Lub Sijhawm Ua Raws Li Lub Sijhawm Ntev Ntawm Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae-specifc Kev Tiv Thaiv Hauv Cov Npua Txhaj Tshuaj

Abstract

Mycoplasma hypopnea mobile yog thawj tus neeg sawv cev ntawm enzootic pneumonia hauv npua. Txhawm rau txo qis nyiaj txiag poob los ntawm tus kab mob no, feem ntau siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob M. hypopnea mobile. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes, txog rau lub sijhawm tua tsis tau tshawb nrhiav. Yog li ntawd, ntawm ob lub lag luam ua liaj ua teb, 25 npua (n=50) tau txais cov kab mob ua lag luam intramuscularly thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 hnub. Txhua lub hlis, M. hyopneumoniae-specifc cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov ntshav tau raug tshuaj xyuas thiab kev loj hlob ntawm TNF- , IFN- , thiab IL-17Kev tsim tawm los ntawm ntau T cell subsets hauv cov ntshav tau soj ntsuam siv cov kev soj ntsuam rov qab. Cov kab mob ntuj tsim nrog M. hyopneumoniae tau xav tias nyob hauv ob lub teb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov npua kawm tseem nyob M. hyopneumoniae tsis zoo rau yuav luag tag nrho cov kev sim. Seroconversion tsis tau pom tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tag nrho cov npua tau ua tsis zoo thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis. Lub kinetics ntawm T cell subset zaus tau zoo ib yam ntawm ob lub teb. Mycoplasma hypopnea mobile-specific cytokine-producing CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua los ntawm ob lub teb ntawm ib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog tab sis txo qis nrog cov hnub nyoog nce. Ntawm qhov tod tes, T cell proliferation tom qab nyob rau hauv vitro M. hyopneumoniae stimulation tau pom mus txog thaum kawg ntawm lub sij hawm fattening. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob humoral thiab cell-mediated tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae tsis pom ntawm npua nrog thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv niam txiv. Txoj kev tshawb no sau cov ntaub ntawv mus ntev M. hypopnea mobile vaccine-induced immune responses in fattening pigs in field conditions. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau lees paub los tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev kis tus kabmob ntawm cov lus teb no.

cistanche cov txiaj ntsig rau txiv neej-ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob

Nyem qhov no mus saib Cistanche Enhance Immunity khoom

【Nug ntxiv】 Email: cindy.xue@wecistanche.com / Whats App: 0086 18599088692 / Wechat: 18599088692

Ntsiab lus

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, npua, kev tshawb fawb ntev, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes

Taw qhia

Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ua pa tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv npua yog Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae). Nws yog thawj tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kab mob ntsws enzootic, muaj kab mob nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov liaj teb, thiab lub luag haujlwm rau kev poob nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb hauv npua ntau lawm thoob ntiaj teb [1, 2]. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov kev tswj hwm feem ntau siv los tswj M. hyopneumoniae txij li nws tuaj yeem txo cov tsos mob thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab txo cov nqi kho mob [3]. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov kab mob tshwj xeeb hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas teb sai thiab ua tau zoo raws li tus kab mob M. hyopneumoniae. Feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae rau npua tau sau npe rau kev tswj hwm ntawm ib thiab peb lub lis piam ntawm hnub nyoog [4]. Qhov pib ntawm M. hypopnea mobile-specific tiv thaiv nws txawv ntawm ib mus rau plaub lub lis piam thiab lub hom phiaj los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thaum lub sij hawm fattening tiav, txog thaum tua [4]. Zuag qhia tag nrho, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis kab mob ntawm npua ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cim xeeb B hlwb thiab CD4+CD8+ T hlwb, ua kom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ceev ceev thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab kev sib cuag thib ob nrog cov kab mob [5] . Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae tuaj yeem ua rau seroconversion thiab nce hauv M. hyopneumoniae cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hauv zos hauv qhov ua pa [6–9]. Hauv cov tsiaj txhaj tshuaj, qib siab dua ntawm IFN- - tsim cov lymphocytes tau pom ua ke nrog cov lymphocyte proliferation ntau dua tom qab hauv vitro M. hyopneumoniae stimulation piv rau cov tsiaj tsis tau txhaj tshuaj [9–11]. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyfunctional CD4+CD8− thiab CD4−CD{20}} T cells, tsim INF- thiab TNF-, tau pom tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae [12]. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis paub meej tias ntev npaum li cas M. hypopnea mobile-specific tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tseem nyob. Hauv cov kev tshawb nrhiav M. Pau lub asthiv tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kab mob uas tsis muaj zog, cov kab mob ntsws [13-16]. Thaum qhov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev tau kawm, feem ntau hauv kev sim ua haujlwm, feem ntau tsuas yog cov khoom lag luam thiab cov kab mob ntsws ntawm kev tua tau raug tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis yog lossis tsuas yog tshawb xyuas tsis zoo [17–20]. Rau peb txoj kev paub, M. hyopneumoniae tshwj xeeb tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes-kho tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj mus txog rau kev tua tsiaj hauv thaj chaw tseem tsis tau tshawb xyuas. Dhau li ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv piglet, M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev yug me nyuam gilts yog ib qho kev xyaum ua kom zoo dua qub [21]. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc cytokine-producing CD4+CD8+ thiab polyfunctional CD4−CD8− T cells muaj nyob tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsiaj txhu [22]. Piglets suckling colostrum los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj sows muaj qib siab ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-specifc maternally derived antibodies (MDA) thiab cell-mediated immunity nyob rau hauv lawv cov ntshav uas muaj peev xwm nyob mus txog rau weaning lossis ntev dua [7, 22, 23]. Thaum piglets tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm (siab ntau) MDA, seroconversion feem ntau tsis muaj [24–26]. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus teb nthuav dav ntawm lymphocytes tom qab kev txhawb nqa hauv vitro tau nce siab dua hauv M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv piglets piv rau cov piglets uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj, tsis hais qib ntawm MDA [26]. Txawm hais tias cov kws sau ntawv no tau pom tias kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes tau pib los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob M. hyopneumoniae nyob rau hauv muaj cov qib siab ntawm MDA, kev sib txawv ntxiv ntawm T cell subsets thiab lawv cov cytokine ntau lawm yog xav tau kom tau txais kev nkag siab zoo rau hauv cov cell-mediated immune teb. thiab thaum kawg qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus kab mob ntuj tsim rau cov lus teb no. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no yog txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cov lus teb humoral thiab cell-mediated tiv thaiv kab mob thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae hauv npua ntawm ob lub lag luam ua liaj ua teb. Txog rau qhov kawg no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib thiab kev loj hlob ntawm thiab cytokine ntau lawm los ntawm T cell subsets sib txawv tau saib xyuas txij li lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 hnub mus txog rau hnub nyoog tua. Te muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-specifc leej niam los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv humoral thiab cell-mediated cov lus teb hauv piglets kuj tau tshawb xyuas.

