Yang/Qi Invigoration: Cistanche, Tshuaj Kho Mob Rau Mob Nkeeg Mob Mob Nrog Yang Deficiency?
Mar 07, 2022
Hu rau: Audrey Hu Whatsapp / hp: 0086 13880143964 Email:audrey.hu@wecistanche.com
Pou Kuan Leong, Hoi Shan Wong, Jihang Chen, thiab Kam Ming Ko
Abstract
Raws li cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj (TCM) txoj kev xav, Yang thiab Qi yog lub zog ntawm kev ua haujlwm lom neeg hauv tib neeg lub cev. Raws li lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondrion hauv cov metabolism hauv lub zog, peb xav kom muaj kev nthuav dav ntawm Yang thiab Qi hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm mitochondrion-tsav cellular thiab lub cev ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias qhov kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm Yang / Qi tsis txaus hauv TCM zoo ib yam li cov neeg mob nkees nkees nyob rau hauv Western tshuaj, uas yog pathologically txuam nrog mitochondrial dysfunction. Los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los txhim kho mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi thiab nws cov kev cai, Yang- thiab Qi-invigorating tonic tshuaj ntsuab, xws liCistanches Herbathiab Schisandrae Fructus, tej zaum yuav ua pov thawj tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob qaug zog ntev nrog Yang deficiency.
Cov tswv yim ntawm Yang thiab Qi hauv cov tshuaj suav tshuaj
Cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj (TCM) pom tib neeg lub cev ua ib qho chaw organic, suav nrog kev sib dhos ntawm ntau yam kabmob uas ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke [1]. "Yin/Yang Theory" yog lub tswvyim ntawm TCM. Raws li Yin / Yang txoj kev xav, lub ntiaj teb yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tawm tsam, uas yog, Yin thiab Yang. Qhov sib npaug sib npaug ntawm Yin thiab Yang txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej / theem ntawm ib qho khoom muab [2]. Nrog rau lub tswv yim kev xav no, TCM faib cov qauv ntawm lub cev, piav qhia cov tsos mob, thiab qhia kev kho mob raws li Yin / Yang Txoj Kev Xav [3]. Cov khoom tseem ceeb (xws li, essence, Qi, ntshav, thiab lub cev kua) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej thiab muab cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub cev [1]. Raws li Yin / Yang Txoj Kev Xav, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev (xws li Qi) raug cais raws li Yang, thaum lub hauv paus khoom (xws li cov ntsiab lus, ntshav, thiab kua hauv lub cev) ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog Yin [4].
TCM txoj kev xav hais tias kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Yin thiab Yang tsim Qi. Qi yog hais txog cov khoom ua kom zoo thiab cov khoom noj uas ntws hauv lub cev nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum no, tag nrho deprivation ntawm Qi signifies kev tuag nyob rau hauv TCM [5]. Txhawm rau muab lub zog tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa lub neej kev ua ub no, Qi ntws los ntawm meridians thiab nourishes lub cev. Hais txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm Qi hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, Qi tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom kev ua haujlwm, uas yog, primordial Qi, pectoral Qi, thiab ib txwm Qi, nrog rau tom kawg tau muab faib ua cov khoom noj Qi thiab tiv thaiv Qi (Daim duab 1) [ 5]. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, primordial Qi uas tseem hu ua "congenital essence ntawm lub raum" tau txais los ntawm cov niam txiv thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov kabmob hauv lub cev; uas yog, nws yog Yang nyob rau hauv xwm. Pectoral Qi yog tsim los ntawm "natural cua" nqus los ntawm lub ntsws thiab "grain Qi" hloov los ntawm cov zaub mov thiab dej los ntawm tus po thiab lub plab; uas yog, nws yog Yin hauv xwm. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm pectoral Qi yog los pab txhawb kev sib pauv roj hauv lub ntsws thiab tswj cov ntshav ncig hauv lub plawv nrog rau nws tus nqi ntawm kev ntaus. Primordial Qi ua ke nrog pectoral Qi los tsim Qi ib txwm (tseem hu ua Zheng Qi hauv Suav), uas ncig hauv lub cev los txhawb ntau lub cev ua haujlwm. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm primordial Qi thiab pectoral Qi yog ua raws li kev xav tias Qi (los yog Qi ib txwm) tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Yin thiab Yang. Ib txwm Qi (feem ntau hu ua Qi hereafter) tshwm sim raws li ob txoj haujlwm, uas yog, khoom noj khoom haus Qi thiab tiv thaiv Qi. Thaum noj zaub mov Qi txhawb nqa lub cev sab hauv kom txhawb nqa lub cev lub cev, tiv thaiv Qi tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau sab hauv (mob thiab mob qog noj ntshav) thiab lwm yam (cov kab mob thiab kab mob).
