Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Serotonergic Thiab Noradrenergic Descending Pathways Ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm-raws li kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm so thiab hauv kev teb rau kev tawm dag zog rau cov tib neeg uas muaj kab mob Whiplash-Associated Disorders: Ib qho Randomized Controlled Crossover Study Part 2
Sep 13, 2023
3.4. Cov nyhuv ntawm ib koob tshuaj ib zaug ntawm ib qho SSRI lossis Xaiv NRI ntawm Kev Paub Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm hauv Teb rau Submaximal Aerobic Exercise hauv Cov Neeg nrog CWAD
Based on the interaction effects, no significant differences were revealed between the medication conditions (no medication, Citalopram, Atomoxetine) on cognitive performance in response to a bout of acute submaximal aerobic exercise in people with CWAD (p>{{0}} 05). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua kev sib piv ua ke (ua ntej-post submaximal ce) hauv txhua yam tshuaj, kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv xim rau Stroop cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm tsis sib haum (p=0.025, d=− 0.70) thiab xaiv lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv rau Stroop cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm congruent (p=0.018, d=−0.92) thiab qeb (p=0.012,d=−0.65 ) tau pom tom qab kev tawm dag zog rau qhov tsis muaj tshuaj noj (Daim duab 3; cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws qhia hauv Table 4).
Cistanche tuaj yeem ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog thiab lub zog ua kom muaj zog, thiab cov kev tshawb fawb sim tau pom tias decoction ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tuaj yeem tiv thaiv daim siab hepatocytes thiab endothelial hlwb puas hauv cov nas ua luam dej hnyav, txhawb kev qhia ntawm NOS3, thiab txhawb cov kab mob siab glycogen. synthesis, yog li exerting los tiv thaiv qaug zog. Phenylethanoid glycoside-nplua nuj Cistanche tubulosa extract tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, thiab lactate qib, thiab nce qib hemoglobin (HB) thiab piam thaj hauv ICR nas, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kev qaug zog los ntawm kev txo qis cov leeg nqaij. thiab ncua lub lactic acid enrichment rau lub zog cia hauv nas. Compound Cistanche Tubulosa ntsiav tshuaj ua rau lub sijhawm ua luam dej hnyav, nce siab glycogen cia, thiab txo qis qib urea tom qab kev tawm dag zog hauv cov nas, qhia nws cov nyhuv tiv thaiv kev qaug zog. Lub decoction ntawm Cistanchis tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua siab ntev thiab ua kom lub cev qaug zog hauv kev tawm dag zog nas, thiab tuaj yeem txo qhov siab ntawm cov ntshav creatine kinase tom qab kev tawm dag zog thiab ua kom lub cev nqaij daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov nas ib txwm muaj tom qab kev tawm dag zog, uas qhia tau hais tias nws muaj cov teebmeem. ntawm kev txhim kho lub cev muaj zog thiab tiv thaiv qaug zog. Cistanchis kuj tseem ua rau lub sijhawm muaj sia nyob ntawm cov nas uas muaj nitrite-poisoned thiab txhim kho lub siab ntev tiv thaiv hypoxia thiab qaug zog.
Nyem rau ntawm adrenal qaug zog
【Yog xav paub ntxiv:george.deng@wecistanche.com / WhatsApp:8613632399501】
Hauv qhov sib piv, tom qab tau txais Citalopram lossis Atomoxetine, ob qho tib si xaiv thiab kev saib xyuas tau zoo zuj zus, thiab lub sijhawm yooj yim (PVT) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nce ntxiv tom qab kev tawm dag zog (p<0.05) (Figures 3 and 4; Table 4). More specifically, people with CWAD showed significantly decreased accuracy in Stroop reaction time incongruent after the submaximal exercise bout on the Atomoxetine assessment day (p=0.030, d=−0.50). Additionally, participants showed a significantly higher number of lapses during the PVT after exercise compared to the pre-exercise result on the Atomoxetine assessment day (p=0.034, d=0.64) (Figure 4). After intake of Citalopram, Stroop accuracy negative priming significantly worsened after the aerobic exercise (p=0.015, d=−0.65) (Figure 3). Furthermore, after Citalopram intake, simple reaction time significantly increased postexercise, thus sustained attention worsened (p = 0.021, d = 0.53) (Figure 4).
