Cov teebmeem ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm Cistanche
Sep 22, 2022
Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm Cistanche Cistanche, thiab kawm txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov zoo ntawm Cistanche Cistanche.
Txoj kev: txawv kev kho ua ntej ziab (unsliced thiab tsis steamed, unsliced thiab steamed rau 20 min, tshiab sliced, steamed rau 5 min tom qab tshiab slices) thiab qhuav txoj kev (80, 70, 60, 50 degree kom qhuav, ntuj Cov ntsiab lus ntawmechinacoside cov tshuaj, lus verbascoside, cistanoside A, isoverbasin, 2′-acetylverbasoside, tuberoside Athiabpolysaccharidenyob rau hauv cov qauv Cistanche uas tau tshav-dhuav, qhuav nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo, thiab khov-dried tau txiav txim siab, thiab cov qhab-nees zoo tau siv. Txoj kev ua ntawmCistanchetau optimized los ntawm txoj kev, qhov saj ntawm cov qauv yog txiav txim los ntawm hluav taws xob tus nplaig technology, qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov qauv yog indirectly soj ntsuam los ntawm rehydration tus nqi thiab hardness Performance index, thiab cov correlation ntawm lawv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb Cheebtsam tau kawm.
TSEEM CEEB: Txoj kev sib tw ua tiav tau siv los xaiv txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Cistanche tshiab, steaming rau 20 min thiab tom qab ziab ntawm 60 degree. Txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib txheeb pom tau tias qhov saj, kev ntxhib los mos thiab lwm yam zoo sib xws nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qee cov khoom sib txawv. .
Xaus: Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawmCistanche, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav hauv lub hauv paus chiv keeb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus cwj pwm xws li saj thiab kev ntxhib los mos tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj rau qee yam, uas yooj yim rau kev txheeb xyuas sai ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj zoo.
Cov lus tseem ceebCistanche; keeb kwm kev ua; phenylethanol glycosides (Phg); polysaccharides; hluav taws xob tus nplaig; cov cim
DawbQauv ntawm Cistanche Extract Powder
Cistancheyog qhov qhuav scaly qia ntawmCistanche DeserticolaYC Ma orCistanche Tubulosa(Schenk) Wight, uas muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm invigorating raum yang,nourishing essence thiab ntshav, moistening plab hnyuv, thiab laxative [1].
Kev ua ntawmCistanchetau xyaum txij thaum ub. Nyob rau hauv "Zhenglei Materia Medica", muaj ib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm "txiav rau lub Tsib Hlis 5 thiab ziab hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo". Cov txheej txheem ua tam sim no suav nrog ziab, salting, thiab cellaring. Vim lub ntim loj ntawmCistanche, cov ntsiab lus qab zib siab thiab nyuaj rau ziab, cov txheej txheem saum toj no tsis tsuas yog siv sijhawm ntev, ua haujlwm hnyav, thiab yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntuj, tab sis kuj nrog lub sijhawm dhau los thiab cov moisturizing thib ob, cov khoom xyaw nquag tau poob yooj yim, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kho mob [2].
Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej qhov zoo thiab uniformity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj ntawmCistanche, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov hauv paus chiv keeb, thiaj li ua tau raws li tus qauv thiab qauv. Raws li cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tshuaj hauv thaj chaw tsim khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawmCistanchenyob rau hauv qhov chaw tsim khoom nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no [3-6], qhov kev sim no coj lub cev qia ntawm Cistanche tshiab ua cov khoom tshawb fawb los tshawb xyuas cov kev kho ua ntej ziab thiab ziab ntawm Cistanche, siv ntau qhov ntsuas. Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov zoo ntawmCistanchethiab optimize qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub ntau lawm cheeb tsam, nws aims los muab lub hauv paus rau tus qauv ntawm kev ua nyob rau hauv ntau lawm cheeb tsam ntawmCistanche, thiab muab ib txoj kev siv tshiab rau kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev tswj tag nrho ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj zoo ntawmCistanche.
1 Cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv
1.1 Cov cuab yeej
Agilent 1260 kev ua haujlwm siab ua kua chromatograph (Agilent Company, USA); UV6100S UV spectrophotometer (Shanghai Meipuda Instrument Co., Ltd.); ASTREE II tus nplaig hluav taws xob (Fabkis Alpha MOS Company); FA2004 analytical tshuav nyiaj li cas (Shanghai Sunny Hengping) Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.); DV215CD Analytical Balance (Ohaus Instrument Co., Ltd.); GY-4 Digital Hardness Tester (Yueqing Aidelberg Instrument Co., Ltd.); SB-3200DTN Ultrasonic Cleaner (Ningbo Xinzhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).
