Antidepressant Activity Thiab Metabolism Ntawm Cistanche hauv Vivo Thiab hauv Vitro
Apr 23, 2024
Abstract: Cistancheyog lub qhuav fleshy qia nrog scaly nplooj ntawmCisanche desericola YCmaor Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) R.Wight. Nws yog ib lub npe nrov tonic suav tshuaj. Kev tshawb fawb tshuaj niaj hnub tau lees paub tias Cistanchemuajtseem ceeb neuroprotective teebmeem, thiab nwsantidepressant nyhuvkuj tau lees paub nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Txawm li cas los, lub hauv paus thiab mechanism ntawm nwsantidepressant active tshuajtseem tsis tau elucidated tag nrho. Raws li covkev ua tau zoo ntawm Cistanche , peb tau ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab thiab hauv vitro thiab hauv vivo cov kev tshawb fawb metabolism. Ntawm no peb nthuav tawm cov tswv yim tshawb fawb los muab cov ntaub ntawv thiab siv rau kev txhim kho tom qab ntawm cov tshuaj cuam tshuam nrog rauAntidepressant kev ua tau zoo ntawm Cistanche .
Ntsiab lus: Cistanche , kev nyuaj siab metabolic kev ua si
Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas rau CISTANCHE ua haujlwm?
Kev nyuaj siab yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. Nws cov tsos mob tseem ceeb suav nrog kev tu siab, tsis txaus siab, anhedonia,poob qab los noj mov, ua txhaum, tsis muaj nqis rau yus tus kheej,pw tsis tsaug zog, qaug zog, tsis zoo concentration, thiab lwm yam n1, thiab nyob rau hauv mob hnyav, kev tua tus kheej Lub tswv yim thiab kev coj cwj pwm tau dhau los ua tus kab mob uas muaj kev tua tus kheej ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws. Raws li kev txheeb cais los ntawm Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv hauv xyoo 2017, muaj kwv yees li 350 lab tus neeg mob uas muaj kev nyuaj siab thoob ntiaj teb. Los ntawm 2020, nws yuav dhau los ua tus kab mob loj tshaj plaws thib ob hauv ntiaj teb, nrog qhov tshwm sim ntau txog 20%. Kev nyuaj siab yog ib yam kab mob nyuaj siab tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam xws li caj ces, kev loj hlob, thiab nyob ib puag ncig¨51. Ntawm lawv, kev ntxhov siab yog suav tias yog qhov ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab I61.
Tam sim no, cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv kev kho kev nyuaj siab muaj xws li tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, thiab xaiv serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li nqaim antidepressant spectrum, tshuaj tsis kam, thiab muaj tshuaj lom thiab muaj kev phiv. 1. Txij li thaum lub pathogenesis ntawm kev nyuaj siab yog qhov nyuaj thiab muaj ntau yam inducing yam, nws yog feem ntau nyuaj rau cov tshuaj uas lub hom phiaj ntawm ib qho txuas kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev txhim kho thiab siv cov tshuaj ntuj uas muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab muaj kev phiv tsawg dua hauv kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob "2.1".
Cistanche deserticola Y. C. MaTau txais hnub tim: 2018-06-10 Revision date: 2018-07-15 los yog Cistanche C. Qhuav teev ntawm tubulosa (Schenk) Wight
Lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm nplooj [15.6] yog ib qho tshuaj tonic nto moo suav tshuaj. Nws tau sau thawj zaug hauv "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" thiab tau teev tseg raws li qib siab. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm nourishing raum yang, ntxiv cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntshav, moistening cov hnyuv thiab laxative, thiab lwm yam, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau raum yang deficiency. , deficiency ntawm essence thiab ntshav, impotence thiab infertility, mob thiab qaug zog ntawm lub duav thiab lub hauv caug, tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg thiab pob txha, plab hnyuv dryness thiab cem quav. Nws yog feem ntau siv raum-yang tshuaj nyob rau hauv yav dhau los dynasties. Pib los ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo ib txwm muaj, peb tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche thiab nws cov hauv vitro thiab hauv vivo metabolism raws li nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no nthuav tawm thiab tshuaj xyuas lub tswv yim kev tshawb fawb no los muab cov ntaub ntawv thiab siv rau kev txhim kho tom qab ntawm cov tshuaj cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche.