Biochemical thiab Physiological Basis ntawm Qi Function
Tau ntau xyoo dhau los, mitochondrion tau raug suav tias yog lub hauv paus tswj hwm ntawm lub neej thiab kev tuag hauv hlwb los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tswj hwm hauv bioenergetics thiab programmed cell tuag [6]. Raws li TCM txoj kev xav, lub depletion ntawm Qi yog casually txuas mus rau kev tuag. Hauv qhov no, lub tswv yim ntawm Qi hauv TCM yog ua raws li lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria hauv kev txiav txim siab lub neej thiab kev tuag nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm Western tshuaj.
Lub mitochondrion yog lub "powerhouse" ntawm lub cell, qhov twg aerobic metabolism ntawm roj molecules tshwm sim. Hauv aerobic metabolism, acetyl-CoA, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm glycolysis thiab oxidative decarboxylation ntawm pyruvate, nkag mus rau lub voj voog Krebs tshwm sim hauv mitochondrial matrix. Acetyl CoA yog thaum kawg oxidized rau carbon dioxide, nrog rau concomitant ntau lawm ntawm lub siab zog-txo sib npaug, NADH, thiab FADH2. Ob leeg NADH thiab FADH2 tom qab ntawd pub lawv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab mus rau mitochondrial electron thauj saw uas tsim cov proton gradient hla lub mitochondrial puab membrane. Los ntawm kev siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm khaws cia hauv qhov proton gradient, ATP synthase ua ke ATP los ntawm ADP. ATP, molecule nrog siab phosphoryl hloov pauv muaj peev xwm (piv txwv li, lub zog muaj peev xwm), ua kom muaj zog ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endergonic hauv cell, tshwj xeeb yog cov kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb. Thaum lub sij hawm mitochondrial electron thauj cov txheej txheem, reactive oxygen hom (ROS) yog unavoidably tsim los ntawm cov xau ntawm electrons, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm complexes I thiab III. Kev tsim ntau dhau ntawm ROS los ntawm mitochondria, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua pa siab thiab / lossis muaj kev hem thawj rau homeostasis, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab oxidative. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab heev, mitochondrial permeability hloov pores qhib, nrog rau tom ntej no nonspecific tso tawm ntawm proapoptotic yam (xws li, cytochrome c thiab apoptosis-inducing factor), ua rau caspase-dependent thiab caspase-yooj yim cell tuag [7]. Hais txog kev tswj hwm ntawm bioenergetics thiab kev tuag ntawm tes, mitochondrion tuaj yeem suav tias yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm Qi. Qhov kev tshaj tawm no yuav piav qhia txog lub neej luv luv ntawm erythrocytes uas tsis muaj mitochondria.
Primordial Qi, uas yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub neej nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm TCM tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog rau kev siv lub plawv uas tswj cov ntshav ncig hauv lub cev (Daim duab 1). Tsis ntev los no, los ntawm kev siv lub tswv yim ntawm "resonance," Wang et al. tau tshaj tawm cov qauv tshiab rau kev piav qhia yuav ua li cas lub plawv dhia tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov ntshav thoob plaws hauv lub cev [8, 9]. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov hlab ntsha thiab ntau yam kabmob hauv lub cev yog txuas nrog cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Kev sib hloov ntawm lub plawv ua rau muaj kev vibrations hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lub zog muaj peev xwm khaws cia hauv cov phab ntsa elastic ntawm cov hlab ntsha tom qab ntawd yuav kis tau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Nws yog hypothesized tias lub twj tso kua mis ntawm lub plawv tuaj yeem muab cov hlab ntsha nrog cov kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov oscillations uas tuaj yeem xa mus rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Yog hais tias lub ntuj zaus ntawm lub hom phiaj lub cev synchronizes nrog ib tug ntawm cov harmonic frequencies, lub resultant resonance yuav pab txhawb cov ntshav nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tus qauv "resonance" no tsis tau txais feem ntau nyob rau hauv Western tshuaj, nws pleev xim rau ib daim duab piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas primordial Qi yuav ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev tsav cov hlab ntshav los yog Qi thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Pectoral Qi tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov nqus cua tshiab thiab noj