Kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav nrog Novel Corona Virus (COVID 19)

Hu rau:joanna.jia@wecistanche.com/ WhatsApp: 008618081934791

Richa Saxena * Sana Ansari ** Richa Sharma ***

Taw qhia

Coronaviruses yog pab pawg loj ntawm cov kab mob RNA ib leeg uas pom tau zoo thiab lub hnab ntim khoom, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsiaj nyeg ua pa tsis zoo xws li puav, lwm yam tsiaj, thiab tib neeg, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob hauv lub ntsws (Ismail et al., 2003; Brian et al., 2005; Cavanagh et al., 2007; Fehr et al., 2015; Bhuiyan et al., 2020; Lu et al., 2020). Lub genome ntawm SARS- CoV-2 tau raug tus yam ntxwv thiab pom tias muaj keeb kwm zoonotic (Kumar et al., 2020). Thaum pib, xyoo 2019, tus kab mob Coronavirus tau hu ua tus kabmob tshiab ({11}}nCoV), feem ntau tau tshaj tawm hauv Wuhan, Tuam Tshoj uas tom qab ntawd kis thoob plaws ntiaj teb raws li kab mob ua pa (Bhuiyan li al., 2020; Lan et al., 2020; Chen et al., 2020). Kev kis tau thoob plaws 216 lub teb chaws thiab ua rau 5,027,183 tus neeg tuag tau tshaj tawm txog tam sim no thiab tau tshaj tawm tias hu ua tus kabmob kis thoob ntiaj teb (Bhuiyan li al., 2020; WHO, 2020). Txog tam sim no, kwv yees li xya yam kab mob Coronavirus tau tshaj tawm uas suav nrog HCoV- OC43, HCV-229E, HCV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, mob hnyav ua pa nyuaj (SARS)-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS -CoV), and 2019-novel coronavirus nCoV (Bhuiyan et al., 2020; Kanne et al., 2020). Tawm ntawm tag nrho MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, thiab nCoV yog qhov ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb. Ntxiv mus, tau muaj pov thawj zoo kawg nkaus ntawm kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm SARS CoV-2 ua rauCOVID-19Kev sib kis nrog ntau yam kab mob xws li ntshav qab zib, mob hawb pob, thiab ntau lwm yam ntxiv nrog rau kev tuag thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv pathobiology qhov tseem ceeb yog, hauvCOVID-19Cov neeg mob kis tus kab mob theem nrog rau lub sijhawm teb tus neeg mob hyperbolic yog qhov sib txuas ntawm kev mob thiab kev tuag (Bhuiyan li al., 2020; Shetty li al., 2020). Qee qhov xwm txheej hnyav thiab ua rau tuag taus cuam tshuam nrog COVID-19 yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qib cytokine, lymphopenia, thiab txo qis IFN- qhia hauv CD4 ntxiv rau T hlwb (Hirano li al., 2020; Pedersen li al., 2020; Coperchini li al., 2020; Bhuiyan et al., 2020). Txog tam sim no tsis muaj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb lossis lwm tus neeg sawv cev kho mob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev kho mob SARS-CoV 2 tau raug tawm tswv yim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas yog li cuam tshuam rau kev mob thiab kev tuag.

cistanche lub cev tsim

Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum ub tau muab qhov tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab lawv daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho mob (Moses li al., 2017; Schaal et al., 2019; Bhuiyan et al., 2020). Raws li WHO, kwv yees li 80 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov pej xeem hauv ntiaj teb yog nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag lossis tshuaj ntsuab uas muaj cov khoom siv kho mob thiab uas tuaj yeem ua tiav lawv cov kev cai tshuaj (WHO, 2019; Hoque et al., 2018; Ozioma et al., 2019; Bhuiyan et al., 2020). Hauv ntau cov kev tshawb fawb, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau siv, uas yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag (Jassim li al., 2003; Özçelik li al., 2011; Hussain et al., 2017; Bhuiyan et al., 2020). . Thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb, ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tshawb nrhiav tau mus ib txhij los saib cov kev kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag metabolites tiv thaiv tus kab mob, uas yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj tua kab mob uas twb muaj lawm los tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem no thoob ntiaj teb (Luo li al., 2009; Pick et al. ., 2014). Qhov no yuav tsum tau kawm thiab nkag siab txog hom kev ua ntawm tus kab mob, lub neej voj voog, qauv, thiab kev taw qhia ntawm tes.

Cistancheyog ib qho tshuaj suav tshuaj tiv thaivCOVID-19.

Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kab Mob Kab Mob ntawm Lub Neej ntawm Covid-19 thiab Nws Lub Koom Haum Genomic

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) yog genomic loj ~ 30 kb nrog rau ib leeg-stranded RNA tus kab mob uas yog taxonomically suav nrog rau genus Coronavirus thiab tsev neeg Coronaviridae. (Kumar et al., 2020). Ib qho zoo sib xws tau pom ntawm cov qauv ntawm SARS-CoV-2 thiab SARS-CoV raws li ob qho tib si nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj ntawm 70 txog 90 nm. Coronavirus yog embedded nyob rau hauv tus tswv tsev, los ntawm spike, daim nyias nyias, thiab lub hnab ntawv nto kab mob cov proteins mus rau hauv tus tswv tsev lub membrane-derived lipid bilayer uas encapsulates helical nucleocapsid uas muaj cov kab mob RNA. Lub genome ntawm tus mob coronavirus suav txog 6–11 qhib cov ntawv nyeem (ORFs) uas muaj cov cheeb tsam uas tsis tau txhais lus (UTRs) ntawm 5′ thiab 3′ kawg. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tshwj xeeb hauv Kev hloov pauv ntawm ORFs thiab nsps ntawm SARS-CoV-2 thiab SARS-CoV. Cov txheej txheem sau thiab txhais lus ntawm SARS- CoV-2 suav nrog nsps uas yog ob tus kab mob cysteine ​​proteases xws li, papain-zoo li protease (nsp3), chymotrypsin-like, 3C-like, lossis main protease (nsp5), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsp12), helicase (nsp13), thiab ntau lwm yam enzymes zoo sib xws. Nrog lub hauv paus-mean-square deviation (RMSD) ntawm 3.8 Å, muaj qhov sib xws loj pom ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kab ke glycoprotein pom hauv SARS-CoV 2 thiab SARS-CoV. Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no tsom mus rau morphology, genome lub koom haum, replication, thiab pathogenesis ntawm SARS-CoV-2 uas tej zaum yuav ua rau kom nkag siab zoo txog tus kab mob thiab tej zaum yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob metabolites zoo uas tom qab tuaj yeem coj mus rau hauv account rau kev tsim cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv nws (Kumar li al., 2020).

Qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag metabolites

Ntau cov nroj tsuag tau raug coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau pua xyoo rau kev kho mob ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm qaug zog, hnoos thiab mob khaub thuas, thiab ntau lwm yam teeb meem nyob rau hauv ib hnub rau lub digestive system, tab sis nrog kev vam meej, nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, cov tshuaj tej yam ntuj tso tshuaj xws li cov nroj tsuag metabolites tau ua ib tug. teeb meem ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav los kho cov kab mob loj heev.COVID-19tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhia cov tsos mob ntawm cov teeb meem ua pa yog li qee cov nroj tsuag tseem ceeb txhawm rau kho cov tsos mob no yog Zingiber officinalis (Naik li al., 2013; Khan et al., 2021), Boerhavia procumbens (Bokhari thiab Khan 2015; Khan et al. al., 2021), Capparis spinosa L. (Trombetta et al., 2005; Khan et al., 2021), Carum copticum (Gilani et al., 2005; Khan et al., 2021), Cistanche tubulosa (Yamada et al. ., 2010; Khan et al., 2021), Hyoscyamus niger (Gilani et al., 2008; Khan et al., 2021), Euphorbia hirta (Youssouf et al., 2007; Khan et al., 2021), thiab Artemisia. vulgaris (Khan thiab Gilani 2009; Khan et al., 2021). Ob peb cov tshuaj ntsuab pom tau tias muaj cov nroj tsuag metabolites uas muaj txiaj ntsig los tiv thaiv kab mob COVID-19 xws li Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Piper Longum, Phyllanthus emblica, Zingiber officinale, Tribulus Terrestris, Withania somnifera. Hauv Suav teb, nws tau pom tias muaj tag nrho ntawm 166 hom tshuaj ntsuab hloov kho uas suav nrog 179 ib qho tshuaj ntsuab uas tau siv rau kev kho mob. Los ntawm cov lus piav qhia ib txwm muaj, GlycyrrhizaeRadix (Rhizome), Scutellariae Radix, thiab Armeniacae Semen Amarum yog cov feem ntau siv hauv cov chaw kho mob, feem ntau yog tshuaj tua kab mob, hnoos-tshuaj, expectorant, thiab dampness- daws. Lub hom phiaj ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog tsom rau cov nroj tsuag metabolites thiab lawv cov kev nkag tau yooj yim uas muaj peev xwm kho tau zoo los kho cov kab mob kis kab mob ua rauCOVID-19. Qee cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb xws li cov hauv paus hniav, qia, paj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov noob, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov noob, cov khoom siv raw, cov tshuaj uas tau tsav tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab lwm yam zoo li nutraceuticals feem ntau yog siv los kho cov kab mob yooj yim uas muaj xws li hnoos me, hnoos me. , mob khaub thuas rau qee qhov mob hauv siab loj thiab nyuaj. Kwv yees li, ib feem plaub ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj uas feem ntau ua haujlwm suav nrog cov khoom uas yog cov nroj tsuag (Alamgeer li al., 2018; Khan et al., 2021).

