=0.0302) txheeb ze rau kev tswj cov hlwb.

Kawm I: Ex vivo kev txiav txim siab ntawm FN protein ntau ntau

Ib qho kev tshawb fawb ex vivo tau ua los tshawb xyuas seb cov ntaub ntawv yav dhau los txhais ua ex vivo cov txiaj ntsig. Raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim duab 4a, cov chaw kho mob bakuchiol tau pom qhov nce ntxiv ntawm FN protein ntau hauv cov chaw tswj tsis tau kho (p=0.0340) thiab thaj chaw kho tsheb (p=0.0088). Cov chaw kho mob Retinol pom tsis muaj kev hloov pauv loj ntawm FN protein ntau hauv cov chaw tsis kho lossis kho tsheb. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ua rau muaj tsawg dua ntawm cov kev sim tshuaj retinol (tsis kho: n=26, tsheb: n=29, bakuchiol: n=30, retinol: n=19 ). Qhov sib txawv me me ntxiv hauv cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv xeem tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov teeb meem piv txwv.

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Kev txhim kho ntawm epidermal regeneration thiab re-epithelization

Txhawm rau kawm txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm (v) epidermal regeneration thiab re-epithelization, ib qho qauv hauv vitro kho mob tau siv. Daim duab 4b piav qhia tias qhov mob bakuchiol-kho qhov txhab tau pom tias muaj qhov nce ntxiv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov kab mob rov ua dua tshiab txog kev kho tsis tau (p=0.0251) thiab tswj qhov txhab (p=0.0102). Hauv qhov sib piv, qhov txhab ntxiv nrog retinol pom tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv loj ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov epidermis rov ua dua piv rau ob qho tib si tswj. Daim duab 4c ua piv txwv txog kev nce qib ntawm qhov txhab kho 43h tom qab kev kho mob bakuchiol lossis retinol nrog rau kev tswj thiab tsis kho qhov txhab.

Kawm II: Hauv vivo kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev txhim kho daim tawv nqaij

Tom qab 12 lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob nrog bakuchiol-muaj formulation (t1), cov neeg kawm (n=34) ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hluas ntawm lawv cov tawv nqaij mus rau qhov kev txiav txim hauv paus (t0) nrog lub ntsiab lus t 1-t0 tus nqi ntawm 2.57 ± 2.14. Piv rau t1-t0 tus nqi ntawm qhov chaw kho tsheb (2.06 ± 1.89), cov hluas ntawm thaj chaw kho bakuchiol tau ntsuas raws li kev txhim kho zoo (p=0.0275 ). Ob qho kev kho mob tau ntsuas tau zoo dua li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus (p=0.0000).

Hauv vivo kev tshawb fawb: Tolerability

Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias bakuchiol-muaj cov qauv hauv ob qho tib si hauv vivo kev tshawb fawb tau raug zam zoo. Tshaj tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm kev siv, ib qho kev tsis zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij tau pom, uas tau sau tseg rau ob qho tib si bakuchiol-muaj formulation thiab lub tsheb. Tom qab kev kho mob nrog retinol-muaj formulations nyob rau hauv Txoj Kev Kawm I, 23 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov vaj huam sib luag ntawm 52 cov kev kawm tau qhia txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb xws li erythema, desquamation, dryness, thiab khaus, uas ua rau poob ntawm tsib yam kev kawm.

Kev sib tham

Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia tias bakuchiol ua haujlwm ua haujlwm zoo ntawm retinol [19-21]. Bakuchiol, yog li, zoo li yog ib qho kev cog lus rau retinol rau kev kho mob ntawm lub ntsej muag. Raws li cellular aging yog multifactorial, peb tshawb xyuas cov teebmeem ntawm bakuchiol hauv kev sib piv rau retinol ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb sib txawv los txheeb xyuas nws lub peev xwm rau txoj kev kho holistic.

