Antioxidant Thiab Anti-Skin Aging Peev Xwm Ntawm Cov Nroj Tsuag Thaib Xaiv: Hauv Vitro Kev Ntsuas Thiab Hauv Silico Target Prediction Part 1

Abstract: Cov tawv nqaij yog lub cev loj tshaj plaws uas ua tau ntau yam ntawm lub cev lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kev ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm laus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj dav dav qhia tias cov hom pa oxygen reactive ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev ua kom cov enzymes cuam tshuam. Ntawm no, 16 hom nroj tsuag tshuaj Thaib tau tshuaj xyuas rau lawv cov peev xwm tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tag nrho cov extracts tau raug soj ntsuam rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus phenolic thiab flavonoid, antioxidant, anti-elastase, thiab antityrosinase kev ua ub no, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tebchaw nrog lub hom phiaj enzymes los ntawm molecular docking. Ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, nplooj ntawm A. occidentale thiab G. zeylanicum pom muaj zog antioxidants thiab inhibition tiv thaiv elastase thiab tyrosinase. Lwm cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm suav nrog S. alata nplooj thiab A. catechu txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nrog cov kev ua haujlwm siab tiv thaiv elastase thiab tiv thaiv tyrosinase, feem. Cov txiaj ntsig no kuj zoo ib yam nrog kev tshawb fawb docking ntawm cov tebchaw uas tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no. Cov tshuaj inhibitory tau pom tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog phenolics ntau dua li flavonoids. Ua ke, peb qhov kev tshawb pom tau nthuav tawm qee cov nroj tsuag Thaib, nrog rau cov neeg sib tw sib txuas ua cov khoom siv ntuj tsim antioxidants thiab muaj zog inhibitors ntawm elastase thiab tyrosinase, tuaj yeem tsim los ua cov neeg cog lus thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Glycoside ntawm cistanche tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv plawv thiab daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm lipofuscin thiab MDA hauv txhua cov ntaub so ntswg, tshem tawm ntau yam reactive oxygen radicals (OH-, H₂O₂, thiab lwm yam) thiab tiv thaiv DNA puas. los ntawm OH-radicals. Cistanche phenylethanoid glycosides muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, muaj peev xwm txo tau ntau dua li cov vitamin C, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv cov phev ncua, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA, thiab muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov phev membrane muaj nuj nqi. Cistanche polysaccharides tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm SOD thiab GSH-Px hauv erythrocytes thiab ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas senescent sim los ntawm D-galactose, nrog rau txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA thiab collagen hauv lub ntsws thiab ntshav, thiab nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm elastin, muaj Cov nyhuv scavenging zoo ntawm DPPH, ncua lub sijhawm ntawm hypoxia hauv cov nas senescent, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm SOD hauv cov ntshav, thiab ncua lub physiological degeneration ntawm lub ntsws hauv kev sim cov nas nrog cellular morphological degeneration, kev sim tau pom tias Cistanche muaj peev xwm antioxidant zoo. thiab muaj peev xwm los ua ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, echinacoside hauv Cistanche muaj lub peev xwm tseem ceeb txhawm rau txhawm rau DPPH dawb radicals thiab muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov pa oxygen reactive thiab tiv thaiv dawb radical-induced collagen degradation, thiab kuj muaj kev kho zoo ntawm thymine dawb radical anion puas.

Nyem rau rou cong rong cov txiaj ntsig

【Yog xav paub ntxiv:george.deng@wecistanche.com / WhatApp:86 13632399501 】

Ntsiab lus: phytomedicine; anti-aging; antioxidant; anti-elastase; anti-tyrosinase; proanthocyanidin; Areca catechu; Anacardium occidentale; Glochidion zeylanium; Senna liab