cov khoom noj "essence" (piv txwv li, cov khoom noj tseem ceeb). Cov digested thiab tom qab absorbed as-ham yog thawj thauj mus rau lub siab rau assimilation. Yog li, kev ua haujlwm ntawm pectoral Qi tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Primordial Qi (Yang) cuam tshuam nrog pectoral Qi (Yin) los tsim Qi ib txwm muaj, uas muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus Qi thiab tiv thaiv Qi. Nutriitive Qi yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev noj zaub mov visceral. Hauv qhov no, kev noj zaub mov Qi tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg / cell los tsim lub zog ntawm cov as-ham, uas yog, kev ua haujlwm ntawm mitochondria los tsim ATP siv roj molecules (Daim duab 1). Qhov kev tshaj tawm no tau ntxiv dag zog los ntawm qhov kev xav ua ntej uas mitochondrion suav tias yog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Qi (lub zog). Hauv qhov no, kev noj zaub mov Qi kuj tseem yog Yang hauv qhov xwm txheej. Kev Tiv Thaiv Qi yog lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm pathogen invasion, lub innate tiv thaiv teb yog elicited, thaum lub sij hawm uas phagocytic hlwb (macrophages thiab neutrophils) migrate mus rau qhov chaw ntawm ntxeem tau thiab engulf cov invading pathogen. Cov kab mob engulfed yog ces engulfed los ntawm ROS thiab lysozyme vesicles hauv phagocytes thiab yog li degraded. Qhov "ua pa tawg" cuam tshuam nrog NADPH oxidase-catalyzed tiam ntawm ROS hauv phagocytic hlwb. Raws li TCM txoj kev xav, pob txha (pob txha), ntshav, thiab cov kua dej hauv lub cev, uas muaj cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, raug cais raws li Yin, qhia tias kev tiv thaiv Qi yuav yog Yin hauv qhov xwm txheej. Tsis ntev los no, muaj hnub nyoog cuam tshuam txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob ("immunosenescence") tau pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog oxidative kev nyuaj siab [10], thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev laus [11]. Hauv qhov kev sib txuas no, kev koom tes ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv kev laus yog ua raws li TCM txoj kev xav uas tau hais tias qhov txo qis ntawm Qi yog thawj qhov ua rau kev laus. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog nruab nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov dawb radical scavengers thiab antioxidant enzymes. Lub fortification ntawm kev tiv thaiv antioxidant tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab yog li indirectly invigorate tus tiv thaiv Qi.
Cistanche extract
'Yang/Qi Deficiency' Kab Mob: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Muab qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm Yang thiab Qi, peb tau txais lub sij hawm "Yang / Qi" nyob rau hauv kev sib tham tom ntej ntawm chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Raws li TCM txoj kev xav, Yang / Qi yog lub zog tsav ntawm kev ua haujlwm lom neeg hauv tib neeg lub cev. Kev tsis txaus ntawm Yang / Qi qhia qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm "kev nkees nkees" hauv tib neeg [12]. Thaum Yang-invigoration cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho lub cev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog metabolism hauv ntau lub cev, Yang deficiency yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis hauv metabolic, raws li pov thawj, piv txwv li, los ntawm kev txo lub cev kub [13]. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb metabonomic tsis ntev los no tau pom tias muaj kev puas tsuaj loj hauv cov piam thaj thiab lipid metabolism hauv cov nas qauv ntawm hydrocortisone-induced raum "Yang deficiency" [14], uas qhia txog qhov tsis txaus ntawm Qi hauv TCM. Ib qho kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo mitochondrial, raws li pov thawj los ntawm kev txo qis hauv cov zis ntawm creatinine (ib yam khoom ntawm phosphocreatine tawg) thiab citrate (ib qho tseem ceeb metabolic intermediated nyob rau hauv lub voj voog Krebs), kuj pom nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj nrog raum "Yang deficiency" [15]. Kev siv 1 H nuclear huab hwm coj resonance spectrometry thiab ib feem tsawg squares cais cais nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob los ntawm Yang deficiency syndrome qhia tias cov ntshav lipid tsis, qhov ratio ntawm low-density lipoproteins rau heev-low-density lipoproteins, lactic acid, thiab suab thaj. yog roj molecules los yog metabolites ntawm lub zog metabolism, tau pom tias tsis sib npaug thiab / los yog txawv txav [16], qhia txog dysregulation ntawm mitochondrial zog metabolism.
