Qhov siab tshaj plaws Entropy Modeling Qhov Chaw Tshaj Tawm Ntawm Morchella Dill. Ex Pers. Hom kab mob nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj raws li kev hloov huab cua Part 2

3.3.3. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm Muaj Peev Xwm Distribution Thaj chaw ntawmMorchellanyob rau yav tom ntej

Nyob rau xyoo 2050, tag nrho cheeb tsam tsim nyog ntawm Morchella tau pom muaj kev nce ntxiv. Raws li peb qhov xwm txheej sib txawv, nws tau nce los ntawm 3.88 feem pua, 4.93 feem pua, thiab 4.69 feem pua ​​​​, raws li (Table 5), thiab cheeb tsam amplification amplitude thawj zaug tau nce thiab tom qab ntawd txo qis nrog kev nce hauv tsev cog khoom roj emissions. Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog nyob rau xyoo 2070 kuj tau nce ntxiv, thaj chaw nthuav dav amplitude tau tsa nrog kev nce hauv cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom. Cov cheeb tsam muaj peev xwm faib tau simulated kom nce 2.10 feem pua ​​(RCP2.6), 6.04 feem pua ​​(RCP4.5), thiab 6.71 feem pua ​​(RCP8.5).

Glycoside ntawm cistanche tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv plawv thiab daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm lipofuscin thiab MDA hauv txhua cov ntaub so ntswg, tshem tawm ntau yam reactive oxygen radicals (OH-, H₂O₂, thiab lwm yam) thiab tiv thaiv DNA puas. los ntawm OH-radicals. Cistanche phenylethanoid glycosides muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, muaj peev xwm txo tau ntau dua li cov vitamin C, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv cov phev ncua, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA, thiab muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov phev ua haujlwm. Cistanche polysaccharides tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm SOD thiab GSH-Px hauv erythrocytes thiab ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas senescent sim los ntawm D-galactose, nrog rau txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA thiab collagen hauv lub ntsws thiab ntshav, thiab nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm elastin, muaj Cov nyhuv scavenging zoo ntawm DPPH, ncua lub sijhawm ntawm hypoxia hauv cov nas senescent, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv cov ntshav, thiab ncua lub physiological degeneration ntawm lub ntsws hauv kev sim cov nas nrog cellular morphological degeneration, kev sim tau pom tias Cistanche muaj peev xwm antioxidant zoo. thiab muaj peev xwm los ua ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, echinacoside hauv Cistanche muaj lub peev xwm tseem ceeb los tshem tawm DPPH dawb radicals thiab tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pa oxygen reactive, tiv thaiv dawb radical-induced collagen degradation, thiab kuj muaj kev kho zoo ntawm thymine dawb radical anion puas.

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Lub peev xwm ntawm thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella hauv 2050s thiab 2070s txawv ntawm cov sijhawm tam sim no hauv peb qhov xwm txheej. Qhov qis tsim cheeb tsam thiab siab haum cheeb tsam tau nce, qhia txog kev nthuav dav. Ntawm lawv, qhov nce hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsim nyog qis yog feem ntau tshwm sim hauv Heilongjiang, Jilin, thiab Inner Mongolia autonomous cheeb tsam, thiab qhov nce hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsim nyog yog feem ntau nyob hauv XUAR thiab Shanxi Xeev. Thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw tsim nyog muaj kev hloov pauv me ntsis, nthuav tawm qhov kev poob qis hauv xyoo 2050 nrog kev nce hauv cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom, thaum nws thawj zaug nthuav dav thiab tom qab ntawd degraded hauv 2070s (Daim duab 3, thiab Tables 4 thiab 5).

3.4. Muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam txog kev hloov pauv huab cua ntawm Geographic Distribution ntawm Morchella

Cov duab 4 thiab S4 qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev thiab sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv thiab qib emission (Daim duab 4). Nyob rau lub sijhawm yav tom ntej, thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella tau pom muaj kev loj hlob tag nrho, tab sis qhov kev loj hlob txawv me ntsis.

