Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb hauv Molecular Mechanism Ntawm Cov Tshuaj Suav Tshuaj Hauv Kev Kho Mob Ntawm Oligozoospermia Thiab Asthenospermia
Mar 08, 2023
Tam sim no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm txiv neej infertility yog nce. Kwv yees li ntawm 15 feem pua ntawm cov niam txiv ntawm lub hnub nyoog yug me nyuam tsis muaj peev xwm muaj menyuam, thaum qhov feem pua ntawm kev xeeb tub los ntawm cov txiv neej yog li 50 feem pua [1]. Cov yam uas ua rau txiv neej infertility yog complex, thiab oligozoospermia yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim li cas rau txiv neej infertility. Tam sim no, cov tshuaj rau oligo asthenospermia feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv estrogen clomiphene, L-carnitine levocarnitine, antioxidant vitamin E, thiab lwm yam. Lawv feem ntau siv los ua ke nrog kev kho mob, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tsis siab. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov tshuaj suav tshuaj tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev pib nrog txoj kev kho mob ntawm lub raum thiab cov ntsiab lus, ntxiv dag zog rau tus po thiab soothing lub siab, ua kom cov ntshav ncig thiab tshem tawm cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov khoom siv zoo thiab cov txheej txheem. ntawm kev txiav txim kuj nce. Hauv daim ntawv no, kev tshawb fawb kev nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem molecular ntawm kev kho mob ntawm oligozoospermia thiab asthenospermia nrog cov tshuaj suav tshuaj hauv xyoo tas los no tau sau tseg raws li hauv qab no.
Suav tshuaj ntsuab cistanche
1, Suav tshuaj ntsuab
(1) Morinda officinalis
Morinda officinalis muaj cov teebmeem ntawm invigorating lub raum, consolidating lub essence, thiab calming lub paj hlwb. Nws cov extract tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhim kho tus naj npawb thiab ciaj sia taus ntawm cov phev tab sis kuj txo cov phev deformity.
Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem kho qhov kev puas tsuaj rau testicular microstructure thiab ultrastructure. Kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig, kab mob ntawm qhov chaw mos, varicocele, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa oxygen ntau dhau (ROS) hauv cov phev. ROS ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab oxidative, uas yuav tsis tsuas ua rau cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phev daim nyias nyias, tab sis kuj ua rau cov phev DNA ua rau cov phev tsis zoo. Cov extract ntawm Morinda officinalis tuaj yeem nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm superoxide dismutase (SOD) hauv cov nqaij mos, tshem tawm cov dawb radicals los ntawm SOD, inhibit lipid peroxidation ntawm cell membrane, thiab tiv thaiv cov phev los ntawm kev puas tsuaj oxidative [2]. Cov extract ntawm Morinda officinalis tuaj yeem ua rau Sertoli hlwb ntawm testis ntawm nas nrog cyclophosphamide-induced spermatogenesis teeb meem, thiab ua rau kom cov lus qhia ntawm FSHR mRNA thiab androgen binding protein (ABP) mRNA hauv Sertoli hlwb. Lub tshuab yuav ua rau kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) thiab FSHR los ntawm cAMP-PKA, Ca ntxiv thiab lwm txoj hauv kev, Nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov protein phosphorylation thiab nce kev qhia ntawm cov khoom protein ABP. Kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb ntawm ABP thiab testosterone tuaj yeem tswj hwm qib ntawm testosterone hauv cov tubules seminiferous thiab muab ib puag ncig tsim nyog rau spermatogenesis thiab maturation [3]. Morinda officinalis tseem tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau ntawm pituitary, nce qhov zoo ntawm pituitary, txhawb nws cov synthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm FSH, thiab tom qab ntawd txhawb cov spermatogenesis; Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv FSH qib ntawm cov pab pawg kho mob. Tej zaum nws yuav yog Morinda officinalis tsis ncaj qha rau ntawm lub caj pas pituitary, tab sis ua rau lub hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov tshuaj hormones thiab tawm tswv yim mechanism [4]. Tsis tas li ntawd, Morinda officinalis muaj zinc thiab lwm yam kab mob uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem spermatogenesis, kev loj hlob, thiab capacitation, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho cov phev zoo.