Interestingly, CFS nyob rau hauv Western tshuaj ib feem zoo li Yang/Qi deficiency-induced fatigue syndrome nyob rau hauv TCM [17]. Tsis zoo li qaug zog, uas yog ib ntus, ib qho kev txwv tus kheej tsis zoo, CFS yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev pheej hmoo (los yog rov qab los) tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kev kho mob tsis txaus ntseeg uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab tom qab tus kheej thiab kev lag luam morbidity [18]. Cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm CFS ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov qaug zog tsawg kawg yog 6 lub hlis, uas yog nrog los ntawm ntau cov tsos mob rheumatological, kis, thiab neuropsychiatric [18]. CFS yog ib hom kab mob heterogeneous, uas muaj tshwm sim los ntawm caj ces predisposition, yam ntxwv los ntawm ntau yam pathophysiological nta xws li neuroendocrine abnormalities, nce kev kis kab mob, rog, thiab kev nyuaj siab. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov pathophysiological anomalies, mitochondrial dysfunction tau pom tias yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho CFS. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsom rau CFS-vim cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob qhia tau pom qhov txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm mitochondria-hais txog cov noob thiab txo qis hauv mitochondrial metabolic processing hauv CFS cov neeg mob (Daim duab 2) [19]. Nws kuj tseem pom tau tias cov qauv kev ncaj ncees ntawm mitochondria hauv cov leeg pob txha raug cuam tshuam, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev txo qis ntawm lub zog ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj CFS [20, 21]. Cov kev tshawb fawb hla ntu uas siv cov txheej txheem sib nqus resonance kuj tau txheeb xyuas cov leeg nqaij thiab cov hlab ntsha biogenetic txawv txav hauv CFS cov neeg mob [22], uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Yang deficiency hauv TCM. Cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm CFS tau pom qhov nce hauv intramuscular acidosis nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau kev rov ua kom rov ua haujlwm dua thaum piv nrog cov kev tswj tsis muaj zog, qhia tias muaj kev vam khom rau cov metabolism hauv anaerobic vim qhov txo qis mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation muaj peev xwm [23]. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txoj kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tshawb xyuas cov koom haum ntawm CFS thiab mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi tau npaj siab tias, raws li ib qho kev mob heterogeneous, CFS tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev puas tsuaj ntawm mitochondrial kev ncaj ncees, tab sis nrog kev tsis txaus ntawm mitochondrial functional peev, raws li kev soj ntsuam los ntawm tus nqi ntawm cellular magnesium complexed ATP, lub peev xwm ntawm mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm ADP / ATP-kev sib pauv ntawm mitochondria thiab cytosol (Daim duab 2). Cov kev tshawb pom tau pom tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qib ntawm mitochondrial dysfunction thiab qhov hnyav ntawm CFS [21]. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov tsos mob ntawm CFS zoo li qhov tshwm sim ntawm Yin deficiency, xws li hws ntau ntxiv [24], kub taub hau qis [25], thiab dryness ntawm mucous membrane [26]. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob (kev tiv thaiv Qi, piv txwv li, Yin hauv xwm) tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog CFS [27, 28]. Peb tawm tswv yim hais tias CFS tuaj yeem muab faib ua 2 pawg hauv cov tsos mob: Yang-deficient type with mitochondrial dysfunction (cf. nuritive Qi) thiab Yin-deficient type with immune/body fluid regulatory dysfunction (cf. tiv Qi).
Lub cev loj hlob ntawm cov pov thawj tau qhia txog kev koom tes ntawm mitochondrial dysfunction nyob rau hauv pathogenesis ntawm CFS nrog Yang / Qi deficiency. Hauv kev sib txuas no, kev tawm dag zog lub cev, uas tau pom los txhim kho lub peev xwm oxidative ntawm cov leeg pob txha hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj mitochondrial myopathy [29], tau raug npaj ua kev kho mob rau CFS [30]. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau qhia tias cov kev kho mob qoj ib ce thiab kev paub txog kev coj tus cwj pwm ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob CFS [31, 32]. Raws li lub cev ntawm cov pov thawj kho mob, van Cauwenbergh li al. tau sau cov lus qhia txog kev coj ua ntawm kev tawm dag zog rau cov neeg mob CFS [30]. Txawm li cas los xij, Kindlon tau tshaj tawm cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev kho mob qoj ib ce thiab kev paub txog kev coj cwj pwm hauv qee tus neeg mob CFS [33]. Piv txwv li, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev kho mob qoj ib ce thiab kev paub txog tus cwj pwm kev kho mob kom kho cov tsos mob ntawm qee tus neeg mob CFS tej zaum yuav yog vim muaj Yang-deficient thiab Yin-deficient hom CFS. Txawm hais tias los yog tsis tawm dag zog kev cuam tshuam yog panacea rau Yang-tsis muaj hom CFS kom meej meej yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas ntau qhov chaw kho mob.
