Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj Tseem Ceeb thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm lom neeg ntawm Cistanche Tubulosa

Table 3 Lignan Cheebtsam

Table 4 Carbohydrate compounds

Table 5 Nucleosides, amino acids thiab nitrogen-muaj cov tebchaw

Table 6 Monotypic thiab organic acid tebchaw

2. Kev tshawb fawb txog yeeb tshuaj

2.1 Lub raum ua haujlwm

Gong Xia et al. [33] pom tiasCistanche tubulosa ethanol extractkho taulub raum yang deficiencylos ntawm kev nce lub cev hnyav,nce qib testosterone, thiabtxo kev ua haujlwm ntawm superoxide dismutase.Zhu Ju et al. [34] pom tiasCistanche tubulosa tag nrho glycosidestxo cell apoptosis thiab nce X-txuas apoptosis hauv ischemia-reperfusion raug mob raum cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm kev txo cov raum ua haujlwm ntsuas ntsuas urea nitrogen (BUN),ntshav creatinine(Scr) thiabCov txiaj ntsig ntawm cystatin C. Kev qhia ntawm apoptosis inhibitory protein (XIAP) ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm ischemia-reperfusion raum raug mob. Dong Jiaming et al. [11] siv network pharmacology thiab molecular docking thev naus laus zis los tshuaj xyuas 3 yam tseem ceeb ntawm Cistanche tubulosa hauv kev kho mob raum kab mob ua ke nrog osteoporosis (quercetin, -sitosterol, thiab salidroside), thiab 6 lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb.

Lawv yog cov qog nqaij hlav necrosis (TNF), AKT1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAPK1), JUN, RELA thiab cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2), thiab peb txoj kev taw qhia tseem ceeb (TNF, NF-κB thiab Oxytocin signaling pathway), ntawm cov uas -sitosterol, quercetin, PTGS2 thiab TNF cov kev taw qhia txoj hauv kev yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau CKD-OP. Zhang Jianfei et al. [35] pom tias Cistanche tubulosa extract tau ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm luav lub raum tubular epithelial cell puas los ntawm H2O2 nyob rau hauv ib tug concentration-dependent yam los ntawm kev txo cell proliferation thiab cellular LDH tso tawm. Cistanche tubulosa [36] tuaj yeem nce cAMP / cGMP tus nqi hauv plasma, tswj cov kev ua haujlwm neuroendocrine ntawm hypothalamus hauv cov nas uas muaj lub raum-yang tsis muaj peev xwm, tswj cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav, txhim kho cov kab mob pathological ntawm cov noob qes hauv cov nas uas muaj lub raum-yang deficiency, thiab ho txhim kho lub neej zoo nyob rau hauv nas nrog raum-yang deficiency. muaj peev xwm deev. Echinaceaside thiab Cistancheaside A hauv Cistanche tubulosa kuj muaj cov dej num lom neeg zoo. Cistancheaside A tuaj yeem txo qhov degeneration thiab necrosis ntawm lub raum tubular epithelial hlwb tshwm sim los ntawm mob raum ua haujlwm puas tsuaj. Tom qab kev kho mob, cov theem ntawm RIPK thiab Caspase zoo ib yam nrog cov neeg hauv pawg neeg ua haujlwm sham. , txhawm rau txhim kho a

Nws muab lub hauv paus rau cov tshuaj tshiab los kho AKI thiab muaj qee qhov kev thov rau kev kho mob [37]. Echinacea tuaj yeem txo Th1 muaj pes tsawg leeg los ntawm kev tswj cov ntshav peripheral Th2 muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntshav IL-6, IL-8, BUN, Scr qib, raum cov ntaub so ntswg IL-33 protein qhia, p-JAK2/JAK2 , p-STAT3/STAT3 Qhov piv thiab Th1/Th2 nce, exerting ib tug tiv thaiv nyhuv ntawm mob raum raug mob (AKI) nyob rau hauv septic nas [38].