1.2 Cov khoom siv
Echinacea (Lot: Y29M10H84490), Verbasin (Ntau: Y21A9H59554), Cistanoside A (Ntau: P14N9F74960), Isorrascoside (Lot: Y12D8H50507), 2′-Acetyl Verbasin: P26 (N26) Tube F66 (N26) Cov khoom raug yuav los ntawm Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., pawg pawg Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 98 feem pua; D-anhydrous glucose siv tshuaj (batch tooj: 110833-201707, Tuam Tshoj National Institute for Food and Drug Control); acetonitrile Nws yog qib chromatographic; tus so ntawm cov reagents yog ntawm analytical qib. Cov tshiabCistancherau qhov kev sim tau sau los ntawm covKev cog qoob loo cistanchepuag ntawm Hongkuisha Industrial Development Co., Ltd. ntawm Inner Mongolia AlxaCistanchePab pawg nyob rau lub Kaum Hlis 2019. Succulent stems nrog scaly nplooj. Cov qoob loo tshiabCistanchetau sib xyaw ua ke thiab sib faib ua pawg. Txhua pawg ntawm cov qauv raug teem kom muaj 3 replicates. Cov qauv kev kho mob muaj nyob rau hauv Table 1.
2 Cov txheej txheem thiab cov txiaj ntsig
2.1 Kev txiav txim siab ntawm phenylethanol glycosides
2.1.1 Chromatographic tej yam kev mob: Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 kem (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) tau siv, theem mobile yog 0.1 feem pua formic acid tov (A)-acetonitrile (B), gradient elution (0 ~ 10 min, 9 feem pua ~ 15 feem pua B; 10 ~ 40 min, 15 feem pua ~ 26 feem pua B; 40 ~ 45 min, 26 feem pua ~ 9 feem pua B;
Tus nqi ntws yog 1.0 mL/min; qhov ntsuas wavelength yog 330 nm; qhov kub thiab txias yog 30 degree; Qhov ntim txhaj tshuaj yog 10 μL, thiab chromatogram yog qhia hauv daim duab 1.
2.1.2 Kev npaj cov tshuaj siv tshuaj: Precisely hnyav qhov tsim nyog ntawm echinacoside, verbascoside,cistanoside A, isoverbasin, 2′-acetylverbasin, thiab tuberoside A, thiab muab tso rau hauv 5 mL Nyob rau hauv ib tug xim av volumetric hwj, yaj nrog 50 feem pua methanol thiab dilute rau ntim los npaj ib tug siv tshuaj nrog concentrations ntawm {{6} }.809, {{10}}.932, 0.185, 0.272, 0.582, thiab 0.068 mg/mL, feem.
2.1.3 Kev npaj cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas: Noj 0.5 g ntawmCistanche Tubulosacoj cov hmoov nplej (dhau los ntawm No. 4 sieve), ntsuas kom raug, muab tso rau hauv lub khob ntim xim av, ntxiv 25 mL ntawm 5 0 feem pua methanol, kaw kom nruj, thiab hnyav. Tom qab immersion rau 30 min, ultrasonication (150 W, 40 kHz) rau 40 min, cia nws txias thiab ces ua kom qhov hnyav, co zoo, cia sawv ntsug, coj lub supernatant thiab lim nws nrog 0.45 μm microporous membrane.
2.2 Kev txiav txim siab ntawm polysaccharides
2.2.1 Kev npaj cov tshuaj siv tshuaj: noj 10.03 mg ntawm D-anhydroglucose siv cov khoom siv, ua kom hnyav, yaj hauv dej thiab dilute rau 100 mL kom tau txais cov tshuaj siv tshuaj nrog qhov concentration ntawm 100.3 ug / mL.
2.2.2 Kev npaj ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas: noj 0.5 g ntawm Cistanche Tubulosa qauv hmoov (dhau los ntawm ib tug No. 4 sieve), raug luj nws, muab tso rau hauv ib tug stoppered conical hwj, ntxiv 25 mL ntawm 80 feem pua ethanol, thiab sonicate ntawm 80 degree . (150 W, 40 kHz) rau 30 min, lim thaum kub, thiab rov muab rho tawm ib zaug. Tom qab cov lim residue tau evaporated rau dryness, 25 mL dej ntxiv, thiab sonicated rau 30 min. , Precisely kos 1 mL ntawm kev daws thiab dilute nws mus rau 10 mL.