1. Taw qhia

Daim tawv nqaij yog lub cev loj tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg lub cev. Cov tawv nqaij ua haujlwm raws li qhov thaiv ntawm lub cev thiab ib puag ncig sab nraud, thiab nws ua haujlwm ntau yam [1]. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev poob dej thiab kab mob microbial [2]. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws ua haujlwm txhawb nqa lwm yam hauv lub cev, xws li lub cev tsis muaj zog, lub paj hlwb, thiab endocrine systems [1]. Qhov zoo ntawm cov hluas thiab kev zoo nkauj tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg kev coj noj coj ua thiab tib neeg lub neej [1,2]. Yog li ntawd, kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm uas tshwm sim thaum peb muaj hnub nyoog yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau peb kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv [2,3]. Thinness, dryness, tsis muaj elasticity, ntxhib ntxhib ntxhib los mos, wrinkles, thiab tsaus pigments yog tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus [4]. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tam sim no tab tom ua haujlwm los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus lossis tshuaj lom neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov muab los ntawm ntuj tsim rau kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Feem ntau, tib neeg lub hnub nyoog ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: sab hauv (raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev laus laus) thiab extrinsically (raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib puag ncig hloov pauv cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig) [5]. Cov pov thawj dav dav qhia tias kev ntxhov siab oxidative, los ntawm kev tsim cov pa oxygen reactive (ROS), ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab hauv daim tawv nqaij laus [6]. ROS ua rau oxidative kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov macromolecules tseem ceeb xws li nucleic acids, enzymatic proteins, thiab daim nyias nyias lipids, ua rau cellular malfunction thiab cell tuag [7]. Kev ntxhov siab oxidative kuj tseem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm extracellular matrix (ECM) los ntawm suppressing ECM tivthaiv synthesis (xws li, elastin) thiab ua kom ECM degrading enzymes (xws li, elastase), uas ua rau poob ntawm daim tawv nqaij elasticity [2,8,9]. Ntxiv mus, ROS tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim tsis xwm yeem lossis tsaus nti hauv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj -melanocyte-stimulating hormone (-MSH) hauv keratinocytes, yog li ua rau kev ua kom cov enzyme tyrosinase thiab txhawb melanin synthesis hauv melanocytes [10,11]. Yog li ntawd, scavenging ROS thiab inhibiting elastase thiab tyrosinase kev ua ub no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob lossis txawm tias tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Cov khoom ntuj tam sim no tau txais kev txaus siab ntau npaum li cov tshuaj uas muaj peev xwm kho tau ntau yam kab mob nrog rau kev laus thiab cov hnub nyoog cuam tshuam nrog kev poob qis [8,12,13]. Cov nroj tsuag tropical tuaj yeem yog qhov txaus siab los tshawb txog lawv lub peev xwm hauv kev kho tawv nqaij laus. Raws li tau tshaj tawm yav dhau los, ntau lub Andean thiab Himalayan cov nroj tsuag tau suav tias yog qhov chaw sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv kev laus [14,15]. Thaib teb yog ib qho chaw paub txog kev cog qoob loo ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag teb chaws sov, ntau yam uas tsis tau kawm ntau. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog txhawm rau nrhiav cov peev txheej ntuj tsim kho tshiab tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov extracts ntawm 16 Thai tshuaj nroj tsuag hom tau kawm nyob rau hauv vitro rau lawv cov khoom muaj feem xyuam rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus, nrog rau tag nrho cov phenolic thiab flavonoid cov ntsiab lus, dawb radical scavenging, anti-elastase, thiab anti-tyrosinase kev ua ub no. Peb kuj tau ua ntxiv kev txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo thiab ib qho hauv silico molecular docking mus kom ze los nthuav qhia cov lus cog tseg phytochemical hauv peb cov nroj tsuag zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj zog tiv thaiv elastase lossis tyrosinase enzyme.

2. Cov txiaj ntsig

2.1. Extraction Yields

Table 1 qhia lub npe scientific, qhov chaw siv, qhov chaw, extraction method/solvent, thiab feem pua ​​yield ntawm Thai nroj tsuag siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Qhov feem pua ​​​​yields ntawm cov rho tawm txawv ntawm 2.0 feem pua ​​​​rau 36.3 feem pua ​​(Table 1). C. daim ntawv qhia hnub muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws extraction tawm los (36.3 feem pua), tom qab ntawd los ntawm M. caldera (18.2 feem pua) thiab A. occidentale (16. 13}} feem pua).

2.2. Tag Nrho Phenolic Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nroj tsuag Thaib

Cov nroj tsuag rho tawm tau pom ntau yam ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus phenolic xws li 14.06 ± 1.55 txog 320.14 ± 7.95 mg ntawm gallic acid sib npaug (GAE) ib g qhuav hnyav extract (Table 2). G. zeylanicum (320.14 ± 7.95 mg GAE ib g qhuav yuag extract) muaj cov ntsiab lus phenolic siab tshaj plaws hauv tag nrho cov extracts, ua raws li A. catechu (295.79 ± 11.97 mg GAE ib g qhuav hnyav extract) thiab M. caldera (210.99 ± 10.40 mg. ntawm GAE ib g qhuav hnyav extract), feem. Qhov qis tshaj plaws tau pom nyob rau hauv C. daim ntawv qhia hnub ntawm 14.06 ± 1.55 mg GAE ib g qhuav hnyav extract.