cistanche ntxiv cov txiaj ntsig-nce kev tiv thaiv

Cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem

Kev piav qhia txog tsiaj txhu thiab xaiv tsiaj

Two commercial farrow-to-finish farms were included in the study based on the willingness of the farmer to participate. On both farms, circulation of M. hyopneumoniae was assumed based on the presence of the pathogen in tracheobronchial swabs (TBS) taken from fattening pigs in the past. Danbred breeding gilts were reared on farm A and purchased on farm B. On-farm A, the breeding gilts were vaccinated once against M. hyopneumoniae four weeks before first insemination with Ingelvac MycoFLEX® (Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany). On-farm B, breeding gilts were vaccinated with Stellamune® Mycoplasma (Elanco, Utrecht, The Netherlands) at six months of age upon arrival at the farm and a second time four weeks later. Furthermore, on-farm B gilts were also booster-vaccinated twice shortly before farrowing. On both farms, sows were not vaccinated against M. hyopneumoniae. Farm A practiced a 5-week batch-farrowing system and piglets were weaned and moved to the nursery unit at approximately 22 days of age. The piglets were vaccinated at 16 days of age against M. hyopneumoniae with an inactivated whole cell J strain-based bacterin (Ingelvac MycoFLEX®, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) (Ingelvac CircoFLEX®, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) (UNISTRAIN® PRRS, HIPRA, Amer, Spain). Pigs were moved to the fattening unit at 9 weeks of age. Farm B worked in a 4-week batch-farrowing system and piglets were weaned and moved to the nursery unit at approximately 22 days of age. Tey was vaccinated at 16 days of age against M. hyopneumoniae with the same vaccine as in farm A (Ingelvac MycoFLEX®, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH) and PRRSV (UNISTRAIN® PRRS, HIPRA). The piglets were moved to the fattening unit at 10 weeks of age. On both farms, five breeding animals (two gilts and three sows of mixed parity) were included in the study. The growing process was monitored by the main investigator and from each litter, five healthy piglets (birth weight>1 kg) raug xaiv, pob ntseg, thiab ua raws txhua hli txij thaum yug mus txog rau tua (n=25 piglets/farm). Hla-fostering ntawm pob ntseg-notched piglets tsis raug tso cai thiab npua tsis tau txais cov tshuaj tua kab mob tawm tsam M. hyopneumoniae ntawm ob lub teb thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho kev sim.