1 Antidepressant kev ua ntawm Cistanche
Tam sim no, cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab feem ntau muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li nqaim antidepressant spectrum, tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim (mob plab hnyuv, kev sib deev tsis zoo, mob taub hau, insomnia, thiab ua pob liab liab). Clinically siv thawj kab antidepressants, xws li venlafaxine thiab fluoxetine, muaj kev phiv loj xws li cardiotoxicity, kub siab, kev sib deev tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab pw tsaug zog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txoj kev tshawb fawb pom tias 59.1% (604/1022) ntawm cov neeg mob uas siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tau ntsib cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev sib deev tsis zoo, thiab li ntawm 40% ntawm cov neeg mob kev nyuaj siab tau tshaj tawm tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ua rau kev sib deev tsis zoo yog suav tias yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim tsis txaus ntseeg. , cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua raws li tshuaj. Ntawm lawv, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors thiab serotonin reuptake inhibitors muaj qhov tshwm sim siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib deev dysfunction1'221.
Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov kev pom ntawm cov kev kho mob tam sim no rau kev nyuaj siab thiab kev tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm, Cistanche, raws li feem ntau siv raum-yang-tonifying tshuaj yav dhau los, yuav muaj kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb thiab daim ntawv thov nqi.
1.1 Ib txwm ua tau zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche
Cistanche muaj keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev siv thiab tau sau tseg hauv cov tshuaj ntsuab thoob plaws lub hnub nyoog. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm Cistanche thawj zaug tau tshwm sim hauv "Shen Nong's Materia Medica", uas tau teev tseg raws li qib siab. Nws hais tias: "Cistanche muaj qab zib thiab sov me ntsis. Nws tuaj yeem kho tsib yam kev ua haujlwm thiab xya qhov kev raug mob. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa nruab nrab, tshem tawm qhov mob khaub thuas thiab kub hauv lub qia, txhawb nqa tsib lub cev sab hauv, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau yin. Nws ntxiv cov ntsiab lus thiab Qi, ua rau cov menyuam yaus ntau dua, thiab ua rau cov poj niam nyiam nws yog tias nws tau siv sijhawm ntev, nws yuav ua rau lub cev muaj zog. Xin 31. "Treatise on Medicinal Properties" muaj xws li: "Cistanche tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov pob txha, thov cov xim, ua kom lub neej ntev, kho cov poj niam hemorrhage, aphrodisiac, thiab tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo li lub hnub ob zaug, feem ntau yog siv rau qhov liab thiab dawb, tonify cov ntsiab lus tsis ua haujlwm, tsaus tawv nqaij, thiab kev raug mob ua haujlwm. " Cov ntaub ntawv "Illustrations and Materia Medica" cov ntaub ntawv: "Cistanche feem ntau yog siv los ntawm Westerners. Scrape tawm cov nplai, ntxuav nrog cawv, tshem tawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiav rau hauv nyias slices, thiab sib tov nrog qos yaj ywm thiab mutton ua kua zaub. qab thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg Nws yog ib qho khoom noj zoo. "Compendium of Materia Medica" sau tseg tias Cistanche "replenishes qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm lub neej, nourishes tsib lub hauv nruab nrog cev, replenishes cov pob txha thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg" [261]. Xyoo 2015 tsab ntawv "Suav Pharmacopoeia" cov ntaub ntawv: "qab zib, qab ntsev, sov. Rov qab mus rau lub raum thiab cov hnyuv loj meridian. Replenishes raum yang, replenishes essence thiab ntshav, moistens cov hnyuv thiab txo cem quav. Nws yog siv rau lub raum tsis txaus yang, Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntshav, impotence thiab infertility, mob thiab tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv lub duav thiab lub hauv caug, tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg thiab pob txha, dryness ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab cem quav.