2.3. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus Flavonoid ntawm cov nroj tsuag Thaib

Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus flavonoid ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, xws li 2.61 ± 0.42 txog 84.48 ± 18.32 mg ntawm quercetin sib npaug (QE) ib g qhuav hnyav extract (Table 2). Ntawm tag nrho cov extracts, cov ntsiab lus flavonoid siab tshaj plaws tau pom nyob rau hauv M. caldera (84.48 ± 18.32 mg ntawm QE ib g qhuav hnyav extract), ua raws li G. zeylanicum (52.54 ± 7.25 mg ntawm QE ib g qhuav hnyav extract) thiab P. dulce (28.01 ± 4.39 mg ntawm QE ib g qhuav hnyav extract), feem. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov qis tshaj plaws tau pom nyob rau hauv E. Americana ntawm 2.61 ± 0.42 mg ntawm QE ib g qhuav hnyav extract.

2.4. DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity of Thai Plants

DPPH kev soj ntsuam yog ua raws li qhov muaj peev xwm pub dawb ntawm hydrogen ntawm qhov sib xyaw kom tshem tawm qhov ruaj khov DPPH radicals [16]. Lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm tau qhia raws li feem pua ​​​​DPPH radical scavenging kev ua, mg ntawm vitamin C sib npaug antioxidant muaj peev xwm (VCEAC) ib g qhuav qhov hnyav extract, thiab ib nrab-qhov siab tshaj plaws inhibitory concentration (IC50) (Table 3). Ntawm 0.1 mg / mL ntawm cov extracts, feem pua ​​​​ntawm DPPH scavenging kev ua ub no los ntawm 6.40 mus rau 93.18 feem pua. Plaub tsob nroj rho tawm: G. zeylanicum (93.18 feem pua), M. caldera (90.61 feem pua), A. occidentale (89.01 feem pua), thiab A. catechu (88.12 feem pua), nthuav tawm DPPH scavenging kev ua ntau dua 80 feem pua. Hauv qhov sib piv, C. ternatea pom qhov qis tshaj plaws ntawm kev khawb ntawm 6.40 feem pua. Qhov kev txiav txim qib no zoo ib yam thaum piv raws li qhov txheeb ze VCEAC qhov tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li IC50 qhov tseem ceeb, lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm plaub cov nroj tsuag saum toj kawg nkaus tau hloov pauv raws li hauv qab no: G. zeylanicum > A. catechu > A. occidentale > M. caldera. Cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm DPPH kev soj ntsuam qhia tau hais tias G. zeylanicum tau nthuav tawm qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws antioxidant muaj peev xwm nrog cov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov kev ua si ntau tshaj plaws thiab cov nqi qis tshaj IC50.

2.5. ABTS Radical Scavenging Activity of Thai Plants

Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ABTS yog raws li qhov sib xyaw ua ke muaj peev xwm hloov cov hydrogen atoms rau kev ua kom tsis muaj zog ABTS radical cation. Lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm tau qhia raws li feem pua ​​​​ABTS radical scavenging kev ua, mg ntawm VCEAC ib g qhuav qhov hnyav extract, thiab IC50 (Table 4). Ntawm 0.1 mg / mL ntawm cov extracts, feem pua ​​​​ntawm ABTS scavenging kev ua ub no ntawm 13.93 feem pua ​​​​rau 99.37 feem pua. Yim tsob nroj rho tawm: G. zeylanicum (99.37 feem pua), A. catechu (99.31 feem pua), A. occidentale (99.23 feem pua), M. caldera (98.88 feem pua), E. Americana (95.62 feem pua), Z. officinale (94.07 feem pua. ), P. dulce (83.99%), thiab H. undatus (82.16 feem pua) tau nthuav tawm cov haujlwm ABTS khawb ntau dua 80 feem pua. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, C. daim ntawv qhia hnub qhia qhov qis tshaj kev ua si scavenging ntawm 13.93 feem pua. Lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm plaub cov nroj tsuag saum toj kawg nkaus, raws li VCEAC, thiab IC50 qhov tseem ceeb tau pom nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim zoo sib xws raws li hauv qab no: G. zeylanicum > A. catechu > A. occidentale > M. caldera. Remarkably, cov qhabnias ntawm ABTS kev soj ntsuam kuj pom tau hais tias cov extract nrog cov muaj zog antioxidant kev ua si yog G. zeylanicum nplooj, raws li sawv cev los ntawm cov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov kev ua si scavenging thiab qis tshaj IC50 tus nqi.