cistanche amazon tiv thaiv covid-19

Therapeutic Action ntawm tsob nroj metabolites

Cov nroj tsuag metabolites tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab hloov qhov kev ua ntawm cov enzymes uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm CoVs xws li 3CL protease, thiab papain-zoo li protease tuaj yeem hloov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm S protein ntawm tus mob coronaviruses thiab ACE2 ntawm tus tswv tsev, nrog rau cov cellular. Kev taw qhia txoj hauv kev inhibition (Luo et al., 2009; Ryu et al., 2010; Cho et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2017; Khan et al., 2021). Raws li Shah et al. (2011) tsab ntawv ceeb toom, nws tau raug soj ntsuam tias qhov chaw saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm Artemisia maritima qhia tau tias muaj zog rau kev tiv thaiv kev mob hawb pob ntawm bronchodilation. Nws tau pom zoo tias bronchodilation tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov thaiv ntawm calcium channels thiab phosphodiesterase. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam nroj tsuag tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv ib txwm tshuaj rau kev kho ib tug kab mob ua pa txuam nrog ua pa. Nplooj extract ntawm Ficus kev ntseeg tau siv los ntawm Kapoor li al. (2011) los qhia txog qhov txo qis hauv histamine thiab acetylcholine elicited pre-convulsive dyspnea (ua tsis taus pa) hauv guinea npua. Kev tshawb nrhiav ua los ntawm Sornpet et al. (2017), tau hais txog kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm tsib yam tshuaj Asianplants crude extracts (Andrographis paniculata, Kaempferia parviflora, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Curcuma longa, thiab Psidium guajava) tiv thaiv tsis tshua muaj kab mob khaub thuas avian influenza virus (H5N1). Kev tshawb fawb xaus lus tias aqueous thiab methanolic extracts ntawm cov nroj tsuag hais saum toj no qhia tau hais tias tseem ceeb tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov nroj tsuag loj yog Lycoris Radiata (Li et al., 2005; Khan et al., 2021), Artemisia annua, Isatis indigotica, Lindera aggregate, (Lin et al., 2017; Khan et al., 2021), Torreya Nucifera ( Ryu et al., 2010; Khan et al., 2021), Houttuynia cordata (Lau et al., 2008), Pelargonium sidoides (Whitehead et al., 2019; Khan et al., 2021), and Glycyrrhiza spp. (Fiore et al., 2008; Khan et al., 2021) qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj thiab kho SARS-CoV-2. Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no muab cov ntaub ntawv ceev faj txog kev sim kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj tseem ceeb thiab cov nroj tsuag metabolites tuaj yeem ua pov thawj yooj yim hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov tshwm sim, biocompatible txoj hauv kev kho tus mob coronavirus (Khan li al., 2021).

Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm ntau yam sib txawv Extracts

Alkaloids zoo li quinine uas yog alkaloid uas iab thiab cais tawm ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo cinchona (Quina). Chloroquine yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws ntawm quinine uas tau soj ntsuam tsis ntev los no thiab pom tias yog tus neeg siv tshuaj zoo tiv thaiv SARS-CoV-2, vim nws cov khoom ntawm DNA-intercalation uas ua pov thawj tias muaj zog txaus hauv kev txo qis cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob coronaviruses. nyob ntawm nws biocompatibility (Devaux li al., 2020; Khan et al., 2021). Los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav kev ua tau zoo ntawm lawv cov analogs thiab cov khoom siv tau raug pov thawj, uas txhais tau hais tias ntuj quinines tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txaus los txo cov tsos mob raws li lawv cov biocompatibility (Devaux li al., 2020; Khan et al., 2021). Reserpine yog lwm cov alkaloid pom nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav qhuav ntawm Rauvolfia serpentina (Indian snakeroot) uas inhibits replication ntawm tus mob coronavirus thiab yog li ua pov thawj tias yog ib tus neeg sib tw tseem ceeb tiv thaiv COVID-19. Ib yam li ntawd, phenolics, flavone glycosides, thiab polyphenolic tebchaw uas tau muab cais los ntawm lawv cov rings aromatic thiab hydroxyl (−OH) pawg tau pom cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb sib txawv. Los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav, nws tau pom tias pawg −OH muaj peev xwm ntawm inhibiting qhov kev ua ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, vim nws tsim cov hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov amino pawg ntawm cov proteins uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Ntxiv mus, polyphenols, polyphenolic compounds, terpenoids, flavonoids, thiab cov roj yam tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tau ua pov thawj tias muaj zog tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob suav nrog ntau hom kab mob coronaviruses.