cistanche tubulosa- txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob

Kawm kev tsim qauv thiab qauv

Txoj kev tshawb no tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Kws Kho Mob Veterinary thiab Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm BioScience Engineering, Ghent University (pom zoo 2020/31). Los ntawm sows, colostrum tau sau thaum lub sijhawm farrowing. Tsis pub dhau 6 teev tom qab farrowing, TBS (60 cm nqus catheter, Medinorm GmbH, Spiesen-Elversberg, Lub teb chaws Yelemees) thiab cov ntshav nyob rau hauv ib lub raj tsis muaj menyuam (cov ntshav txhaws) tau sau los ntawm cov noob. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob hnub, ntshav tau los ntawm piglets hauv cov hlab ntshav. Txij li ib mus rau rau lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog, cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav tsis muaj menyuam thiab EDTA (cov ntshav tsis khov) cov hlab ntsha thiab TBS raug coj los ntawm cov npua txhua hli. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb A, npua raug tua thaum muaj hnub nyoog 177 hnub, thiab yog li ntawd, cov qauv kawg tau raug coj los ntawm 5.5 lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb B, npua tau raug xa mus rau lub tsev tua tsiaj thaum muaj hnub nyoog 191 hnub yog li cov qauv kawg raug coj mus rau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 hli. Colostrum thiab serum kuaj tau muab khaws cia ntawm -20 degree thiab TBS cov qauv ntawm -80 degree kom txog thaum kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv. Cov ntshav uas tsis yog-clotted tau ua tiav tam sim ntawd rau kev soj ntsuam kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes. Cov PCR rau M. hyopneumoniae DNA kuaj kom kuaj pom muaj M. hyopneumoniae, DNA tau muab rho tawm los ntawm TBS cov qauv siv cov khoom siv coj mus muag (DNeasy® Blood & Tissue kit, Qiagen, Venlo, Lub Netherlands) thiab digital PCR (dPCR) ) raws tu qauv tsom rau P102 noob tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tau piav qhia yav dhau los [27]. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov ntshav thiab colostrum kuaj tau raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm kev lag luam tsis ncaj ELISA (M. hyo Ab test, IDEXX Laboratories Inc., Westbrook, ME, USA) ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Cov qauv raug suav tias yog qhov zoo yog qhov piv txwv-rau-zoo (S / P) piv tau siab dua 0.40 thiab qhov tsis zoo yog qhov S / P piv yog sib npaug lossis qis dua 0.40.

T cell cytokine ntau lawm

Los ntawm cov ntshav tshiab, uas tsis yog-clotted, peripheral ntshav mononuclear hlwb (PBMCs) raug cais siv Lym phoprep™ ntom ntom gradient (Stemcell technologies, Van - - couver, Canada). Kev rho tawm, kev txhawb zog, thiab staining ntawm PBMCs tau ua raws li tau piav qhia yav dhau los nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho me me [22]. Cov hlwb raug txhawb thaum hmo ntuj (20 h) nrog rau hauv tsev ua M. hyopneumoniae J hom kab mob thiab rau txhua tus tsiaj, qhov nruab nrab tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo Concanavalin A (ConA) tswj tau suav nrog. Cov kab mob M. hyopneumoniae J strain bacterin tau ua raws li kev cai rau kev tsim cov kab mob M. hyopneumonia F7.2 C [16]. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cytokine ntau lawm, Brefeldin A (eBioscience ™, San Diego, CA, USA) tau ntxiv rau txhua qhov dej rau 4 teev kawg ntawm kev txhawb nqa kom inhibit protein secretion. Rau kev staining extracellular, PBMCs tau incubated nrog anti-CD3 (clone PPT3), anti-CD4 (clone 74-12-4), thiab anti-CD8 (clone 11-295-33) monoclonal antibodies. Tom ntej no, coj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thib ob los tiv thaiv nas IgG1 APC-Cy7 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), tshuaj tiv thaiv nas IgG2b FITC (Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA) thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv nas IgG2a PE-Cy7 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) tau ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd, cov kauj ruam thaiv nrog nas IgG1 (10 µg / mL) tau ua. Tom qab staining nto, cov hlwb raug kho, thiab permeabilized, thiab intracellular staining rau TNF- , IFN- , thiab IL-17A tau ua [22]. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais nrog CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Bea, CA, USA) thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau raug tshuaj xyuas ntxiv nrog CytExpert software (Beckman Coulter). Lub gating hierarchy yog qhia nyob rau hauv Ntxiv Cov Ntaub Ntawv 1.

T-cell proliferation assay

Kev cais PBMCs tau txhawb nqa hauv vitro nrog rau hauv tsev ua M. hyopneumoniae J hom kab mob los soj ntsuam kev loj hlob ntawm T hlwb. Cov txheej txheem siv tau piav qhia meej hauv kev kawm dhau los [22]. Rau cov staining saum npoo, cov hlwb tau ua ntej incubated nrog anti-CD3, anti-CD4, thiab anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies thiab tom qab ntawd nrog cov sib txuas thib ob cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob anti-nas IgG1 APC-Cy7 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-nas IgG2b FITC (Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA), thiab anti-nas IgG2a AlexaFluor 647 (Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA) ua ke nrog propidium iodide. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais nrog CytoFLEX flow cytometer thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau raug tshuaj xyuas ntxiv nrog CytExpert software. Lub rooj vag hierarchy tau qhia hauv Cov Ntaub Ntawv Ntxiv 2.

cistanche tubulosa- txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob

Cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas

Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS® Statistics Version 27 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) to compare results within farms. A descriptive analysis was performed for M. hyopneumoniae-specific antibody levels and the frequency of different T cell subsets. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests were used as tests for the normality of the residuals. For normally distributed data, repeated measures analyses of variance were used and post-hoc pairwise comparisons were made with a Bonferroni correction to assess possible differences between successive sampling moments. For not mally distributed data, a non-parametric Friedman test was used together with a Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction to compare the different sampling moments. Descriptive results were given to discuss whether the presence (S/P>{{0}}.40) lossis tsis tuaj (S/P Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.40) ntawm MDA cuam tshuam kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral thiab cell-mediated tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv npua.