4. Kev sib tham
Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tshiab no tau tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib koob tshuaj SSRI thiab xaiv NRI ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm so thiab teb rau kev tawm dag zog hauv cov neeg nrog CWAD. Thaum so, kev noj ntawm ib koob ntawm Atomoxetine muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Stroop txoj haujlwm tsuas yog ib qho mob los ntawm kev txo qis cov kev xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm Stroop congruent mob piv rau Stroop congruent cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm ntsuas tsis muaj Atomoxetine noj (me me. cov nyhuv loj). Qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tom kawg ntawm kev txhim kho kev saib xyuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog peb qhov kev xav. Txawm li cas los xij, Atomoxetine tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau tag nrho lwm yam kev paub txog kev ua tau zoo hauv cov neeg uas muaj CWAD. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm ib koob tshuaj Citalopram ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm so hauv cov neeg nrog CWAD tuaj yeem pom tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tau tshaj tawm cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm ob cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev paub yog tsaug zog, teeb meem pw tsaug zog, thiab qaug zog [65]. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov mob hnyav ntawm Citalopram lossis Atomoxetine tsis ua rau kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm so hauv cov neeg uas muaj CWAD piv rau qhov tsis muaj tshuaj noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, theem ntawm kev qaug zog tau zoo ib yam nyob rau txhua hnub ntsuas.
Tej zaum nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev sib kis ntawm noradrenergic ua ntej kev tawm dag zog thiab tom qab ntawd muaj ntau ntxiv ntawm norepinephrine tom qab Atomoxetine siv cov kev xaiv zoo dua, tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntxiv hauv cheeb tsam no yog qhov tsim nyog. Kev noj citalopram tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm, uas yog los ntawm kev tshawb pom hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv [46,66,67].
Txoj kev tshawb no muab qhov kev pom tshiab tias qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sib tw ntawm kev tawm dag zog aerobic rau kev xaiv xim thiab xaiv lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv (nruab nrab rau qhov loj me me) tsuas yog kuaj tau thaum tsis muaj SSRI lossis xaiv NRI raug coj los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj CWAD. Tsis tas li ntawd, WAD cov tsos mob, xws li mob (raws li peb txoj kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los [9]) thiab qaug zog, tsis tau ua kom hnyav dua tam sim ntawd lossis 24 h tom qab qoj ib ce.
Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tawm dag zog aerobic ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm yog, ntawm ib sab, xav txog vim tias qhov no tau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob uas mob nkees nkees [68] thiab cov neeg noj qab haus huv [35,36]. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam mob ntev uas kev kho mob qoj ib ce muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm [69–73]. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qee cov pov thawj muaj rau qhov ua rau cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus tom qab kev tawm dag zog lub cev hauv cov poj niam nrog CWAD [18]. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, cov neeg mob CWAD tsis pom qhov mob rhiab heev tom qab kev tawm dag zog aerobic [74].
Cov txheej txheem uas tuaj yeem piav qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tawm dag zog aerobic rau kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tau suav tias yog tsav los ntawm lub cev lus teb rau kev tawm dag zog. Cov lus teb no suav nrog kev hloov pauv hauv lub plawv dhia thiab ntshav plasma catecholamines, nce qib ntawm kev loj hlob yam xws li hlwb-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [35], thiab lub paj hlwb neurotransmitters xws li norepinephrine, serotonin, thiab dopamine, kho qhov kev tawm dag zog ntawm kev txawj ntse. [33, 34].
Kev noj tshuaj ntawm ib koob ntawm Atomoxetine ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm Stroop qhov tseeb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sijhawm tsis sib haum thiab ntau qhov yuam kev ntawm kev tso tseg thaum lub sij hawm PVT teb rau qhov kev tawm dag zog hnyav (qhov nruab nrab qhov loj me). Ib yam li ntawd, ib koob tshuaj Citalopram ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm Stroop qhov tseeb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm (tsis zoo priming) thiab ua rau kom txo qis kev saib xyuas tom qab kev tawm dag zog piv rau qhov ua ntej kev tawm dag zog (qhov nruab nrab cov nyhuv loj). Cov txiaj ntsig tom kawg tsis yog raws li peb cov kev xav. Vim tias kev hloov pauv hauv, piv txwv li, BDNF, serotonin, thiab norepinephrine qib hauv cov lus teb rau qhov kev tawm dag zog tsis tau ntsuas, peb tsis tuaj yeem hais tias cov txheej txheem twg suav nrog cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tom qab kev tawm dag zog.