(2) Cistanche deserticola
"Desert ginseng"Cistanche deserticola mayog ib qho tshuaj uas nquag siv rau kev kho cov txiv neej kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Nws cov khoom xyaw nquag muaj xws li phenylethanoid, polysaccharides, flavonoids, thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Cistanche deserticola tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm nas, txhim kho microenvironment ntawm epididymis, ua qauv morphology ntawm cov tubules seminiferous, nce tus naj npawb ntawm testicular interstitial hlwb, nce qib ntawm testosterone, thiab txhim kho spermatogenic muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub testis. Nws lub tswv yim yog tias Cistanche deserticola tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov enzyme tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog metabolism thaum lub sij hawm spermatogenesis - lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), thiab Star, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP3A4 - HSD thiab 17 - HSD thiab lwm yam steroid. -ua enzymes tau qhia, yog li nce qib ntawm testosterone [5,6]. Cistanche phenylethanoid tuaj yeem txhim kho SOD kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nas phev raug tshem tawm hauv vitro, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm malonaldehyde (MDA), thiab muaj cov nyhuv antagonistic ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab puas ntawm cov phev membrane los ntawm ROS, thiab cov kev ua haujlwm antioxidant ntawm Cistanche phenylethanoid hauv nruab nrab thiab pawg koob tshuaj ntau (0.25, 0.5g/mL) yog qhov zoo dua li cov vitamin C [7].
Nyem qhov no mus saib Cistanche hmoov khoom
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(3) Cynomorium songaricum
Cynomorium muaj cov nyhuv ntawm tonifying raum yang, pab cov ntshav essence, moistening plab hnyuv, thiab relieving cem quav. Cynomorium solarium tuaj yeem ua kom cov phev kom muaj nuj nqis thiab tseem ceeb ntawm oligozoospermia thiab asthenospermia qauv nas thiab ua kom cov noob qes zoo. Nws cov carbohydrates, flavonoids, thiab polyphenols muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov pa oxygen dawb radicals thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov poob ntawm cov phev thiab qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab los ntawm ROS ntau dhau. Cynomorium solarium muaj zinc, manganese, thiab lwm yam kab kawm, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov phev morphology thiab tseem ceeb. Cynomorium solarium tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev qhia ntawm glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), GDNF, thiab GFR ntawm cov kab mob spermatogonial qia hlwb hauv nas testis Sertoli hlwb Tom qab kev khi tshwj xeeb, Ret protein tyrosine kinase tau qhib, thiab tom qab ntawd PI3K / Akt , Src, Ras / ERK1 / 2, thiab lwm yam teeb liab txoj hauv kev tau qhib, uas ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov kab hauv qab ntawm txoj kev, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm spermatogonial qia hlwb, thiab tom qab ntawd txhawb cov txheej txheem spermatogenesis; GDNF tseem tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev faib tawm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Sertoli hlwb hauv ib qho autocrine, thiab koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav; Tsis tas li ntawd, GDNF tuaj yeem ua rau capillary endothelial hlwb hauv daim ntawv ntawm paracrine, txhawb lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab tsim kev sib txuas nruj, thiab koom nrog kev tsim cov ntshav-testis barrier [8].
(4) Astragalus membranaceus
Cov khoom siv tau zoo ntawm astragalus suav nrog tag nrho astragalus ketone (TFA), tag nrho astragalus polysaccharide (TPA), tag nrho astragalus saponins (TSA), thiab lwm yam. Astragalus membranaceous ua ib qho additive hauv vitro tau siv dav hauv kev pabcuam kev ua me nyuam, xws li intrauterine artificial insemination. (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), thiab phev cryopreservation
Nws muaj daim ntawv thov nqi. Tom qab ntxiv kev txhaj tshuaj astragalus, tib neeg phev motility, linear tshaj tawm (VSL), nkhaus tshaj tawm (VCL), thiab qhov nruab nrab txoj kev tshaj tawm (VAP) tau nce ntxiv, uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm antioxidant ntawm astragalus thiab nws lub peev xwm los ua kom cov concentration ntawm Ca ntxiv rau hauv cov phev thiab txhim kho cov phev mitochondrial kev ua haujlwm [9]. CAMP-responsive element regulator (CREM) thiab test-specific CREM activator (ACT) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txawv ntawm tes tom qab phev meiosis. Astragalus tseem tuaj yeem txhawb cov phev kev loj hlob los ntawm kev nthuav qhia CREM thiab ACT cov proteins hauv nas testis [10]. Tsis tas li ntawd, TPA tuaj yeem inhibit platelet aggregation, txhawb kev ua haujlwm fibrinolytic, nthuav cov hlab ntsha, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidant, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm lipid peroxide, txo oxidative puas tsuaj los ntawm cov dawb radicals, thiab txhim kho phev zoo.