Cov txiaj ntsig

Ntawm txhua qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb, tsib npua tau raug cais tawm thaum lub sijhawm sim vim tuag lossis poob pob ntseg. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov npua no tau muab tso rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas txog thaum kawg ua cov ntaub ntawv raug coj mus kuaj lub sijhawm.

Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso kab mob nrog M. hyopneumoniae nyob rau hauv lub teb

Nyob rau hauv-ua liaj ua teb A, tag nrho cov qauv TBS (los ntawm sows, piglets, thiab fattening npua) kuaj tsis pom muaj M. hyopneumoniae DNA. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb B, tag nrho cov qauv TBS los ntawm cov noob qoob loo, piglets, thiab cov npua rog rog tau kuaj pom tsis zoo rau qhov muaj M. hyopneumoniae DNA txog tsib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis, plaub tus npua rog tau kuaj pom zoo rau M. hyopneumoniae nrog 300, 7, 22, thiab 14 M. hyopneumoniae kab mob / µL DNA.

Kev pheej hmoo ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hauv npua

Ntawm ob lub teb, plaub tawm ntawm tsib tus sows muaj M. hyopneumoniae-specifc antibodies hauv cov ntshav thiab colostrum ntawm farrowing (Figures 1A thiab C). Ob hnub-hnub piglets suckling colostrum los ntawm cov sows muaj M. hyopneumoniae-specifc niam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (MDA tam sim no), thaum piglets los ntawm cov noob qoob loo kuj tseem muaj cov tsos mob (MDA tsis tuaj) (Daim duab 1B thiab D). Txawm hais tias txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 hnub, ntawm ob lub teb, theem ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-specifc cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov npua tau txo qis los ntawm ob hnub ntawm hnub nyoog mus rau ib hlis, los ntawm ib hlis mus rau ob lub hlis, thiab los ntawm ob lub hlis mus rau hnub nyoog peb lub hlis (Daim duab 1E). Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv tom qab lub sijhawm. Txij li ob lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog mus txog rau, tag nrho cov npua, tshwj tsis yog ob qho ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb A thaum muaj hnub nyoog plaub hlis, yog M. hyopneumoniae seronegative. M. hyopneumoniae-specifc antibody qib los ntawm piglets nrog MDA txo qis thaum lub sij hawm thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis mus txog qib tib yam li cov piglets tsis muaj MDA (Daim duab 1F).

Kinetics ntawm T cell subset zaus hauv npua

Thaum lub sij hawm lub neej ntawm ib tug npua, qhov zaus ntawm qhov sib txawv T cell subsets nyob rau hauv cov ntshav hloov vim lub maturation ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev sib cuag nrog microorganisms [28]. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cov kinetics ntawm qhov sib txawv T cell subsets, cov ntshav PBMCs los ntawm cov kev tswj nruab nrab uas tsis muaj zog tau raug soj ntsuam los ntawm kev khiav cytometry. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib hlis, qhov zaus (nruab nrab %) ntawm CD4− CD8+ T hlwb yog 13.6±2.8% thiab 10.5±3.4% hauv npua los ntawm teb A thiab B, raws li. Qhov ntau zaus no tau nce ntxiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis ntawm ob lub teb thiab poob qis dua thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb lub hlis ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb A. Txij li peb lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog mus rau nws tseem nyob ruaj khov rau hauv liaj teb A, thaum ua liaj ua teb B ib qho tseem ceeb nce ntxiv rau ntawm rau lub hli hnub nyoog (Daim duab 2A). Ntawm ob lub teb, qhov zaus ntawm CD4+CD8− T hlwb tau siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog nrog 37.5 ± 6.0% (ua liaj ua teb A) thiab 42.3 ± 5.9% (ua liaj ua teb B). Qhov zaus no tau txo qis thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb A, qhov zaus tau ruaj khov txij li ob lub hlis tom ntej, thaum ua liaj ua teb B qhov txo qis tshwm sim ntau dua (Daim duab 2B). Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib hlis, CD4/CD8 piv yog 2.8 (ua liaj ua teb A) thiab 4.0 (ua liaj ua teb B). Qhov piv txwv poob thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis thiab tseem qis dua 1.0 txij li peb lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog mus rau ob lub teb. Qhov zaus ntawm CD4-CD8- T hlwb hauv cov npua hnub nyoog ib hlis yog 31.1 ± 7.2% thiab 25.6 ± 5.4% ntawm cov liaj teb A thiab B, feem. Ntawm ob lub teb, qhov zaus tseem zoo sib xws thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis tab sis tom qab ntawd nce mus txog qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm tsib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog (Daim duab 2C). Qhov zaus ntawm CD4+CD8+ T hlwb yog qis tshaj ntawm ib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog nrog 3.3 ± 1.1% thiab 4.0± 1.0% ntawm teb A thiab B, raws li. Qhov zaus no tau nce ntxiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb A, nws tseem nyob ruaj khov tom qab ntawd, thaum ua liaj ua teb B nws maj mam nce ntxiv mus txog plaub lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog kom txo qis dua thaum muaj hnub nyoog tsib lub hlis (Daim duab 2D).