Hauv RCP2.6 qhov xwm txheej, tag nrho cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog tau nce hauv xyoo 2050 thiab 2070s piv nrog rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, tab sis thaj chaw nthuav dav hauv xyoo 2050 tau ntau dua li ntawm 2070s. Qhov chaw nyob uas tsim nyog yuav nthuav mus rau Tuam Tshoj Sab Hnub Tuaj, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, thiab XUAR. Feem ntau ntawm cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog hauv Hunan, Jiangxi, thiab Fujian yuav txo qis, thiab cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog hauv Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, thiab Anhui kuj yuav degrade mus rau ib qho twg. Txij xyoo 2050 mus txog xyoo 2070, thaj chaw tsim nyog ntawm Morchella tau poob qis, thiab thaj chaw degradation feem ntau yog hauv Heilongjiang, Jilin, thiab Sichuan Provinces.

Hauv RCP4.5 qhov xwm txheej, qhov nthuav dav thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm Morchella qhov chaw tsim nyog nyob rau xyoo 2050 thiab 2070s tau zoo ib yam li cov hauv RCP2.6 qhov xwm txheej. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw tshiab thiab degraded los ntawm 2050s mus rau 2070s piv rau cov hauv RCP2.6 scenario. Ntxiv rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw tsim nyog nyob hauv Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Qinghai, thiab Inner Mongolia, uas yuav nce ntxiv, Gansu, Sichuan, thiab Tibet kuj tau nthuav tawm kev nthuav dav. Lub cheeb tsam degradation yog feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv Hunan thiab Hubei; me me ntawm Anhui, Yunnan, Guizhou, thiab XUAR yuav degrade.

Hauv qhov xwm txheej RCP8.5, thaj chaw tshiab tau ntxiv rau xyoo 2050 thiab 2070s feem ntau nyob hauv Jilin, Heilongjiang, thiab Inner Mongolia, thiab lawv tau loj dua li cov hauv thawj ob qhov xwm txheej; degradation yog roughly tib yam li hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj ob scenarios, tab sis lub Scope ntawm degradation doubled. Txij xyoo 2050 mus txog rau xyoo 2070, qhov chaw tshiab uas tsim nyog tau ntxiv yog nyob hauv Xinjiang thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub poob Gansu, central Inner Mongolia, thiab sab hnub poob Heilongjiang; Qhov kev puas tsuaj nyob hauv thaj chaw feem ntau yog hauv Hunan, central Anhui, Southeast Sichuan, thiab qee qhov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj.

Txhawm rau ua kom tiav, cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog ntawm Morchella feem ntau pom qhov nthuav dav rau feem ntau ntawm Northeast Tuam Tshoj thiab ib feem me me ntawm Northwest Tuam Tshoj nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv; Tsis tas li ntawd, kev puas tsuaj loj loj yuav tshwm sim hauv Central South thiab Southeast Tuam Tshoj, qhia tias thaj chaw siab-latitude yuav tsim nyog rau Morchella kom muaj sia nyob hauv huab cua sov.

3.5. Hloov hauv Morchella Distribution Center ntawm Cov Chaw Tsim Nyog

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, thaj chaw tswj hwm ntawm Morchella kev faib tawm hauv lub sijhawm sib txawv tau suav nrog siv SDM cov cuab yeej. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov chaw faib khoom tam sim no ntawm Morchella nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm Shaanxi Province (point C, 106◦670 E, 34◦480 N). Los ntawm LGM mus rau MH, nws qhov chaw faib khoom thaj chaw tau txav los ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm Chongqing (point A, 108◦560 E, 31◦250 N) mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm Shaanxi Province (point B, 107◦300 E, 33◦850 N. ), thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw yog 305.70 km. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, tsis hais qhov xwm txheej twg, qhov chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella yuav tsiv mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm Gansu Xeev lossis txawm mus rau Ningxia Xeev (Daim duab 5).