Cistanche Extract: echinacoside
Yang- thiab Qi-Invigorating Tshuaj ntsuab thiab Mitochondrial Function
Hauv thaj tsam ntawm TCM, tus mob pathological yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm Yin / Yang hauv lub cev. Daim ntawv tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj tonic tuaj yeem pab kho qhov sib npaug ntawm Yin thiab Yang thiab ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv. Cov tshuaj tonic feem ntau tau muab faib ua plaub pawg raws li lawv cov kev pabcuam kev noj qab haus huv, uas yog, "Yang-invigorating," "Qi-invigorating," "Yin-nourishing," thiab "ntshav enriching" tshuaj ntsuab (Table 1). Cov tshuaj "Qi-invigorating" thiab "ntshav enriching" tshuaj ntsuab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm Yang thiab Yin, feem. Nrog rau kev xav tias Yang thiab Qi muaj feem xyuam rau mitochondrial zog metabolism hauv lub cev, cov tshuaj ntawm Yang invigorating thiab Qi-invigorating tshuaj tau pom los txhim kho mitochondrial ATP tiam [34], uas tej zaum yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob CFS ntawm Yang-tsis muaj peev xwm. hom. Raws li txoj cai, Yin nourishing tshuaj ntsuab tau pom los tsim cov nyhuv immunomodulatory, txawm tias invigorating tus tiv thaiv Qi (Yin) [35]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau muab piv rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ntau yam tshuaj ntsuab-invigorating hauv kev nce mitochondrial ATP tiam muaj peev xwm (ATP-GC) hauv H9c2 cardiomyocytes hauv vitro thiab hauv nas plawv ex vivo.Cistanches Herbatau pom tias nce ATP-GC hauv H9c2 cardiomyocytes thiab hauv nas lub siab, nrog rau qhov kev txhawb nqa muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj tua kab mob Yang-invigorating. Ntawm Qi invigorating tshuaj ntsuab, Schisandrae Fructus tau pom tias muaj kev tiv thaiv cellular / cov ntaub so ntswg tiv thaiv oxidative kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv nas hlwb, lub plawv, daim siab, thiab daim tawv nqaij cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm mitochondrial antioxidant xwm txheej [36]. Hauv qhov no, peb tau nrhiav kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj pharmacological ntawm ob hom tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab uas yog Yang- thiab Qi-invigorating txog lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm mitochondrial.
Cistanches Herba, ib qho ntawm "Yang-invigorating" tshuaj ntsuab, tau pom los txhim kho mitochondrial ua pa, raws li qhia los ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv ATP-GC thiab mitochondrial lub xeev 3 ua pa hauv H9c2 hlwb thiab nyob rau hauv cais nas plawv mitochondria [37]. Cistanches Herba kuj tau pom tias ua rau mitochondrial uncoupling nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si cell thiab tsiaj qauv. Lub induction ntawm mitochondrial uncoupling ua ib lub voj voog substrate uas muaj cov mitochondrial electron thauj saw, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv kev teb ntawm mitochondria rau cellular zog thov [38]. Lub induction ntawm mitochondrial uncoupling tuaj yeem ua rau mitochondrial electron thauj, uas yog txuam nrog nce mitochondrial ROS ntau lawm [37]. Cov qib qis ntawm mitochondrial ROS ntau lawm ua rau muaj ntau cov lus teb ntawm tes, suav nrog mitochondrial biogenesis, los ntawm kev ua kom cov AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) txoj kev [39, 40]. Ua ke, Cistanches Herba induced nce nyob rau hauv mitochondrial tus naj npawb, ua ke nrog lub augmented mitochondrial teb rau lub zog xav tau, tso cai rau lub zog txaus tsim los tswj lub cev thiab lub hlwb kev ua ub no thiab yog li tsim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob CFS nrog Yang deficiency (Daim duab 3).