2.2.3 Kev kuaj xyuas cov xwm txheej: noj 2 mL ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawmCistanche, ntxiv 1 mL ntawm 6% phenol reagent, co zoo, sai sai ntxiv 5 mL ntawm concentrated sulfuric acid, co rau 5 feeb, cua sov hauv boiling dej da dej rau 15 feeb, txias, thiab qhov chaw ntawm 482 degree. Absorbance tau ntsuas ntawm nm. Siv dej es tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas raws li kev tswj tsis pub muaj.
2.3 Kev soj ntsuam ntawm txoj kev sib raug zoo Dilute cov kev siv tshuaj raws li ib qho piv txwv los npaj ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, thiab ntsuas raws li cov qauv saum toj no. Noj cov concentration ntawm cov kev siv tshuaj raws li lub abscissa, thiab lub ncov cheeb tsam los yog absorbance raws li lub ordinate. Linear regression, cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia hauv Table 2.
2.4 Methodological tshawb nrhiav
2.4.1 Precision xeem:
Kos txhua qhov kev daws teeb meem, thiab ntsuas nws tsis tu ncua rau 6 zaug raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab "2.1.1" thiab "2.2.3", thiab suav kom tau echinacoside, verbascoside,cistanoside A, isaveraside, 2′ RSDs ntawm thaj chaw ncov ntawm -Acetyl Verbasoside thiab Tuberoside A thiab cov piam thaj absorbance yog 0.76 feem pua , 0.53 feem pua , 0.81 feem pua , 0.25 feem pua , {{10}}.44 feem pua , 0.62 feem pua , 0. . 49 feem pua , qhia tias qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau zoo.
2.4.2 Repeatability test:
Siv 6 daim ntawv luam ntawm tib batch ntawmCistancherau kev kuaj hmoov, ntsuas kom raug, npaj cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab "2.1.3" "2.2.2", thiab nias "2.1.1" "2.2". 2.3", qhov xam RSDs ntawm echinacoside, verbascoside, cistanoside A, isoverbasin, 2'-acetylverbasoside, tuberoside A, thiab polysaccharide yog 0.82 feem pua, raws li., 1.47 feem pua , 0.88 feem pua , 1.53 feem pua , 0.55 feem pua , 0.44 feem pua , 1.13 feem pua , qhia tias txoj kev muaj zoo repeatability.
2.4.3 Stability Test:
Yog kos lub xeem daws ntawmCistanchenyob rau hauv cov khoom "2.1.3", thiab txhaj cov qauv ntawm 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, thiab 24 h raws li chromatographic tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv cov khoom "2.1.1", thiab xam cov ntoo thuv cones. RSDs ntawm thaj chaw ncov ntawm chrysanthemum glycoside, verbascoside, cistanoside A, isoverascoside, 2′-acetylverbasoside, thiab tuberoside A yog 0. 47 feem pua , 1. 12 feem pua , 0. 42 feem pua, {{20}}. 65, ua. feem pua , 0.57 feem pua , 0.47 feem pua , qhia tias cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo hauv 24 teev; yog nqus cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawmCistanchenyob rau hauv "2.2.2", nias "2.2.3" Cov kev kuaj pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom raug ntsuas ntawm 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, thiab 240 min feem, thiab RSD ntawm absorbance ntawm polysaccharide tau suav tias yog 1.24 feem pua , qhia tias qhov kev sim tshuaj tau ruaj khov hauv 240 min.
2.4.4 Sample recovery test:
Noj 6 feem ntawmCistancherau kev kuaj cov hmoov uas paub cov ntsiab lus, txhua feem yog 0.25 g, raug hnyav, ntxiv
Ntxiv cov kev daws teeb meem nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw hauv cov qauv, npaj cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab "2.1.3" "2.2.2", thiab raws li "2.1.1" "2.2. ntsuas los ntawm txoj kev hauv qab cov khoom 3", thiab suav kom tau Echinacea
24% , 1{{20}}2. 69 feem pua, 101. 13 feem pua, 101. 13 feem pua, 101. 13 feem pua, 101. 13 feem pua, 101. 102. 38 feem pua, 101. 27 feem pua, 99. 94 feem pua, 99. 23 feem pua, RSD yog 0. 928 feem pua, feem pua , 0. 86 feem pua , 1. 26 feem pua , 1. 13 feem pua , 0. 94 feem pua , 2. 34 feem pua , qhia tias ob txoj kev yog qhov tseeb thiab txhim khu kev qha.