4. Kev sib tham

Qhov chaw faib khoom thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm hom tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm huab cua, av, thiab lwm yam ib puag ncig. Morchella yog ib pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob aerobic uas tsis tshua muaj kub, uas nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev faib tawm yuav raug txwv los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, lub teeb, thiab av noo [39]. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib puag ncig, xws li hom av, pH, thiab muaj cov as-ham thiab dej hauv cov substrate, kuj yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev tsim ntawm Morchella txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev [29]. Raws li MaxEnt muaj qee qhov zoo hauv kev tsim cov kab mob fungi [40,41], txoj kev tshawb no tau tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau Morchella thiab nws cov peev txheej tsim nyog siv tus qauv.

4.1. Hloov hauv Geographic Distributions

Txij li thaum xyoo 1950s, lub ntiaj teb sov sov tau nrawm dua, cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom tau nce ntxiv, thiab dej hiav txwv tau nce [42]. Txhawm rau kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua ntawm thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella, peb qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tsev cog khoom roj emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, thiab RCP8.5) ntawm CCSM 4.0 qauv hauv IPPC Fifth Report raug xaiv raws li kev hloov pauv huab cua. Txij li thaum muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm RCP4.5 thiab RCP6.0, peb xaiv RCP4.5 [43]. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov sib txawv emission scenarios muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella. Cao et al. [38] simulated kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm thaj chaw tsim nyog ntawm Zelkova serrata hauv Suav teb raws li qhov xwm txheej huab cua sib txawv; Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias thaj chaw tsim nyog ntawm cov tsiaj no tau txo qis hauv Guangdong, Yunnan, Guangxi, thiab Hainan thiab tias nws qhov kev faib tawm yuav txav mus rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj vim huab cua sov dua. Raws li 89 qhov chaw faib khoom zoo ntawm Artemisia ordosica thiab 19 bioclimatic yam, Lu li al. [44] kwv yees hais tias qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov peev txheej ntawm Artemisia ordosica nteg nyob rau hauv Mu Us Desert nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej huab cua tej yam kev mob, nrog ib tug qauv ntawm nthuav mus rau Northeast Tuam Tshoj (Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning thiab qee qhov chaw ntawm Hebei). Pan et al. [45] kwv yees qhov tsim nyog faib thaj chaw ntawm ob hom Litsea coreana, uas yog, Litsea coreana Levl. Var. sinensis thiab Litsea coreana Levl. Var. lanuginosa, nyob rau hauv Suav teb, thiab lawv tau qhia tias tag nrho cov chaw nyob uas tsim nyog yuav nce me ntsis yav tom ntej thiab tsiv mus rau high-latitude thiab -altitude cheeb tsam piv nrog rau tam sim no huab cua puag. Zoo ib yam li lwm hom, lub peev xwm ntawm thaj chaw faib ntawm Morchella yav tom ntej kuj tseem yuav tsiv mus rau Northeast Tuam Tshoj. Cov txiaj ntsig no zoo ib yam nrog kev xav tias qee hom yuav tsiv mus rau qhov siab dua thiab thaj tsam latitude kom hloov mus rau ib puag ncig nrog kev nyab xeeb yav tom ntej [46].

Raws li cov fungi muaj kev txhawj xeeb, kev faib tawm thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm txhua hom chaw tsim nyog sib txawv. Kev tshawb fawb ua los ntawm Yuan et al. [20] pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws ciaj sia taus thaj chaw ntawm Phellinus. bauxite, Phellinus. Ignatius thiab Phellinus. Vanity nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj (Liaoning, Jilin, thiab Heilongjiang), sab hnub tuaj, sab qab teb hnub poob (Sichuan, sab qab teb Tibet, thiab sab hnub poob Yunnan), thiab sab hnub poob (sab hnub poob Shaanxi thiab South Gansu) ntawm Tuam Tshoj, sib tshooj heev nrog kev faib ntawm Morchella. Wei et al. [40] txheeb xyuas cov qauv ntawm thaj chaw tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej ntawm Ophiocordyceps sinensis raws li MaxEnt siv huab cua, av, qhov siab, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, thiab lawv tau hais tias nws qhov chaw nyob yog nyob rau hauv roob Qilian, sab qab teb Ganzhou ntawm Gansu, Aba Prefecture. ntawm Sichuan, sab hnub poob Yunnan, Qinghai (Yushu, Guoluo Prefecture) thiab sab hnub tuaj- central Tibet; Sib nrug ntawm qhov no, thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Ophiocordyceps sinensis tau qhia txog kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv cov tsev cog khoom sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide nyob rau yav tom ntej, uas txawv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb no.