Tej zaum, cov tshuaj mob hnyav ua rau nce qib ntawm serotonin thiab norepinephrine hauv lub hlwb muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov monoamines ntawm kev txawj ntse hauv kev teb rau kev tawm dag zog. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov koob tshuaj ib leeg ntawm ob qho tib si hauv nruab nrab cov tshuaj tsis tsim nyog kom ua tiav txoj hauv kev serotonergic thiab noradrenergic nqis los teb rau kev tawm dag zog thiab li no, kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tom qab. Yog li, qhov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob tsawg. Nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias cov kws kho mob tau qhia kom tsis txhob siv ib koob tshuaj Citalopram lossis Atomoxetine los txhim kho kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm thaum so lossis teb rau kev tawm dag zog rau cov neeg uas muaj CWAD.
Kev txwv thiab cov lus pom zoo rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv
Cov kev txwv hauv qab no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Raws li peb tsis tuaj yeem ua kom pom qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb, thiab tus qauv me me ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua yuam kev hom II, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv nrog cov qauv loj dua yuav raug lees paub ua ntej kev txiav txim siab ruaj khov.
Txoj kev tshawb no tsuas yog tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib koob tshuaj Citalopram thiab Atomoxetine hauv cov neeg uas muaj CWAD. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov siab tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, txhua tus neeg koom tau raug qhia kom noj Citalopram (20 mg ib os; Citalopram Sandoz®) rau plaub teev thiab Atomoxetine (40 mg ib os; Strattera®) rau ib thiab ib nrab teev, raws li, ua ntej lub sijhawm teem sijhawm pib ntawm lawv lub sijhawm [41,42]. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg mob uas mob ntev feem ntau noj cov tshuaj no ntev. Tej zaum, cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau noj rau lub sijhawm ntev ua ntej yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm. Tseeb, qhov pib ntawm kev ua ntawm Citalopram rau kev nyuaj siab yog kwv yees li 1 mus rau 4 lub lis piam, thiab cov lus teb tiav yuav siv sij hawm 8 mus rau 12 lub lis piam tom qab pib. Kev ua haujlwm yav tom ntej yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas seb qhov kev tswj hwm mus sij hawm ntev ntawm Citalopram puas muaj qhov sib txawv, raws li pom ntawm no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev sim no tsis yog tshuaj placebo. Peb tsis suav nrog cov xwm txheej nrog cov tshuaj placebo uas tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg dig muag cov neeg koom nrog rau hnub xeem yam tsis muaj tshuaj noj thiab txhawm rau txhim kho kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem hauv qab. Keeb kwm, peb npaj yuav suav nrog pawg placebo, tab sis pawg neeg saib xyuas kev ncaj ncees tsis pub peb ua li ntawd.
Kev txhim kho kev xaiv ua ke nrog rau qhov tsis muaj qhov ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab tom qab ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv cov lus teb rau kev tawm dag zog aerobic hauv cov tib neeg uas muaj CWAD qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv los kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob aerobic hauv kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm.
5. Cov lus xaus
Hauv kev xaus, ib koob tshuaj Atomoxetine txhim kho kev xaiv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib qho mob Stroop xwb, thiab ib koob tshuaj Citalopram tsis cuam tshuam rau kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm so hauv cov neeg nrog CWAD. Tsuas yog tsis muaj kev noj tshuaj tau xaiv cov kev saib xyuas zoo dua hauv kev teb rau kev tawm dag zog, thaum ob qho tib si hauv nruab nrab cov tshuaj ua rau lub cev tsis zoo hauv kev teb rau qhov kev tawm dag zog aerobic hauv cov neeg nrog CWAD. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv nrog cov qauv loj dua yog lav. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv mus sij hawm ntev ntawm kev xaiv serotonin reuptake inhibitors thiab xaiv norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors ntawm cov lus teb physiological rau kev tawm dag zog thiab cov teebmeem tom qab ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm hauv cov neeg mob ntev yog qhov kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej.