2.2 Hepatoprotective nyhuv

Tag nrho glycosides ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tuaj yeem txo cov nas lub siab coefficient, daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg lipid deposition, alanine aminotransferase thiab aspartate aminotransferase qib, qhib Nrf-2/Keap-1 qhia txoj hauv kev hauv daim siab nqaij, inhibit siab cell apoptosis, thiab txhim kho daim siab pathological cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov hnyuv me. Pathological cov ntaub so ntswg morphology thiab plab hnyuv phab ntsa permeability tuaj yeem kho cov dej cawv ua rau lub siab raug mob kom ua tiav daim siab tiv thaiv [9]. Shuping et al. [39] pom tias phenylethanol glycosides ua rau nas nrog bovine serum albumin-induced lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob siab fibrosis, ua rau muaj kev nce hauv serum albumin thiab txo qis hauv cov ntshav tag nrho bilirubin thiab cov ntshav ncaj qha bilirubin qib. , cov ntsiab lus ntawm serum hyaluronic acid, laminin, hom III procollagen, thiab hom IV collagen tau txo qis, qhov qhia ntawm TGF- 1 protein kuj tseem inhibited, thiab qib ntawm aspartate aminotransferase thiab alanine aminotransferase raug txo [40 ], yog li tiv thaiv lub siab. Cells thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho daim siab fibrosis.

2.3 Cov teebmeem ntawm plab hnyuv

Fan Yanan et al. [41] pom tias tartrose nce qib ntawm acetylcholinesterase (AchE) hauv cov ntshav, txo cov qib endothelin-1 (ET-1) thiab nitric oxide (NO), thiab txo qis 5- hydroxytryptamine nyob rau hauv cov nqaij mos los ntawm kev tswj cov ntsiab lus ntawm acetylcholinesterase (AchE) hauv cov ntshav. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm (5-HT) thiab cov tshuaj P (SP) tau nce ntau, cov ntsiab lus ntawm vasoactive plab hnyuv peptide (VIP) nce, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm aquaporin 3 (AQP3) poob qis heev los ua kom cov nyhuv laxative. Zhang Baishun et al. [42] pom tias galactitol yog lub ntsiab laxative active ingredient ntawm cov tsoos suav tshuaj Cistanche tubulosa, thiab ua ib tug tshuaj-zoo kev kawm ntawm cov nyhuv laxative ntawm galactitol. 1.1% concentration muaj cov nyhuv laxative rau cov nas ib txwm. Dosage thiab dosage Cov nyhuv yog proportional rau kev sib raug zoo. Thaum lub concentration yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 10%, qhov koob tshuaj-zoo nkhaus ua ca. Thaum cov concentration ntawm galactitol siab dua 5.5%, nws muaj qhov pom tseeb antagonistic cuam tshuam rau cov qauv phenylethyl piperidine. Echinacea txhim kho cem quav los ntawm kev txo cov plab hnyuv oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab inflammatory teb, txhim kho plab hnyuv neurotransmitter abnormality thiab nce QP3 qhia nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv [43]. Wang Xinlei et al. [44] siv ultra-siab ua kua chromatography tandem lub sij hawm-ntawm-flight huab hwm coj spectrometry los txiav txim cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tag nrho cov glucosides los ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tom qab tau metabolized los ntawm cov kua txiv gastric. Lawv xav tias nws txoj hauv kev metabolic suav nrog methylation, demethylation, hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, Methoxylation, acetylation, sulfation, glucuronidation. Ob qho tib si dej thiab cawv rho tawm ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab mob luv luv fatty acids hauv plab hnyuv lumen thiab mucosa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog butyric acid. Nws tau pom tias txawm tias txoj kev rho tawm cawv tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev rho tawm ntawm phenylethanoid glycosides, nws ua rau lawv nyob hauv plab hnyuv. Bioavailability tsawg thaum lub sij hawm zom mov [45] Han Tianyu et al. [46] pom tias Cistanche tubulosa extract tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob plab hnyuv tsis txaus los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws plab. Cistanche tubulosa kuj tuaj yeem kho qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov hnyuv hauv cov neeg mob Parkinson los ntawm kev sib xyaw levodopa. Yog vim li cas tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau lub luag hauj lwm ntawm active cov khoom xyaw xws li amino acids nyob rau hauv Cistanche tubulosa [47].