4.2. Kev nyab xeeb cuam tshuam

Kev koom tes thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv hauv kev faib tawm ntawm Morchella hom sib txawv me ntsis nyob rau lub sijhawm keeb kwm sib txawv. Kev koom tes suav nrog kev sib raug zoo ntawm ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog [47]. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau tias nag lossis daus, qhov siab, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw faib khoom ntawm Morchella, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo ib yam nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov av noo thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw faib khoom thiab muaj qhov tshwm sim. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [48]. Nrog rau txoj kev Jackknife, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm Morchella tau txheeb xyuas. Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam nrog nag lossis daus suav txog 36.5 feem pua ​​​​, tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam nrog qhov kub thiab txias suav txog 31 feem pua, thiab kev pab ntawm qhov siab yog 22.5 feem pua. Ntawm lawv, tus nqi tsim nyog tshaj plaws ntawm Bio17 rau kev ciaj sia ntawm Morchella tsis tsawg dua 22.15 hli, qhov siab yog li 3082.19 m, Bio11 yog li 3.84 ◦C, thiab Bio1 yog txog 8.86 ◦C (Daim duab 2). Yog tias tus nqi ntawm cov xwm txheej no siab dhau lossis qis dhau, lawv yuav cuam tshuam rau kev muaj sia nyob ntawm Morchella. Cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv qhia tias Morchella yog ib hom hygrophilous, tsis tshua muaj kab mob fungi, uas nyiam qhov chaw siab dua, uas zoo ib yam nrog cov kev tshawb fawb cuam tshuam [49]. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum qhov kub thiab txias, muaj tsawg dua lwm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Morchella. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev tshawb fawb no suav tias qhov siab yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ywj pheej, thiab nws tsis tau txiav txim siab txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov siab thiab huab cua hloov pauv, xws li kub thiab nag lossis daus. Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia [50] tias qhov kub thiab txias, nag lossis daus, thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv huab cua yog tsim nyog ntawm cov nplai thiab mesoscale. Terrain variables xws li qhov siab yuav cuam tshuam rau hom kev faib tawm ntawm mesoscale. Yog li, kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov siab thiab qee qhov xwm txheej huab cua, uas txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm, yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav ntxiv.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tsiaj qus nceb yeej ib txwm muaj teeb meem loj. Morchella hom muaj ntau cov txiaj ntsig, thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam thiab cov neeg ua si lom zem suav tias lawv lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov peev txheej tsis tshua muaj nyiaj txiag. Tam sim no, cov kws paub txog fungi tab tom tshawb nrhiav cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm Morchella hom. Mihail et al. [51] tau tshaj tawm tias lub caij nyoog ntev ntawm Morchella txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo nrog cov av sov, uas qhia tau hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws av kub nyob rau hauv qhov nqaim yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tawg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau pom tias hom nroj tsuag thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Morchella thiab vascular nroj tsuag muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog rau kev faib ntawm Morchella hom [29,51,52]. Txhawm rau nce qhov ntsuas ntawm Morchella hom ntau npaum li qhov ua tau thiab txhim kho Morchella cov peev txheej zoo li qub, kev tiv thaiv ntawm thaj chaw tsim nyog ntawm Morchella yuav tsum tsis txhob raug saib xyuas. Txij li qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no ntawm cov tsiaj yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ntsuas thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm hom tsiaj yog qhov nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tsis tau xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Morchella.