Tus sau kev koom tes:Conceptualization, JN, thiab KI; methodology, KI, IC, MM, IH, thiab MDK; validation, IC, JN, MM, MDK, ER, EH, RP, WVB, IH, and KI; kev soj ntsuam, MDK, IC, thiab KI; IC, JN, MM, MDK, ER, EH, RP, WVB, IH, and KI; cov peev txheej, IH, JN, thiab KI; cov ntaub ntawv curation, KI; kev sau ntawv—kev npaj ua ntej, IC, thiab KI; sau-review and editing, IC, JN, MM, MDK, ER, EH, RP, WVB, IH and KI; kev pom, IC; kev saib xyuas, KI, thiab JN; project tswj, KI; Kev nrhiav nyiaj txiag, JN, KI, thiab IH Txhua tus kws sau ntawv tau nyeem thiab pom zoo rau cov ntawv luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv sau.
Nyiaj txiag:Qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog ib feem nyiaj txiag los ntawm Scientific Fund Willy Gepts ntawm University Hospital Brussels, muab tus lej WFWG-22. Iris Coppieters, tus kws tshawb fawb tom qab kawm tiav ntawm Vrije Universiteit Brussel, tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [G007217N], Belgium. Eva Huysmans yog tus kws tshawb fawb PhD tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Foundation Flanders (FWO) [1108619N], Belgium. Roselien Pas thiab Emma Rheel tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham muab los ntawm Berekuyl Academy / European College rau Kev Kho Mob Lymphatic, Netherlands, mus rau Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Wouter Van Bogaert tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm rau Kev Tsim Kho tshiab los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Tshuab (IWT)-Applied Biomedical Research Program (TBM) [150180].
Institutional Review Board Statement:Cov txheej txheem tshawb fawb tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Tsev Kho Mob Brussels / Vrije Universiteit Brussel thiab ua raws li Kev Tshaj Tawm ntawm Helsinki. Cov tshuaj tshawb fawb tau tsim tawm raws li Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo. Txhua tus neeg tuaj koom tau raug qhia kom meej txog cov txheej txheem kev kawm thiab kos npe rau daim ntawv tso cai ua ntej kev kawm. Txoj kev tshawb no tau sau npe nrog ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier No. NCT01601912).
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Pom Zoo:Cov ntaub ntawv tso cai tau txais los ntawm txhua yam kev koom tes hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb.
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob:Thov hu rau tus kws sau ntawv kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Txhua qhov kev thov kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb yuav raug txiav txim siab los ntawm pab pawg tshawb fawb.
Kev lees paub:Cov kws sau ntawv xav ua tsaug rau Menno Franken thiab Elien Vanderlinden rau lawv cov kev pabcuam nrog kev sau cov ntaub ntawv. Cov kws sau ntawv xav ua tsaug rau Roos Colman thiab Wilfried Cools rau lawv cov kev pabcuam nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txaus siab:Cov kws sau ntawv tshaj tawm tsis muaj kev sib cav txog kev txaus siab. Cov peev nyiaj tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim qauv ntawm kev kawm; hauv kev sau, txheeb xyuas, lossis txhais cov ntaub ntawv; nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv; los yog hauv kev txiav txim siab tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig.
Cov ntaub ntawv
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Disclaimer/Publisher's Note:Cov nqe lus, kev xav, thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev tshaj tawm tsuas yog cov ntawm tus neeg sau ntawv thiab cov neeg koom tes thiab tsis yog ntawm MDPI thiab / lossis tus kws kho. MDPI thiab/los yog tus kws kho (s) tsis lees paub lub luag haujlwm rau kev raug mob rau tib neeg lossis cov khoom uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov tswv yim, txoj hauv kev, cov lus qhia, lossis cov khoom xa mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus.
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