Schisandrae Fructus (xws li, Wu-Wei-Zi hauv Suav), cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Schisandra Chinensis, yog Qi-invigorating tshuaj ntsuab. Schisandrae Fructus muaj tsib lub saj, uas yog, qab zib, qaub, iab, astringent, thiab qab ntsev, uas, raws li "Tsib Element Theory," sib haum mus rau tsib lub cev visceral (spleen, siab, plawv, ntsws, thiab lub raum, resp.) TXM [41]. Raws li TCM, Schisandrae Fructus tuaj yeem txhawb Qi ntawm tsib lub cev visceral no [41]. Ob peb lub xyoo dhau los, kev tshawb fawb dav dav tau tsom mus rau kev tshawb xyuas cov tshuaj pharmacological ntawm Schisandrae Fructus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom ntawm nws cov polysaccharide thiab lignan Cheebtsam. Polysaccharides cais los ntawm Fructus Schisandrae (xws li, SCP-IIa thiab SCPP11) tau pom los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm peritoneal macrophages thiab lymphocytes hauv nas [42, 43]. Ntawm cov lignans, Schisandra B (Sch B), uas muaj ntau tshaj dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan nyob rau hauv Schisandrae Fructus, tau pom tias muaj antioxidant thiab anti-inflammatory kev ua ub no [44]. Lub cev loj ntawm kev sim ua pov thawj tau pom tias Sch B tuaj yeem txhim kho mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant raws li txoj cai thiab yog li tiv thaiv oxidant-induced raug mob nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si hauv vitro [45] thiab hauv vivo [46] kev sim. Cov kev tshawb fawb Mechanistic tau pom tias Sch B yog metabolized los ntawm cytochrome P-450, nrog rau kev tsim tawm ntawm qib qis ntawm ROS [47]. Conceivably, cov "signaling ROS" ces txhawb redox-rhiab heev ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinases) / Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2 ntsig txog yam 2)/EpRE (electrophile responsive element) signaling pathway, nrog rau kev nthuav qhia ntawm antioxidants [47] Raws li tau hais los ntawm "Mitochondrial Theory of Aging," mitochondrial dysfunction feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj oxidative [48]. Sch B elicited glutathione antioxidant teb tuaj yeem khaws cov qauv kev ncaj ncees ntawm mitochondria nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm kev sib tw oxidative, uas nyob rau hauv lem tuaj yeem txhim kho lub peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm mitochondria, raws li pov thawj los ntawm kev nce ntawm ATP-GC hauv Sch B-kho nas [49 ]. Cov kev tshawb pom no, yog li ntawd, qhia tias Qi-invigorating action ntawm Sch B kuj tseem yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj CFS nrog Yang deficiency (Daim duab 3). Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua kom Nrf2 los ntawm Sch B tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant thiab txo qhov mob ntawm qhov mob [44, 45], tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cellular bioenergetics los ntawm kev tswj cov substrate muaj rau mitochondrial respiration [50].
Xaus
Raws li lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm mitochondria hauv cov metabolism hauv lub zog, peb tawm tswv yim nthuav dav ntawm Yang thiab Qi hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm mitochondrion-tsav cellular thiab lub cev ua haujlwm. Yang thiab Qi yuav hais txog mitochondrion-tsav cov txheej txheem lom neeg hauv tib neeg lub cev. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Yang / Qi qhov tsis txaus hauv TCM yog sib xws nrog CFS ntawm Yang deficient, uas lub cev loj ntawm cov pov thawj kho mob tau sau txuas txuas mitochondrial tsis ua haujlwm rau CFS. Los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los txhim kho mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi thiab nws cov kev cai, Yang- thiab / lossis Qi-invigorating tshuaj ntsuab, xws liCistanches Herbathiab Schisandrae Fructus, feem, yuav ua pov thawj muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev kho CFS nrog Yang deficiency. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj astringent thiab immunomodulatory ua ntawm Fructus Schisandrae kuj tseem yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob CFS uas muaj cov tsos mob tsis txaus xws li tawm hws, qhov ncauj qhuav, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam yav tom ntej ntawm Cistanches Herba thiab Schisandrae Fructus los yog lawv cov kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov neeg mob CFS, tshwj xeeb yog cov tsis muaj Yang, yog li lav.
Cistanche extract
Tsis sib haum xeeb
Cov kws sau ntawv tshaj tawm tias tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm kev txaus siab txog kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv no.
Cov ntaub ntawv
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