2.6. Anti-Elastase Activity ntawm Thai Nroj Tsuag

Lub elastase inhibitory kev ua ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm tau soj ntsuam siv elastase inhibition assay nrog N-succinyl-trialanyl-paranitroanilide (SANA) ua lub substrate. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (0.1 mg/mL), uas tau siv los ua kev tswj hwm zoo, pom tias muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj 45.27 feem pua. Cov elastase inhibitory kev ua ub no ntawm cov extracts tau nthuav tawm hauv Table 5 (saib Table S1). Ntawm 0.5 mg/mL ntawm cov extracts, cov feem pua ​​​​ntawm elastase inhibition yog li ntawm 1.33 feem pua ​​​​rau 88.31 feem pua. A. catechu muaj cov nyhuv elastase siab tshaj plaws ntawm 88.31 feem pua, tom qab ntawd G. zeylanicum (87.43 feem pua), A. occidentale (84.78 feem pua), thiab S. alata (73.95 feem pua), thaum S. asper bark muaj qhov qis tshaj elastase inhibitory. cov nyhuv ntawm 1.33 feem pua. Vim tias muaj kev nqus tau zoo tom qab, qee cov nroj tsuag rho tawm uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev kuaj pom tau rov ua dua ntawm 0.1 mg/mL. Nws tau pom tias M. caldera, P. nigrum, Z. cassumunar, thiab S. asper nplooj, tshwj tsis yog Z. officinale, pom tias qis rau nruab nrab inhibitory kev ua ub no ntawm 3.46 feem pua ​​​​rau 35.74 feem pua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm C. daim ntawv qhia hnub, C. asiatica, C. ternatea, E. americana, thiab H. undatus tsis tau pom txawm tias muaj ntau dua.

2.7. Anti-Tyrosinase Activity ntawm Thai Nroj Tsuag

Tyrosinase inhibitory kev ua ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm tau soj ntsuam siv txoj kev dopachrome nrog 3, 4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) ua cov substrate. Kojic acid (KA) (0.02 mg/mL), kev tswj tau zoo, pom qhov inhibition theem ntawm 68.35 feem pua. Lub tyrosinase inhibitory kev ua ntawm cov extracts yog nthuav tawm hauv Table 6 (saib Table S2). Ntawm 1 mg / mL ntawm cov extracts, cov feem pua ​​​​ntawm tyrosinase inhibition ranges ntawm 4.80 feem pua ​​​​rau 91.51 feem pua. G. zeylanicum muaj cov nyhuv tyrosinase siab tshaj plaws ntawm 91.51 feem pua ​​​​, ua raws li A. occidentale (81.01 feem pua), M. caldera (76.12 feem pua), thiab A. catechu (75.38 feem pua), whereas P. nigrum muaj qhov qis tshaj tyrosinase inhibitory nyhuv. ntawm 4.80 feem pua. Ob tsob nroj rho tawm uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab tom qab absorbance tau rov ua dua ntawm 0.1 mg / mL, thiab cov dej num tau pom ntawm 3.98 feem pua ​​(Z. cassumunar) thiab 21.28 feem pua ​​(Z. officinale). Txawm li cas los xij, P. dulce tsis tau pom muaj txiaj ntsig, txawm tias nce siab.

2.8. Kev txheeb xyuas kev sib txheeb

Xav txog ntau qhov kev tshaj tawm yav dhau los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm elastase thiab tyrosinase inhibitory kev txiav txim ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm [8,16,17], nws zoo li cov extracts muaj peev xwm antioxidant siab thiab zoo li muaj zog elastase thiab tyrosinase inhibitory kev ua. Yog li txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kev sib raug zoo hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb tau ua ntxiv rau Pearson qhov kev txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo los tshawb xyuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov haujlwm inhibitory ntawm ob qho tib si enzymes thiab qib ntawm cov ntsiab lus antioxidant nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm antioxidant ntawm cov khoom siv. Lub zog ntawm kev sib raug zoo yog faib los ntawm kev sib txheeb coefficient (r-value) raws li hauv qab no: r=0.91{{10}} rau 1.000 qhia txog kev sib raug zoo heev, r=0.710 rau 0.900 qhia tias muaj kev sib raug zoo, r=0.410 txog 0.700 qhia kev sib txheeb nruab nrab, r=0.210 rau 0.400 qhia qhov sib txheeb me me, thiab r=0.000 rau 0.200 qhia qhov sib txheeb me ntsis [18]. Lub elastase inhibition muaj kev sib raug zoo rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus phenolic, DPPH, thiab ABTS radical scavenging kev ua ub no, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1a, c, thiab d, raws li. Ib yam li ntawd, tyrosinase inhibition tau pom muaj kev sib raug zoo heev rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus phenolic thiab ABTS radical scavenging kev ua si (Daim duab 2a, d), thaum nws pom muaj kev sib raug zoo rau DPPH radical scavenging kev ua si (Daim duab 2c). Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus flavonoid tau zoo sib xws rau ob qho tib si elastase thiab tyrosinase inhibition (Figures 1b thiab 2b). Cov txiaj ntsig no tau pom tias cov phenolic tebchaw thiab kev ua haujlwm antioxidant tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau inhibition ntawm elastase thiab tyrosinase enzymes.