Raws li tau piav qhia hauv (Table S1), peb tau txiav txim siab qhov (i) antioxidative thiab (ii) anti-inflammatory peev xwm ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol. Peb tau soj ntsuam ntxiv tias lawv cuam tshuam li cas (iii) kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes, cuam tshuam rau kev tsim ntawm (iv) ECM cov khoom, thiab (v) daim tawv nqaij rov tsim dua tshiab. Hauv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav, peb tau txiav txim siab tias bakuchiol sib koom ua haujlwm zoo sib xws nrog retinol thiab tib lub sijhawm ua pov thawj tshwj xeeb, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo (Daim duab 5).

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Peb cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias bakuchiol tab sis tsis yog retinol pom lub siab (i) antioxidative muaj peev xwm thiab lub zog. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog ua raws li cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los qhia tias bakuchiol txo oxidative kev nyuaj siab, tiv thaiv mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, thiab tiv thaiv mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi [22, 24, 38]. Txawm li cas los xij, Retinol tsis tau tshaj tawm tias siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative.

Raws li qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ROS ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, peb tau tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm kev qhia ntawm ob (ii) proinflammatory cytokines PGE2 thiab MIF.

Peb thawj zaug soj ntsuam PGE2, uas yog ib qho loj prostaglandin tsim nyob rau hauv tib neeg daim tawv nqaij. PGE2 txo cov collagen ntau lawm thiab induces matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) qhia hauv fibroblasts hauv vitro [39]. Cov PGE2- cov txheej txheem kho kom haum xeeb yog cov txheej txheem kev laus tawv nqaij [39]. Yog li, kev tsom mus rau PGE2 tej zaum yuav yog lub tswv yim zoo los tawm tsam cov hnub nyoog cuam tshuam nrog collagen depletion [40]. Feem ntau, qhov tsawg ntawm PGE2 yog synthesized. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv daim tawv nqaij laus, fibroblasts qhia siab PGE2 qib [40, 41]. Ntawm no, peb qhia thawj zaug tias bakuchiol thiab retinol txo qis PGE2 qib hauv HDFs hauv kev siv tshuaj raws li kev zam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyhuv cuam tshuam los ntawm retinol tau hais tsawg dua los ntawm bakuchiol. Peb cov txiaj ntsig tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los uas siv cov qauv hauv vivo o uas siv cov bakuchiol txo qis PGE2 cov ntsiab lus hauv arachidonic acid-induced teb [42]. Ib yam li ntawd, cov tshuaj retinoids tau pom tias inhibit PGE2 qhia hauv tib neeg lub qhov ncauj epithelial hlwb [43] thiab hauv tib neeg lub qhov ncauj squamous carcinoma cells [44].

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MIF yog lwm qhov proinflammatory cytokine uas tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv ntau yam kabmob nrog rau daim tawv nqaij [45]. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm tes, angiogenesis, thiab kev sib txawv [46]. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev yees duab, UVA thiab UVB irradiation nce MIF secretion los ntawm keratinocytes thiab dermal fibroblasts [46, 47]. Urschitz et al. tshaj tawm ib 4-fold upregulation ntawm MIF mRNA nyob rau hauv photoaged preauricular daim tawv nqaij [48]. Peb cov txiaj ntsig tau pom qhov tseem ceeb, zoo ib yam txo qis ntawm MIF protein ntau hauv HDFs raug ntxias los ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tseeb tiag, nws tau raug pov thawj los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los uas bakuchiol tawm tsam kev ua phem [19, 25– 27, 38]. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm ntawm MIF protein ntau los ntawm bakuchiol lossis retinol tseem tsis tau sau tseg.

Txawm hais tias PGE2 thiab MIF yog ob qho tib si nce hauv cov laus laus [46, 49], lawv cov kev cai tshwm sim los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, bakuchiol- thiab retinol-induced txo qis ntawm ob qho tib si sawv cev rau kev siv dav dav hauv kev kho mob antiageing.