2.4 Inhibiting cell proliferation

Qi Xinxin et al. [48] ​​tau qhia tias phenylethanoid glycosides (CPhGs) tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm HepG2 daim siab mob qog noj ntshav thiab ua rau apoptosis hauv HepG2 daim siab mob hlwb los ntawm kev tswj hwm Bcl2 thiab nce-regulating Cleaved-Caspase3 thiab polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARPs) apoptosis protein. . Nws tseem tuaj yeem ntes lub voj voog ntawm tes hauv S theem. Feng Duo [49] thiab lwm tus tau pom tias muaj siab ntau ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tag nrho glycosides tuaj yeem thaiv HepG2 hlwb hauv G2 / M theem, tswj qhov txo qis hauv kev qhia ntawm -catenin thiab Dsh, thiab nce qhov kev qhia ntawm GSK-3 . Nws cuam tshuam rau lub voj voog ntawm tes, txhawb nqa cell apoptosis, thiab txwv kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm tes. Nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav yog los qhib GSK-3 kom txo qis -catenin los ntawm Wnt/ -catenin qhia txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav daim siab mob qog noj ntshav. Ib yam li ntawd, tom qab Cistanche tubulosa cuam tshuam nrog Bel-7405 lub siab mob qog noj ntshav rau lub sijhawm qee lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes yog inhibited, mitochondrial apoptosis tshwm sim, thiab cell apoptosis yog ntxias kom inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm Bel{17}} daim siab. mob qog noj ntshav [50] Hou Xiaotian thiab lwm tus [51, 52] pom tias tom qab CPhGs cuam tshuam, kev qhia ntawm LC3BⅡ protein nyob rau hauv subcutaneous transplanted hlav nce, kev qhia ntawm P62 protein txo, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm autophagosomes thiab autolysosomes nyob rau hauv cov qog hlwb nce, thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam. Nws muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov koob tshuaj, yog li inducing autophagy nyob rau hauv cov qog hlwb, tswj TNF-cov ntsiab lus los inhibit qog cell proliferation thiab metastasis, thiab ntxiv inhibiting kev loj hlob ntawm subcutaneous transplanted hlav nyob rau hauv H22 qog-cov kabmob nas. Echinacea tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav thiab txhawb nqa cell apoptosis. Wang Kangmin et al. [53] pom tias echinaceaside inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij squamous cell carcinoma cells thiab induces cell apoptosis los ntawm kev tswj cov kev qhia ntawm circ0046264/miR-510/OPCML. Echinacea tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob, ntxeem tau, qia cell zoo li lub zog thiab phosphorylation ntawm p38 MAPK ntawm zes qe menyuam qog noj ntshav SKOV3 hlwb [54]. Echinaceaside inhibits kev loj hlob thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm tib neeg lub ntsws cancer HCC827 hlwb los ntawm inhibiting qhov ua kom T RⅠ / Smad signaling txoj kev, thiab txhawb nqa cell apoptosis [55]. Wang Qianting et al. [56] kwv yees qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm echinaceaside thiab AKR1B10 raws li molecular docking, thiab tshawb xyuas tias echinaceaside koob tshuaj-dependently txo cov qib ntawm AKR1B10 / ERK cov kab mob ntsig txog cov protein hauv MCF-7 hlwb, txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes. . Echinaceaside thaiv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntawm lub mis proliferation, metastasis thiab doxorubicin tsis kam los ntawm kev tsom AKR1B10.

Cistanche tubulosa polysaccharideinducesapoptosisnyob rau hauv tib neeg mob leukemia cell kab Jurkat hlwb. Nws thawj zaug ua rau ntawm cov cell membrane nto receptors leukocyte ntau antigen (CD45) thiab transferrin receptor (CD71), cuam tshuam thiab hloov lawv cov kev qhia thiab kev faib tawm, thiab hloov cov teeb liab apoptosis rau hauv cov hlwb, nws ntxiv ua rau ERK phosphorylation thiab JNK dephosphorylation, thaum kawg. activating caspase-9, uas nyob rau hauv lem activates caspase-3, ua rau cell apoptosis [57]. Echinacea tuaj yeem txo cov apoptosis ntawm SH-SY5Y hlwb induced los ntawm MPP +. Cov txiaj ntsig no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov kev qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov protein thiab phosphorylating Akt, yog li tiv thaiv lub mitochondrial kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb [58].acteoside tuaj yeem nce qhovcell viability ntawm tib neeg endothelial hlwb HUVECs, txo cov secretion ntawm inflammatory yamIL-1 , IL-6, TNF- thiab cell apoptosis tus nqi, txo qhov piv ntawm apoptotic protein Bax/Bcl-2, txo cell apoptosis, thiab txhawb kev tuag ntawm tes.