2.9. Molecular Docking

Peb tom ntej no soj ntsuam lub peev xwm ntawm phytochemical tebchaw nyob rau hauv peb lub zoo tshaj plaws nroj tsuag nrog muaj zog inhibition ntawm elastase los yog tyrosinase enzymes. Molecular docking feem ntau yog siv los kwv yees qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tebchaw rau cov protein receptors lossis enzymes piv rau cov paub inhibitors. Raws li peb cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev soj ntsuam hauv vitro, peb pom tias A. occidentale yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws elastase inhibitor, ua raws li G. zeylanicum thiab S. alata, nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm IC50 qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li, peb xaiv phytochemical tebchaw los ntawm peb cov nroj tsuag no los ntsuas lawv lub peev xwm los inhibit elastase. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm elastase (3HGP) thiab cov khoom sib txuas tau nthuav tawm hauv Table S4 raws li kev khi lub zog, inhibition tas li, tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogen bonds, amino acid cuam tshuam, thiab daim ntawv cog lus ntev. Lub zog khi ntawm 3HGP thiab cov khoom sib txuas qhia cov qhab nia ntawm −2.26 txog −11.95 kcal / mol (Table S4). EGCG, kev tswj hwm zoo, tau pom lub zog khi ntawm -9.69 kcal / mol. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig docking, tsib lub tebchaw pom tias muaj zog khi qis dua li kev tswj hwm zoo. Tetramer ntawm proanthocyanidin tau nthuav tawm lub zog qis tshaj plaws (−11.95 kcal / mol), uas qhia tias nws muaj kev sib raug zoo zoo tshaj plaws piv rau lwm cov tebchaw hauv elastase inhibition, ua raws li amentoflavone, rutin, agathisflavone, thiab kaempferol 3-O-gentiobio , nrog lub zog khi ntawm −11.81, −10.12, −9.92, thiab −9.73, ntsig txog.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qib kev txiav txim ntawm IC50 qhov tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag rho tawm nrog tyrosinase inhibition yog zoo ib yam li elastase inhibition. Peb pom tias G. zeylanicum muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory siab tshaj plaws, ua raws li A. catechu, thiab A. occidentale. Li no, cov tebchaw tau los ntawm peb cov nroj tsuag no tau raug xaiv los tshawb xyuas lawv lub peev xwm los inhibit tyrosinase. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tyrosinase (2Y9X) thiab cov khoom sib txuas tau nthuav tawm hauv Table S5 raws li kev khi lub zog, inhibition tas li, tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogen bonds, amino acid cuam tshuam, thiab daim ntawv cog lus ntev. Lub zog khi ntawm 2Y9X thiab cov khoom sib txuas tau pom cov qhab nia ntawm −4.56 txog −10.42 kcal / mol (Table S5). KA, tus paub zoo inhibitor ntawm tyrosinase, qhia lub zog khi ntawm -4.59 kcal / mol. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig docking, o-coumaric acid (−10.42 kcal / mol) thiab tetramer ntawm proanthocyanidin (−10.42 kcal / mol) tau nthuav tawm lub zog qis tshaj plaws tiv thaiv elastase thaum piv rau lwm cov tshuaj, ua raws li caffeic acid, ferulic acid, thiab areca tannin A1 nrog lub zog khi ntawm −10.10, −10.00, thiab −9.94, feem. Cov duab 3 thiab 4 sawv cev rau 2D daim duab ntawm ligand-protein kev sib cuam tshuam rau elastase thiab tyrosinase, rau kev tswj kom zoo, thiab tsib lub tebchaw nrog lub zog qis tshaj plaws.

【Yog xav paub ntxiv:george.deng@wecistanche.com / WhatApp:86 13632399501 】