"Shen Nong's Materia Medica" thawj cov ntaub ntawv uas Cistanche tuaj yeem "kho tsib txoj haujlwm thiab xya qhov kev raug mob", thiab tsib txoj haujlwm thiab xya qhov kev raug mob suav nrog "kev npau taws ua rau lub siab, ua haujlwm dhau lub siab ua rau lub siab, thiab ntshai ua rau lub siab xav", thiab lwm yam. . "Compendium of Materia Medica" Tseem muaj cov lus piav qhia ntawm Cistanche hauv kev kho mob neurasthenia thiab impotence [281], qhia tias cov teebmeem ntawm Cistanche suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab. Yog li ntawd, Cistanche tau raug sau tseg nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm rau kho kev nyuaj siab thiab lwm yam kab mob neurological.
1.2 Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab ntawm Cistanche
Kev tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Cistanche pib thaum ntxov 1980s. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias Cistanche feem ntau muaj phenylethanol glycosides, iridoids thiab lawv cov glycosides, lignans thiab lawv cov glycosides, phenyl cawv glycosides, qab zib, cawv, oligosaccharides thiab polysaccharides, roj volatile thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw. Txog niaj hnub no, ntau tshaj 100 lub tebchaw tau pom hauv Cistanche, suav nrog 120 hom suab puam Cistanche thiab 75 hom tubular Cistanche. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev tshawb nrhiav qhov tob ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Cistanche, kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm tshuaj ntawm Cistanche tau ua ntau yam kev vam meej hauv xyoo tas los no. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshuaj niaj hnub tam sim no tau lees paub tias Cistanche muaj cov teebmeem neuroprotective. 0.34 ,ua. Hauv particular, "Cistanche tag nrho glycosides" capsules, uas yog tsim los ntawm phenylethanol glycosides hauv Cistanche, yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm Alzheimer's kab mob. 51. Phenylethanoid glycosides tuaj yeem tiv thaiv Parkinsonian los ntawm kev ua kom cov tyrosine hydroxylase nyob rau hauv substantia nigra thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm dopamine (DA) nyob rau hauv lub striatum. "monoamine transmitter imbalance hypothesis" ntawm pathogenesis ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntseeg hais tias txo synthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm neurotransmitters xws li DA nyob rau hauv lub hlwb yog ib tug ntawm cov pathogenesis ntawm kev nyuaj siab -36,371.
Yog li, phenylethanol glycosides hauv Cistanche tuaj yeem muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, iridoid glycosides yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm Cistanche. Ntawm cov iridoid glycosides, catalpol thiab genipin tau lees paub tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho kev nyuaj siab [38.91. Yog li ntawd, peb xav tias Cistanche tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab.
1.3 Tsiaj Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyuaj Siab ntawm Cistanche
Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom (4), phenylethanoid glycosides los ntawm Cistanche tuaj yeem tswj kev ntxhov siab zoo li tus cwj pwm hauv perimenopausal syndrome hauv nas. Cov txheej txheem yuav yog los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj estrogen nyob rau hauv cov qauv nas, yog li txhim kho monoamine neurotransmitters nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. qib. Wang et al. III] pom tias Cistanche dej decoction tuaj yeem txhim kho lub sijhawm immobility ntawm nas nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tus Tsov tus tw thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo. Peb cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias ∞1, Cistanches tubulosa tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nyuaj siab zoo li tus cwj pwm ntawm cov nas nyob rau hauv ib qho kev xav tau ib puag ncig tus qauv; Kev tswj hwm tas li ntawm Cistanches tubulosa extract tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj zog.