Kev zais ntawm NO thiab eNOS nce, nce cell tiv thaiv autophagy, thiab txhim kho endothelial dysfunction [59]. Cistanche tubulosa nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm neural qia hlwb thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm neural qia hlwb rau qee yam [60]. Cistanche tubulosa inhibits HIF-1 /VEGF teeb liab txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob, kev tsiv teb tsaws thiab angiogenesis ntawm tib neeg retinal capillary endothelial hlwb induced los ntawm siab qabzib [61]. Cistanche tubulosa phenylethanol glycoside txo cov piam thaj tswj cov protein 78, CCAAT / txhim kho kev khi cov protein homologous protein, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, thiab cysteine-muaj aspartate protease -12 los ntawm kev txo cov lactate dehydrogenase. Kev qhia mRNA tuaj yeem txhim kho H9c2 cell puas thiab apoptosis los ntawm H2O2-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress raug mob [62]. Quercetin hauv Cistanche tubulosa muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm kev tsim, proliferation thiab maturation ntawm osteoclasts, thiab tseem tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm osteoblasts. Nws cov txheej txheem muaj feem xyuam rau inhibiting PTGS2 qhia, inhibiting NF-κB ua kom, thiab rov ua kom zoo li qub ntawm TNF-. lwm[63]. 2-Acetyl acteoside tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tsim ntawm osteoclasts, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav cuam tshuam nrog nws inhibition ntawm kev qhia ntawm TRAP, ITG 3 thiab c-Fos.

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3 Kev sib tham

Cov kab lus piav qhia txog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm Cistanche tubulosa nrog rau nws cov tshuaj pharmacodynamics thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm lub raum nourishing, tiv thaiv daim siab, kev tswj lub plab zom mov, thiab kev tiv thaiv cell proliferation. Ntawm lawv, muaj 83 phenylethanol glycosides thiab 28 iridoids. Muaj 19 lignans, 14 qab zib tebchaw, 28 nucleosides, amino acids thiab nitrogen-muaj cov tebchaw, thiab 19 monoterpenes thiab organic acids. Tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm Cistanche tubulosa feem ntau tsom rau phenylethanol glycosides, tag nrho glycosides thiab iridoids. Muaj kev tshawb fawb tsawg dua ntawm lwm cov khoom xws li lignans thiab monoterpenoids. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau pom tias terpenes muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo. , me me molecule terpenes tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha-hlwb barrier los kho cov kab mob neurological. Ntawm lawv, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag uas tswj lub plab zom mov yog polysaccharides, tab sis kev tshawb fawb ntawm polysaccharides feem ntau yog hais txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm crude polysaccharides. Tsis tshua muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm polysaccharides thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm monosaccharides. Kev tshawb fawb tom qab tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshawb fawb dav dav ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm Cistanche tubulosa.

Qhov pib ntawm kev tshawb fawb.

Raws li ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj tonic, Cistanche tubulosa muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no thiab muaj cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev nkag siab tob ntawm tib neeg txoj kev nkag siab ntawm Cistanche tubulosa, nws tau pom tias ntxiv rau cov tsoos.raum tonifyingthiabyang-enhancing teebmeem ntawm Cistanche tubulosa, nws kuj muaj lub siab tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv kev laus, tiv thaiv qaug zog, zoo li tshuaj estrogen, inhibits qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav, thiab kho cov kab mob neurological. Cov kab mob xws li Parkinson's disease thiab kev tswj cov kab mob plab hnyuv thiab lwm yam active ingredient. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias thaum Cistanche tubulosa tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob raum, nws tseem cuam tshuam rau txoj hnyuv thiab plab hnyuv, thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm lom neeg zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm tonifying lub raum thiab ntxiv dag zog rau yang raws li txoj kev xav ntawm txoj hnyuv-lub raum. Kev tshawb nrhiav metabolic hloov pauv tsis zoo. Cistanche tubulosa muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cawv ua rau lub siab puas tsuaj thiab daim siab oxidative puas los ntawm D-galactose. Cov kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no qhia tau hais tias Cistanche tubulosa kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig kho mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm inhibiting kev loj hlob ntawm daim siab qog nqaij hlav cancer. Nws kuj muaj qee yam kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob neural qia hlwb thiab osteoblasts. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb txog cov nyhuv hepatoprotective ntawm Cistanche tubulosa feem ntau tsom rau phenylethanoid glycosides. Kev tshawb fawb txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm polysaccharides thiab lwm yam khoom tseem tsis tau tiav. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tuaj yeem ua tiav yav tom ntej txhawm rau txhawm rau siv tag nrho thiab siv cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tsim.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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[3] Xie Qian. Kev tiv thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm Cistanche tubulosa tag nrho glycosides ntawm lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial inflammatory teb [Master]. Xinjiang Medical University; 2021.

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[15] Liu WS, Liu YJ, Song Qingqing, et al. Siv ~ 1h-nmr los sib piv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom qus thiab cog qoob loo ntawm Cistanche tubulosa. Suav Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2018;43:3506-12.

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[20] Wang Liwei. Kev rho tawm, txheeb xyuas, txheeb xyuas qhov ntau thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm Cistanche tubulosa Cheebtsam [Master]. Inner Mongolia University; 2016.