Oxidative thiab inflammatory kev ntxhov siab ua rau lub peev xwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj kev pheej hmoo loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cutaneous regeneration diminishes nrog lub hnub nyoog. Yog li ntawd, peb tau tshawb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas (iii) kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes.

Keratinocytes tau npaj los txhawb cov fibroblasts los tsim cov khoom loj hlob, uas, dhau los, txhawb nqa keratinocyte proliferation hauv ob qho tib si paracrine [50]. Qhov loj hlob zoo FGF7 yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm xws li mitogen [51]. Nws kuj tseem hu ua keratinocyte kev loj hlob yam tseem ceeb -1 [51] thiab txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm keratinocytes [52] nrog rau lawv cov kev cuam tshuam nrog ECM cov khoom [53]. Peb txoj kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias bakuchiol-kho HDFs pom tau tias nce qib FGF7 protein ntau. Hauv qhov sib piv, FGF7 protein ntau tau txo qis me ntsis los ntawm kev kho retinol. Qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab no qhia tau hais tias bakuchiol tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev tsim kho ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kho cov txheej txheem los ntawm ncaj qha upregulating keratinocytes thiab indirectly nce fibroblast proliferation. Bakuchiol yog li ua rau kev poob qis ntawm qhov kev loj hlob theem uas tshwm sim thaum laus [54].

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm rov tsim dua ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov txo qis hauv hnub nyoog ntawm tus lej [55] thiab kev loj hlob [56] ntawm dermal fibroblasts. Txij li thaum muaj kev nce hauv WST-1 metabolism qhia tau hais tias muaj kev vam meej ntawm tes [57], proliferation [58], thiab metabolic kev ua si [59], peb soj ntsuam WST-1 metabolization tom qab siv bakuchiol lossis retinol. Peb cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias bakuchiol thiab rau qee qhov kuj tseem muaj cov retinol tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes ntawm HDFs.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog kev txo qis ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes, cov tawv nqaij laus yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm collagen thiab lwm yam ECM cov ntsiab lus nrog rau kev nthuav qhia MMP augmented [60-65]. Cov kev hloov pauv no ua rau ECM puas tsuaj, cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij ua haujlwm, thiab tom qab tsim wrinkles. Peb xav tias qhov ua kom muaj zog fibroblast thiab txo qis PGE2 thiab MIF theem kho los ntawm bakuchiol tuaj yeem txhawb ECM cov khoom. Tseeb tiag, Chaudhuri thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tau pom tias bakuchiol upregulates COL1A1 ntawm cov noob thiab cov protein ntau [19]. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm ECM ntawm HDFs, peb tau txheeb xyuas cov protein qhia ntawm (iv) cov qauv ECM yam COL1A1 thiab COL7A1 thiab ECM adhesion factor FN.

COL1A1 yog cov protein ntau tshaj plaws hauv daim tawv nqaij [66]. Txawm li cas los xij, cov laus fibroblasts pom qhov txo qis rau collagen synthesis [67]. COL7A1 cov ntaub ntawv anchoring fibrils nyob rau hauv dermo-epidermal junctions thiab txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab tawv nqaij stability [68]. Thaum lub sij hawm yees duab-laus, COL7A1 qib txo qis ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab epidermis [69-71].

Peb cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias bakuchiol thiab retinol nce qib COL1A1 lees paub qhov kev soj ntsuam ua ntej. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los pom tias bakuchiol txhawb kev qhia qib ntawm COL1 mRNA thiab txo qis MMP-1 mRNA qib [72]. COL1A1 gene qhia tau pom tias yuav augmented hauv vivo tom qab 4 lub lis piam ntawm 0.1 feem pua ntawm kev kho retinol [73]. Kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce ntawm 0.4 feem pua ntawm retinol kuj tau nce COL1A1 protein qhia hauv ECM hauv cov neeg laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv vivo [74]. Txawm li cas los xij, peb cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej tias hauv HDFs, COL1A1, thiab COL7A1 cov protein qhia tau nce 4 h tom qab stimulation nrog bakuchiol thiab retinol. Peb qhia ntxiv tias COL7A1 cov protein qhia txuas ntxiv mus tsawg kawg yog 72h.