4.3. Kev txwv

Kev faib tawm ntawm Morchella hom qhia tau hais tias muaj ntau theem ntawm continental endemism thiab Provincialism nyob rau sab qaum teb hemisphere. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias lawv qhov kev faib tawm yuav raug txwv los ntawm kev faib tawm [53]. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav ntawm qhov kev ncua deb (LDD) vim tias, yog tias haploid colonies germinated los ntawm lawv cov ascospores tsis muaj caij nyoog ntsib nrog cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov hom sib txawv, lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, Morchella hom tsim cov phab ntsa nyias nyias mitotic spores, uas tsis zoo rau LDD. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev faib tawm ntawm Morchella hom yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg kev sib haum xeeb. Txoj kev tshawb no tsis tau txiav txim siab txog cov xwm txheej no, xws li kev txwv tsis pub txav mus los thiab tib neeg kev ua ub no, thiab thaj tsam ntawm ib puag ncig simulated hauv txoj kev tshawb no yuav txawv ntawm cov xwm txheej tiag tiag.

5. Cov lus xaus

Raws li MaxEnt qhov kev pab cuam, txoj kev tshawb no tau kwv yees qhov kev faib tawm thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov chaw muaj peev xwm tsim nyog ntawm Morchella nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias tus qauv tuaj yeem sim ua qhov kev faib tawm ntawm Morchella hauv Suav teb zoo. Cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig, xws li Bio17, nce siab, Bio11, thiab Bio1, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev ciaj sia thiab kev faib tawm ntawm genus Morchella. Tam sim no, tag nrho cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog ntawm Morchella hom hauv Suav teb yog 405.8195 × 104 km2. Nyob rau xyoo 2050 thiab 2070, cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog yuav nthuav dav thiab tsiv mus rau Northeast thiab Northwest Tuam Tshoj. Tsis tas li ntawd, MaxEnt tuaj yeem simulate qhov chaw nyob uas tsim nyog ntawm cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv huab cua, tab sis nws tsis xav txog seb hom tsiaj puas tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov nrawm ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua [54,55]. Yog li ntawd, ntxiv cov txheej txheem tsiv teb tsaws ntawm hom rau tus qauv hauv kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav kov yeej cov teeb meem saum toj no thiab ua kom raug ntau dua cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tsiaj hloov pauv nrog ib puag ncig lossis kev nyab xeeb [56].

Tus sau kev koom tes:Conceptualization, Z.-HL thiab Y.-TC; methodology, Z.-HL; software, Y.-TC; validation, Y.-TC; kev soj ntsuam, Z.-HL, Z.-PL, thiab Y.-TC; kev tshawb nrhiav, JL, WY, thiab Y.-TC; Resources, X.-YG, WY, Q.-HS, and M.-LL; cov ntaub ntawv curation, M.-LL; kev sau ntawv—kev npaj ua ntej, Y.-TC; sau-saib thiab kho, X.-YG, Z.-PL, thiab Y.-TC; kev pom, Y.-TC; saib xyuas, Z.-HL; project tswj, Z.-HL; kev nrhiav nyiaj txiag, WS, LW, Q.-HS, thiab Z.-HL Txhua tus kws sau ntawv tau nyeem thiab pom zoo rau cov ntawv luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv sau.

Nyiaj txiag:Txoj haujlwm no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Key R & D thiab Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm Qinghai Xeev (2022-NK-107), Txoj Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Shaanxi Xeev (2022ZDLSF 06-02), Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Lag Luam Hauv Nroog Qinghai Xeev (2021ZY026), Shaanxi Science thiab Technology Innovation Team (2019TD-012), Plaub Lub Tebchaws Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuaj Hauv Suav Teb Cov peev txheej (2019-68), Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Qhia Kev Hloov Kho ntawm Northwest University (363062102018) thiab National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (202110697166).

Cov ntaub ntawv

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