Kev nyuaj siab tus qauv nas qhia cov cwj pwm zoo li kev nyuaj siab hauv kev sim coj cwj pwm xws li yuam ua luam dej, kev nyiam sucrose, qhib kev sim, thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo hauv qhov chaw tshiab. Ntxiv kev sib cais thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm Cistanche extract pom tias 1 "l, Fr. 2 qhov chaw tuaj yeem txo cov sij hawm immobility hauv lub tail ncua kev sim ntawm nas, thiab muaj zog dua li lwm qhov chaw polar. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Fr. 2 qhov chaw suav nrog Muaj 3 iridoid glycosides, 2 phenylethanoid glycosides thiab 2 phenolic glycosides, ntawm cov iridoid glycoside Cheebtsam 6-deoxycatalpol thiab 8-epiloganic acid muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj [3813 91, nplhaib] terpenes catalpol thiab geniposide ob leeg muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, thiab 6-deoxycatalpol (6-deoxycatalp01) tam sim no nyob rau hauv Fr. Cov qauv analogue ntawm geniposide, qhia tias iridoid glycosides yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab ntawm Cistanche tubulosa Ntxiv rau, Fr tias Cistanche tubulosa kuj tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm txhua qhov polar. Cov txiaj ntsig no yuav tsum tau lees paub ntxiv. Kev tshawb nrhiav tom qab yuav tsum tau cais tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm Cistanche thiab soj ntsuam nws cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
1.4 Kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche
Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche tau lees paub, lub hauv paus thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov tshuaj nquag tsis tau piav qhia tag nrho. Peb cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias Cistanches tubulosa extract tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nthuav qhia ntawm 5-HT thiab BDNF nyob rau hauv hippocampus ntawm kev nyuaj siab qauv nas, nce kev qhia ntawm 5-HT hauv txoj hnyuv, thiab txhim kho hippocampal neuronal hlwb hauv rat paj hlwb. atrophy thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov paj hlwb. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias catalpol, ib qho iridoid glycoside tivthaiv, kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nyuaj siab los ntawm kev kho HPA axis ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab nce-tswj cov lus qhia ntawm lub hlwb muab tau los ntawm neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Geniposide tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nyuaj siab los ntawm kev hloov kho HPA axis kom ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab -8'39,. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau hais tias iridoids yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov hauv paus rau kev ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche. Cistanche extract yuav ua rau kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm 5-HT nyob rau hauv lub cev los ntawm stimulating lub synthesis ntawm 5-HT nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv, yog li
Ua kom cov lus qhia ntawm 5-HT hauv lub hlwb thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv ntawm BDNF ntawm lub hlwb paj hlwb kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem molecular ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tshuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj ntawm Cistanche tseem tsis meej, xws li cov neurotransmitters tswj cov receptors thiab cov teeb meem neurotrophic tswj cov receptors.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tseem yuav tau kawm ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias cov kab mob hauv plab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub cev kev ua haujlwm, kev xav thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau "lub plab-hlwb axis". Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias H2.31 muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev nyuaj siab thiab "lub plab-hlwb axis". Cov kev hloov hauv plab hnyuv muaj feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. ), neurotransmitter signaling thiab lwm yam mechanisms cuam tshuam rau kev nyuaj siab. Peb txoj kev tshawb fawb kuj tau ua pov thawj tias Cistanche tubulosa tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv thiab plab hnyuv metabolite luv-chain fatty acids hauv cov nas uas muaj kev nyuaj siab los ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj zog.
Kev tsim cov hnyuv flora restores cov txheej txheem stability ntawm txoj hnyuv flora. Kev txheeb xyuas kev sib txheeb pom tau tias Cistanche tubulosa txhim kho txoj hnyuv plab ntawm nas nrog kev nyuaj siab thiab muaj feem xyuam rau nws txoj kev txhim kho ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntsig txog kev ntsuas, qhia tiasCistanche tubulosa extracttuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub hlwb ntawm tib lub hlwb los ntawm kev hloov cov qauv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hnyuv. Amine neurotransmitters, neurotrophic yam nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, colonic serotonin, thiab kev hloov nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov short-chain fatty acids kom ua tau raws li antidepressant lub hom phiaj.