Daim duab 1 Muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc hauv cov noob thiab npua. A, C

Daim duab 2 Lub hli zaus (%) ntawm CD3+ T cell subsets hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua. A

Fig. 3 Persistence of circulating proliferating CD3+ T hlwb hauv npua. A, B

Kev loj hlob ntawm T cell

M. hypopnea moniae-stimulated PBMCs tau txheeb xyuas los tshawb xyuas qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm T cells proliferating. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 3A thiab B, proliferating CD3+ T hlwb muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua ntawm txhua lub sij hawm sampling ntawm ob lub teb tom qab nyob rau hauv vitro stimulation nrog M. hyopneumoniae bacterin, txawm tias feem pua ​​ntawm ib co tsiaj muaj siab dua nyob rau hauv cov duab. ua liaj ua teb A. Nyob rau hauv liaj teb A, qhov feem pua ​​ntawm proliferating T hlwb txo qis thaum muaj rau lub hlis ntawm lub hnub nyoog raws li piv rau cov feem pua ​​ntawm tsib lub hlis ntawm lub hnub nyoog, thaum nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb B, tsis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb txo los yog nce nyob rau hauv feem pua ​​ntawm proliferating T hlwb yuav ua tau. raug soj ntsuam. Te CD4−CD8− T hlwb yog cov tseem ceeb CD3+ T cell subset proliferating nyob rau hauv teb rau M. hyopneumoniae stimulation ntawm ob lub teb, ua raws li CD4+CD8− T cell subset (Figures 3 C thiab D).

Daim duab 4 Circulating Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc cytokine-producing CD4+CD8+ T hlwb nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua ntawm ob lub teb. A

T cell cytokine ntau lawm

Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev pom zoo dua rau qhov muaj thiab nyob tsis tu ncua ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-specifc T hlwb hauv npua, TNF- , IFN- , thiab IL-17Kev tsim tawm los ntawm cov ntshav PBMCs txhawb nqa hauv vitro nrog M. hyopneumoniae kab mob raug soj ntsuam los ntawm flow cytometry. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 4, ntawm ob lub teb, txhawb CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tsim cytokines, uas tau hais ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv npua ntawm ib tug hluas hnub nyoog. Qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- + CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tau txo qis hauv cov npua hauv liaj teb A los ntawm ib mus rau ob lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog thiab txij li ob mus rau peb lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb B. A poob tseem ceeb hauv IFN- + CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tau pom txij li hnub nyoog ib mus rau ob lub hlis hauv npua ntawm ob lub teb thiab txij li ob mus rau peb lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb B. Te Feem pua ​​​​ntawm CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tsim tau ob qho tib si TNF- thiab IFN- txo qis hauv npua los ntawm ib mus rau ob lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb A thiab los ntawm ob mus rau peb lub hlis ntawm ua liaj ua teb B. Ntawm ib lub hlis ntawm lub hnub nyoog, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm IL-17A+ CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tau siab dua piv rau feem pua ​​​​ntawm hnub nyoog ob lub hlis, tab sis qhov sib txawv no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Plaub tus tsiaj hauv liaj teb B uas kuaj M. hyopneumoniae zoo thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis muaj cov cytokine zoo sib xws los ntawm CD4+CD8+ T hlwb piv rau M. hyopneumoniae cov tsiaj tsis zoo. Ntxiv rau CD4+CD8+ T cell subset, peb kuj tau pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cytokine ntau lawm los ntawm lwm cov T cell subsets ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb B. Daim duab 5 qhia cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov lus teb meej thiab qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cytokine los ntawm Lwm qhov T cell subsets uas tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv liaj teb B. Rau lwm qhov tsis zoo thiab ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb A, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev tsim cov cytokine ntawm CD4-CD8+, CD4+CD8− lossis CD4− CD8-T cell. Te feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- + CD4+CD8- T hlwb tau nce ntau, thaum feem pua ​​​​ntawm IFN- + CD4-CD8+ T hlwb poob qis los ntawm ib mus rau ob lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog. Nco ntsoov, tus npua uas yog M. hyopneumoniae zoo thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis nrog 7 M. hyopneumoniae kab mob / µL DNA muaj feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- + CD4+CD8− thiab IL-17 A+ CD4-CD8+ T hlwb hauv nws cov ntshav. Lwm tus M. hyopneumoniae-zoo npua thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis muaj feem pua ​​​​ntawm cytokine-tsim T hlwb rau M. hyopneumoniae-negative npua.