2.5 Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom nquag hauv Cistanche Cov ntsiab lus ntawm echinacoside thiab verbascoside hauvCistanchecov qauv yog siab dua 0.30 feem pua, uas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog 2020 tsab ntawm Suav Pharmacopoeia [1].
Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias tag nrho cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj qhuav qhuav yog siab dua li cov khoom tshiab, thiab tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov khoom ntsuas hauv cov qauv steamed RZ3 ua ntej ziab yog qhov siab tshaj plaws. feem pua , uas yog ntau tshaj 14 npaug ntawm qib uas tau teev tseg hauv Pharmacopoeia. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag tom qab steaming thiab ua cov khoom siv tshuaj hauv lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog siab dua. Los ntawm kev sib piv cov teebmeem ntawm lub hnub-qhuav, ntxoov ntxoo-qhuav, moj tej tawg ziab thiab khov-drying ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv unsliced thiab steamed Cistanche Cistanche, nws tau pom tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm echinacoside hauv cov qauv RZ2 yog qhov siab tshaj; Cov ntsiab lus ntawm '-acetylverbasin thiab tuberoside A yog qhov siab tshaj, cov ntsiab lus ntawmCistancheA hauv cov qauv RZ6 yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm polysaccharide hauv cov qauv RZ5 yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, qhia tias cov txheej txheem ziab qhuav sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv Cistanche.Cistanche. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv ntau qhov ntsuas los ntsuas nws qhov zoo.
AHP txoj kev siv los txiav txim qhov hnyav coefficient ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov zoo ntawmCistanche, thiab qhov hnyav coefficients ntawm xya qhov ntsuas ntawm echinacoside, verbascoside, cistanoside A, isoverbasin glycoside, 2′-acetylverbasic glycoside, piploside A thiab polysaccharide raug xam raws. 0.2668, 0.2668, 0.1626, 0.{{1{12}}}}958, 0.0958, 0.0561, 0.0561 ib.
Raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas hauvCistanche, the 7 indicators were divided into 4 levels, and the priority order of each indicator was determined: echinacoside=verbasicose glycosides>cistanoside A>isoverbasin glycosides=2′-acetyl group Verbasin>tuberosin A{{0}}polysaccharide, yog li tsim lub sijhawm txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev sib piv ua ke. Qhov sib npaug sib npaug sib npaug CR yog qhov ntsuas ntsuas seb qhov tau txais qhov hnyav coefficient puas tsim nyog. Hauv qhov kev sim no, CR= 0. 0066 < 0.="" 10,="" qhia="" tias="" qhov="" kev="" txiav="" txim="" siab="" qhov="" tseem="" ceeb="" matrix="" rau="" kev="" sib="" piv="" ua="" ke="" ntawm="" cov="" ntsuas="" ntsuas="" tau="" ua="" raws="" li="" qhov="" ntsuas="" qhov="" sib="">
Cov coefficient yog qhov tsim nyog thiab siv tau zoo, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib tw ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawmCistanche [7].
Txhawm rau ua kom cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws, cov ntsuas ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo, tus qauv yog yi=xi-xmin*xmax-xmin, qhov twg yi yog tus nqi ntawm qhov ntsuas, xi yog tus nqi tiag tiag qhov taw qhia, thiab xmax thiab xmin yog cov cim qhia raws. Qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov pab pawg, thiab cov qhab nia qhov hnyav yog xam raws li tus qauv K=y1 × l1 ntxiv y2 × l2 ntxiv ... y6 × l6 ntxiv y7 × l7, qhov K yog cov qhab nia zoo , y1, y2…y6, y7 feem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov normalization ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm echinacoside, verbascoside, cistanoside A, isoverascoside, 2′-acetylverbasic glycoside, tuberoside A, thiab polysaccharide. Qhov hnyav. Cov qhab-nees qhab-nees tau pom tau tias tag nrho qhov zoo ntawm tus qauv RZ3 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, uas yog, tag nrho cov tshiab.Cistanchetau steamed rau 20 min thiab tom qab ntawd qhuav ntawm 60 degree raws li txoj kev ua zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia hauv Table 3.