Antiviral Activity ntawm cov nroj tsuag metabolites raws li pab pawg ntawm Compounds

Cov metabolites tau tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cov metabolism tau pom los tsim qee qhov loj los tiv thaiv COVID-19 phytochemicals uas tau dhau los ua qhov txaus siab ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv lub sijhawm tsis ntev los no. Yog li cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav yog txheeb xyuas cov nroj tsuag metabolites thiab qhia txog lawv cov peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob raws li. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo dua ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kab lis kev cai cog qoob loo tsim tawm hauv vitro thiab lawv cov kev cuam tshuam biotechnological tswj hwm txhawm rau tiv thaiv SARS-CoV-2. Nroj tsuag metabolites tau muab faib ua thawj thiab theem nrab metabolites nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lawv muaj ncaj qha mus rau hauv kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag hu ua thawj metabolites los yog indirectly koom tes thiab tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob yog hu ua secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites yog tsim nyob rau hauv intracellular thiab / los yog extracellular kev nyuaj siab tej yam kev mob uas yuav siv tau los tiv thaiv cov kab mob. Muaj ntau ntau txhiab tus nroj tsuag metabolites uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua 4 pawg loj raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj - terpenes, phenolics, glycosides, thiab alkaloids. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib lawv raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke raws li lub luag haujlwm uas lawv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv SARS-CoV-2 (Khan et al., 2021). Ntawm cov kab mob tib neeg feem ntau, kab mob ua pa (VRI) tseem yog thawj zaug. Cov neeg mob uas mob ua pa nyuaj, mob bronchitis, mob khaub thuas, kab mob pharyngitis, mob khaub thuas feem ntau tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj tua kab mob. Tawm ntawm lawv, ntau cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv kab mob raug tshawb xyuas rau lawv cov haujlwm tiv thaiv COVID-19 thiab lwm yam kab mob ua pa.

Cov txiaj ntsig Cistanchetxhim khotiv thaiv kab mob.

Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov nyem qhov no.

Xaus

Kev puas tsuaj loj rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb tau tshwm sim los ntawm COVID-19 thoob ntiaj teb. Nws yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb loj uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account los tswj kev sib kis ntawm tus kab mob coronavirus thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab txo qis tus neeg tuag thoob ntiaj teb. Vim qhov tsis meej ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kabmob, tsis muaj qee yam tshuaj tsim tawm los tawm tsam nws. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ua yog tswj tus kab mob qhov chaw, kaw txoj hauv kev los ntawm qhov chaw uas nws kis tau, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj muaj thiab tuaj yeem siv tau los tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav yog tsom mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nroj tsuag metabolites uas tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau cov tsos mob, cov qauv ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, lawv cov ntawv sau lossis kev txhais lus, lossis ib qho kev sib txuas enzyme uas tuaj yeem hloov kho nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm (hauv lwm lo lus lawv lub neej. lub voj voog) uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov txo qis ntawm kev mob thiab kev tuag los tiv thaiv lub neej. Cov khoom siv kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag complex tej zaum yuav tsis yog thawj cov molecules hauv lawv lub xeev ntuj, lawv tuaj yeem yog cov metabolites uas yog tus tswv tsev tshwj xeeb lossis tuaj yeem yog cov molecular complexes ua ke tom qab kev sib koom ua ke nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj ntsuab. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub muaj ntau yam xwm txheej uas muab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm molecular nrog ntau lub peev xwm, ntau lub hom phiaj, nrog rau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrog cov khoom sib txuas, nrog rau kev xav tau ntawm kev sib koom tes sib koom ua ke.