Daim duab 5 Circulating Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc cytokine-producing T cell subsets nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua ntawm teb B. A

Ntawm txhua qhov ua liaj ua teb, M. hyopneumoniae-specifc MDA muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm 20 ob ​​hnub-hnub piglets thiab tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tsib piglets, uas tuaj ntawm sow yam tsis muaj M. hyopneumoniae-specifc serum antibodies. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas yog tias MDA muaj kev cuam tshuam rau M. hyopneumoniae-specifc tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes-kho tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov sib txawv tau tsim los ntawm piglets nrog thiab tsis muaj MDA, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm ob pawg tau tshawb xyuas rau T cell subsets uas tseem ceeb. Qhov sib txawv tau pom nyob rau hauv cytokine ntau lawm (Figures 6A–E). Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb B, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- + CD4+CD8+ T hlwb zoo li siab dua hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog ib hlis nrog MDA, piv rau ib hlis-laus npua tsis muaj MDA. Rau lwm cov cytokine-tsim CD4+CD8+ T hlwb, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm qhov nruab nrab tau zoo sib xws ntawm ob pawg npua ntawm ib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog, ntawm txhua lub teb. Sij hawm dhau mus, muaj qhov txo qis hauv qhov nruab nrab feem pua ​​​​ntawm cytokine-tsim CD4+CD8+ T hlwb hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua tsuas yog me me rau tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm rau lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog ntawm npua nrog thiab tsis muaj. MDA (Daim duab 6A-C). Tib yam tau pom zoo rau IFN- - tsim CD8+ T hlwb hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua ntawm thaj chaw B (Daim duab 6D). Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib thiab ob lub hlis, qhov nruab nrab feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- + CD4+CD8− T hlwb ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb B zoo ib yam rau cov npua uas muaj lossis tsis muaj MDA, thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis, feem pua ​​ntau dua ntawm TNF- - tsim CD4+CD8- T hlwb tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua yam tsis muaj MDA (Daim duab 6E).

cistanche ntxiv cov txiaj ntsig-nce kev tiv thaiv

Kev sib tham

Qhov no yog thawj txoj kev tshawb fawb muab kev nkag siab rau lub sijhawm ntev M. hyopneumoniae-specifc txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov npua txij thaum yug mus txog rau kev tua nyob rau hauv thaj chaw. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob humoral hauv cov ntshav, soj ntsuam nrog IDEXX ELISA, tsis tuaj tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tab sis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes. Kev loj hlob ntawm T hlwb tom qab hauv vitro M. hyopneumoniae stimulation tau pom txog thaum kawg ntawm lub sijhawm fattening. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib hlis, tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae, M. hyopneumoniae-specific cytokine-producing CD4+CD8+ T cells, uas suav nrog T hlwb, muaj tab sis txo qis nrog lub hnub nyoog nce. . Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv niam txiv tsis zoo li cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob humoral thiab cell-mediated-induced immune teb thaum lub neej ntawm npua, tshwj tsis yog muaj TNF- + CD4+CD8+ T hlwb . Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv piglets ntawm theem ua liaj ua teb, peb suav nrog ob lub lag luam ua liaj ua teb. Txawm hais tias kev ncig ntawm M. hyopneumoniae tau xav tias nyob rau hauv ob lub teb, cov npua kawm tseem tshuav M. hyopneumoniae tsis zoo rau tag nrho cov kev sim, tshwj tsis yog plaub npua ntawm ua liaj ua teb B thaum kawg ntawm qhov kev sim, uas tso cai rau peb tshawb xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob ntuj. Plaub M. hyopneumoniae PCR-zoo npua thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hlis ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb B tsis muaj ntau dua M. hyopneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb piv rau PCR-negative npua. Tsuas yog ib tus npua, lawv kuj tsis muaj feem pua ​​​​ntawm cytokine-tsim T hlwb hauv lawv cov ntshav tom qab hauv vitro M. hyopneumoniae stimulation. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tus kab mob M. hyopneumoniae yuav tshwm sim sai sai ua ntej lub sijhawm kuaj, uas tsis tso cai rau lub cev tsis muaj sijhawm txaus los teb tus kabmob [29–31]. Hauv peb ntawm plaub M. hyopneumoniae-zoo npua, cov kab mob thauj khoom hauv cov qauv TBS kuj tseem qis dua.