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas peb tau tshawb xyuas yog qhov chaw nyob thoob plaws ECM adhesion protein FN pom nyob rau hauv ob isoforms, xws li ntshav thiab cellular FN. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob, cell adhesion, tsiv teb tsaws, thiab kev sib txawv [75, 76]. Cellular FN yog tsim thiab sib sau ua ke rau hauv cov tes hauj lwm fibril, cuam tshuam ECM homeostasis thiab ECM-cell kev sib cuam tshuam [77]. Kev cuam tshuam UV ntev ua rau txo qis ntawm FN gene qhia hauv tib neeg daim tawv nqaij biopsies [78]. Peb cov ntaub ntawv tau nthuav tawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm cellular FN protein qhia hauv HDFs tom qab stimulation nrog bakuchiol thiab retinol. Ib qho kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los hauv vivo qhia tau hais tias kev kho mob tshuaj pleev ib ce nrog 0.4 feem pua retinol ua rau kom nce qib FN protein ntau hauv ECM ntawm cov neeg laus cov tawv nqaij [74]. Nws tseem tsis tau raug tshaj tawm, txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv thov ntawm bakuchiol tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhim kho FN protein qhia hauv HDFs. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas seb cov ntaub ntawv hauv vitro no txhais li cas hauv vivo cov txiaj ntsig, peb tau txiav txim siab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm FN protein ntau hauv kev tshawb fawb ex vivo. Tom qab ib daim ntawv thov 4-lub lim tiam, cov chaw kho mob bakuchiol pom qhov nce ntxiv ntawm FN protein ntau piv rau lub tsheb. Daim ntawv thov Retinol kuj ua rau augmented FN protein ntau ntau; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teebmeem no tsis tseem ceeb. Qhov no tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm retinol-mediated incompatibility cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev sim.

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Raws li ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm ECM, FN ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho qhov txhab, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kho cov ntaub so ntswg. FN ua haujlwm hauv txhua theem ntawm kev kho qhov txhab thiab yog li cuam tshuam nrog ntau hom cell los tsim ECM [79]. FGF7 yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho qhov txhab. Hauv kev mob hnyav ntawm tib neeg, FGF7 gene qhia tau nrawm nrawm. FGF7 feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv dermal fibroblasts nyob ib sab ntawm lub qhov txhab thiab hauv fibroblasts ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg granulation [52]. Txoj kev kho qhov txhab raug ncua nrog kev laus [80]. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cell proliferation thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm fibroblasts thiab keratinocytes, ib qho kev poob qis rau kev loj hlob yam, thiab txo qis ntawm ECM cov khoom [80]. Cov kev soj ntsuam no cuam tshuam nrog cov kev hloov pauv dav dav tshwm sim thaum cov tawv nqaij laus [81]. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem zoo nkauj xws li Fraxel laser kev kho mob lub cim ntawm micro-qhov txhab pib microscopic qhov txhab kho cov txheej txheem ua rau txhim kho daim tawv nqaij thiab rejuvenation [82]. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm ntawm antiageing tebchaw los txhawb cov txheej txheem regenerative tuaj yeem qhia lawv cov tawv nqaij rejuvenating peev xwm. Xav txog kev koom tes ntawm FN thiab FGF7 hauv kev kho qhov txhab thiab bakuchiol-induced upregulation ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv vitro, peb tom ntej txiav txim siab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm bakuchiol thiab retinol ntawm (v) epithelial regeneration. Yog li ntawd, tus qauv kho mob hauv vitro raug siv [34]. Qhov ntev ntawm regenerated epidermis ntawm bakuchiol-kho qhov txhab tau nce ntxiv, thaum retinol tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau tshaj tawm hauv vitro nyhuv ntawm bakuchiol ntawm qhov txhab kho qhov txhab-txuas tsis muaj FGF7, FN, thiab cellular metabolic kev ua si thaum piv rau retinol.

Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb bakuchiol, ntxiv rau nws cov haujlwm zoo, kuj tseem txhim kho qhov pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov thib ob tus kheej-qib raws li kev tshawb fawb vivo tau ua. Cov neeg koom nrog kev kawm tau muab qhab nia cov hluas ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag. Thaum muab piv rau kev muab qhab nia rau tus kheej ntawm t0, kev kho mob nrog ob lub tsheb thiab cov tshuaj bakuchiol-muaj cov qauv rau 12 lub lis piam ua kom pom tseeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij zoo. Lub tsheb raug xaiv kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv tsawg li sai tau. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho kev txhim kho hauv kev muab qhab nia rau tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog kev ntsuas ntawm t0 tom qab 3 hnub uas tsis siv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij, tsis tuaj yeem raug cais tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab daim ntawv thov ntawm bakuchiol-muaj formulation, kev muab qhab nia ntawm cov hluas ntawm daim tawv nqaij zoo li tau nce ntau dua piv rau cov tsheb sib xws txog t1-t0 qhov tseem ceeb.

Hauv peb cov kev tshawb fawb vivo, bakuchiol muaj cov tawv nqaij zoo sib xws. Qhov no yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los uas qhia tau hais tias bakuchiol-muaj moisturizer tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij rhiab [18]. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, daim ntawv thov retinol ua nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ua rau cov tawv nqaij khaus nyob rau hauv ob peb pab dawb. Nws yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo uas retinol tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog rau erythema, khaus, desquamation, lossis papules [6, 14]. Tsis tas li ntawd, retinoids yog txuam nrog photosensitization thiab degraded los ntawm huab cua los yog lub teeb rau biochemically inactive tshuaj [11]. Yog li, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm retinol hauv kev kho mob antiageing zoo nyob ntawm nws hom kev xa khoom. Bakuchiol, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog photostable thiab tuaj yeem siv tau diurnally. Cov nyhuv photostabilizing ntawm bakuchiol ntawm retinol, raws li pom los ntawm Chaudhuri li al. [83], muab cov lus cog tseg rau kev sib xyaw ntawm ob qho tib si.

Peb cov txiaj ntsig tau nthuav dav kev paub txog kev tshawb fawb txog bakuchiol thiab ua rau peb nkag siab txog kev txiav txim siab los ntawm retinol. Daim duab 5 piav qhia txog cov kev npaj ua ntawm Bakuchiol. Ntxiv mus, peb cov ntaub ntawv muab pov thawj rau ntau txoj kev ua tau zoo ntawm bakuchiol tiv thaiv ntau lub cellular cov cim ntawm cov tawv nqaij laus, tshaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov nroj tsuag-derived functional retinoid analogs.

TEEB MEEM

Kev kho mob nrog bakuchiol muab kev kho mob siab heev, holistic, thiab multidirectional txoj kev kho rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus raws li nws ua (i) antioxidative, (ii) anti-inflammatory, cuam tshuam (iii) cell kev ua, tsub kom qhov kev qhia ntawm tseem ceeb (iv) ECM Cheebtsam thiab txhim kho (v) epidermal regeneration thiab re-epithelization.

TXOJ CAI

Cov kws sau ntawv xav ua tsaug rau Dr. Silke Gallinat rau nws txoj kev txhawb nqa hauv kev npaj cov ntawv sau.

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txaus siab

Anika Bluemke, Annika P. Nplhaib, Jeannine Immeyer, Anke Hoff, Tanya Eisenberg, Wolfram Gerwat, Franziska Meyer, SabrinaBreitkreutz, LinaM. Klinger, FrankRippke, thiab Dorothea Schweiger yog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Beiersdorf AG. Grit Sandig thiab Marietta Seifert yog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Gematria Test Lab GmbH. Doerte Segger yog ib tug neeg ua haujlwm ntawm SGS Institute Fresenius GmbH. Tsis muaj ib tus kws sau ntawv hais txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb.

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