Daim duab 6 Qhov nruab nrab feem pua ​​​​ntawm Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc cytokine-producing T cell subsets los ntawm niam txiv derived antibody qib. AC

Cov qib tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov npua hnub nyoog ob hnub sib txuas nrog cov qib ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-specifc cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov ntshav thiab colostrum los ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm farrowing, lees paub qhov kev hloov ntawm M. hyopneumoniae tshwj xeeb kev tiv thaiv niam txiv ntawm colostrum [22, 23]. Seroconversion tsis tau pom tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 hnub. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qib ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tau txo qis thaum lub sijhawm nrog txhua tus tsiaj ua tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob M. hyopneumoniae kev lag luam siv hauv txoj kev tshawb no paub tias ua rau muaj kev txwv tsis pub hloov pauv tom qab ib qho kev tswj hwm, uas kuj tau pom hauv cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los [14, 32, 33]. Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav, ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv piglets nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cev, 40% ntawm cov tsiaj tau seroconverted 3 lub lis piam tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, thaum nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim, tsuas yog 3 tawm ntawm 40 npua seroconverted 7 lub lis piam tom qab txhaj tshuaj [14, 32]. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov muaj (lossis tsis muaj) ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-specifc cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv (lossis tsis muaj) tiv thaiv kab mob [14, 25, 34]. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev tawm tsam facultative intracellular thiab extracellular kab mob xws li M. hyopneumoniae, CD4+CD8− T pab hlwb, feem ntau T1 thiab T17 hlwb, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. T1 hlwb tsim IFN-, uas ua rau cov macrophages tua cov kab mob, thaum T17 hlwb tsim IL-17A los tiv thaiv cov mucosal barrier [35–38]. Tsis ntev los no, nws tau pom tias tsawg feem pua ​​​​ntawm M. hyopneumoniae hlwb kuj tuaj yeem pom hauv lub cev, thiab muab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm CD4-CD8+ cytotoxic T hlwb hauv kev tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev tiv thaiv cov kab mob hauv lub cev, cov cytotoxic T hlwb. Tej zaum kuj tseem ceeb heev los tswj cov kab mob M. hyopneumoniae [31, 35, 39]. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cov kinetics ntawm qhov sib txawv T cell subset zaus thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov T cell kom proliferate tom qab hauv vitro M. hyopneumoniae stimulation, PBMCs raug cais tawm ntawm piglets ntawm ob lub teb. Tus qauv ntawm T cell subset zaus zoo ib yam ntawm ob lub teb no. Raws li lwm cov kev tshawb fawb, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm CD4+CD8− T hlwb siab dua li feem pua ​​​​ntawm CD4-CD8+ T hlwb thaum yau. Nrog rau lub hnub nyoog nce, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm CD4+CD8− T hlwb txo qis, thaum feem pua ​​ntawm CD4-CD8+ T hlwb nce ua rau txo CD4/CD8 piv rau lub sijhawm [40–42]. Piglets yug los yuav luag tsis muaj CD4+CD8+ T hlwb. Cov hlwb no nce nrog lub hnub nyoog thaum npua muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob, vim qee lub hlwb muaj cov kab mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev nco [5, 22, 42–44]. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv A, qhov zaus ntawm CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tseem nyob rau tib theem txij li ob lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog mus txog. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb B, tau nce zuj zus mus txog plaub lub hlis ntawm lub hnub nyoog, raws li xav tau, txawm hais tias feem pua ​​​​ntawm CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tau qis dua tom qab ntawd. Sib piv T cell subsets nrog lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tseem nyuaj vim PBMCs hauv txoj kev tshawb no tsis tau ntsuas ncaj qha tom qab kuaj ntshav, tab sis thawj zaug incubated rau 20 teev ua ntej ntsuas qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm T cell subpopulations. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specifc proliferation ntawm CD3+ T hlwb tau txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum kawg ntawm lub sijhawm fattening, paub meej tias muaj M. hyo pneumoniae-specifc T hlwb hauv cov ntshav ntawm npua txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 hnub. Lub xub ntiag ntawm M. hyopneumoniae tshwj xeeb proliferating T hlwb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws enzootic vim tias kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau pom tias muaj peev xwm ntawm PBMCs kom loj hlob, tom qab hauv vitro stimulation nrog mitogen ConA, muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv npua [45 ]. Te CD4−CD8− T hlwb yog lub ntsiab T cell subset proliferating ntawm ob lub teb ua raws li CD4+CD8− T hlwb nrog feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov sij hawm hloov. Hauv cov npua, feem ntau CD4-CD8- T hlwb dais invariant δ T cell receptors nyob rau hauv sib piv rau antigen-specific T hlwb [31, 42]. Raws li kev kis kab mob ntawm npua nrog lwm cov kab mob xws li PRRSV, δ T hlwb kuj yog cov lus teb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tom qab PRRSV viremia [46]. Cov T hlwb tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv npua tiv thaiv kab mob swine fever [47]. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv bronchoalveolar lavage kua los ntawm npua kis nrog Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, qhov nce hauv CD8- δ T hlwb tau pom [48]. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog tsim nyog los tshawb xyuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm δ T hlwb hauv kev tswj thiab tiv thaiv kab mob M. hyopneumoniae. Hauv kev txheeb xyuas rov qab, cov txheej txheem T cell sib txawv tau raug soj ntsuam rau lawv cov khoom tsim ntawm TNF- , IFN- , thiab IL-17A. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- -, IFN- - thiab TNF- /IFN- - tsim CD4+CD8+ T hlwb tau txo qis. piv rau feem pua ​​ntawm ib lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog. Tom qab ntawd, cov feem pua ​​​​tau hloov pauv, lawv tau txo qis ntxiv lossis nyob ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm. Tib tus qauv tau pom rau IL-17A-tsim CD4+CD8+ T hlwb, txawm tias tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv gilts txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv PRRSV, IFN- ntau lawm los ntawm PBMCs kuj tau pom txog 42 hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug, tab sis txo qis tom qab mus txog 147 hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj [49]. Ntau tus lej ntawm IFN- secreting lymphocytes tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob M. hyo pneumoniae tau pom yav dhau los [9, 10].

Suab puam nyob cistanchetubulosa

Tsis ntev los no, pov thawj tau sau tseg tias polyfunctional T hlwb, uas tsim ntau tshaj ib cytokine, muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob. Piv txwv li, hauv npua kis kab mob Chlamydia, polyfunctional CD4+CD8− T hlwb raug cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv [50]. Kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm piglets tiv thaiv M. hyo pneumoniae kuj nce feem pua ​​​​ntawm polyfunctional CD4+CD8− thiab CD4−CD8+ T cells [12]. Hauv lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv npua tiv thaiv PCV2 ua rau ntau dua TNF- +/IFN- + CD4+CD8+ T hlwb ntawm 24 hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, txo qis dua mus rau qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev tshawb no ntawm 56 hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv [51]. Hauv peb txoj kev tshawb fawb, peb kuj tau pom tias muaj cov cytokine-tsim CD{19}}CD8+ T hlwb poob qis thaum lub sijhawm. Txoj kev tshawb no tsom mus rau cov ntshav lymphocytes, tab sis kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj ua rau hauv zos M. hyopneumoniae-specific cell-mediated immune responses in the ntsws thiab bronchial lymph nodes [8]. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej ntawm M. hyo pneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv zos. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov piglets tsuas yog siv ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae coj mus muag hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vim lawv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (adjuvant thiab antigen) thiab txoj kev tswj hwm [16, 52, 53]. Piv txwv li, carbopol, adjuvant nyob rau hauv kev lag luam M. hyopneumoniae tshuaj tiv thaiv siv, yog paub los coj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm T1 teb [54]. Ntawm txhua qhov ua liaj ua teb, tsib piglets tau M. hyopneumoniae seronegative, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm 20 piglets M. hyopneu mobile-specific MDA tau tshwm sim. Txawm hais tias lawv cov xwm txheej MDA, txhua tus npua yog M. hyopneumoniae seronegative thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis, thiab seroconversion tsis tau pom tom qab cov ntsiab lus. Peb qhov kev tshawb pom sib raug nrog kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los uas xya-hnub qub piglets nrog thiab tsis muaj MDA tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae [25]. Hauv ob pawg, seroconversion tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau pom thiab tag nrho cov npua tau ua tsis zoo tom qab 42 hnub tom qab txhaj tshuaj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lwm tus pom tias kev txhaj tshuaj M. hyopneumoniae nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm MDA ua rau muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua piv rau cov piglets uas tsis tau txhaj tshuaj, tab sis qhov siab dua qhov titer ntawm MDA, qhov lus teb qis dua [24, 26]. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis yog ib txwm pom tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv M. hyopneumoniae, M. hyopneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog induced [26]. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tau pom nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm PBMCs cais los ntawm M. hyopneumoniae-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv npua tsis hais txog qib ntawm MDA [26]. Hauv peb txoj kev tshawb fawb, hauv txhua qhov ua liaj ua teb, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv hauv cytokine-tsim T hlwb ntawm M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv npua nrog thiab tsis muaj MDA thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib hlis. Tsuas yog hauv kev ua liaj ua teb B, piglets nrog MDA nyiam muaj feem pua ​​​​ntawm TNF- + CD4+CD8+ T hlwb ntawm ib hlis ntawm hnub nyoog piv rau piglets tsis muaj MDA. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov kev tshawb pom no yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas ntxiv hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb nrog rau qhov loj thiab sib npaug ntawm piglets nrog thiab tsis muaj M. hyopneumoniae-specifc MDA. Kaum ib qho kev txheeb cais yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov no tsis tau ua tiav hauv txoj kev tshawb no vim tias cov tsiaj tsawg thiab tsis sib npaug ntawm cov pab pawg tsis muaj thiab nrog MDA. Hauv kev xaus, txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tau pom tias, txawm hais tias seroconversion tom qab M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm piglets tsis muaj, M. hyopneumoniae-specific cell-mediated immune teb tau kuaj pom. Polyfunctional cytokine-producing CD4+CD8+ T hlwb muaj nyob rau peb lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog thiab proliferating T hlwb raug soj ntsuam mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub fattening lub sij hawm qhia tau hais tias muaj ib tug pathogen-specific cell-mediated kev tiv thaiv. hauv M. hyopneumoniae txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv npua. Cov txiaj ntsig tau tsim lub hauv paus rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los soj ntsuam kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus kab mob M. hyopneumoniae ntuj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob hauv thaj chaw.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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