Superman tshuaj ntsuab cistanche
(5) Epimedium
Epimedium tuaj yeem txhim kho cov phev tseem ceeb, ua kom cov phev kom muaj nuj nqis thiab ua kom cov noov erection. Icariin yog tag nrho cov flavonoid rho tawm los ntawm stems thiab nplooj ntawm Epimedium thiab yog lub ntsiab bioactive tivthaiv ntawm Epimedium. Kev tuav lub siab concentration ntawm testosterone nyob rau hauv lub seminiferous tubules ntawm lub testis plays ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txhawb spermatogenesis. Icariin muaj cov tshuaj hormones zoo li kev sib deev thiab tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov gonads kom nce qhov tso tawm ntawm testosterone. Tsis tas li ntawd, icariin tuaj yeem tswj hwm qib ntawm testosterone los ntawm kev tswj cov kev qhia ntawm peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) thiab steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv testosterone synthesis thiab ua haujlwm ntawm hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis [ 11]. Icariin tuaj yeem txhim kho SOD kev ua haujlwm ntawm nas phev ncua kev kawm, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA, pab txo qis oxidative puas ntawm phev DNA, thiab tiv thaiv lub cev morphology thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm phev [12]. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nyob rau hauv cov qauv nas nrog cov qog nqaij hlav puas tsuaj los ntawm adenine, cov nyhuv antioxidant ntawm tag nrho cov flavones ntawm Epimedium yog zoo dua li ntawm methyltestosterone, tab sis kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntshav testosterone tus nqi tsis muaj zog dua li qub; Piv nrog rau cov vitamin E, nws txoj kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntshav testosterone tus nqi yog zoo dua li cov vitamin E, thaum nws cov nyhuv antioxidant tsis muaj zog dua li cov vitamin E [13]. Tsis tas li ntawd, icariin tseem tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm Sertoli hlwb los ntawm kev ua kom ERK1/2 teeb liab txoj hauv kev [14], thiab Sertoli hlwb muaj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li muab kev txhawb nqa rau cov spermatogenic hlwb, koom tes hauv kev tsim cov ntshav-testis barrier, secreting. ntau yam khoom tsim nyog rau cov phev sib txawv thiab kev loj hlob, uas tej zaum yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm icariin txhim kho kev ua me nyuam, tab sis seb nws puas tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm Sertoli hlwb hauv vivo tseem yuav tau kawm ntxiv.
(6) Wolfberry txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Lycium barbarum txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab LBP yog tsim los ntawm xylose.
Nws yog tsim los ntawm galactose, arabinose, qabzib, rhamnose, thiab mannitol. LBP tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm T, TSH, thiab LH thiab tswj hwm qhov qub spermatogenic ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tswj cov pituitary-gonadal axis. LBP muaj kev ua haujlwm antioxidant, uas tuaj yeem ua rau SOD kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phev tshem tawm ntawm nas nrog oligozoospermia thiab asthenospermia raug cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws xob, txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA, txo cov oxidative puas ntawm cov nqaij mos, txhawb kev txhim kho thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog ua haujlwm, thiab ua kom cov qog nqaij hlav oxidative. tus naj npawb thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov phev [15] Kev txo cov phev muaj feem xyuam rau spermatogenic cell apoptosis. Cov noob tseem ceeb tswj cov spermatogenic cell apoptosis yog Fas / Fasl gene, Bcl-2/Bax gene tsev neeg, P53 noob, HSP noob, thiab lwm yam. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias LBP tuaj yeem txo qhov kev qhia ntawm caspase-3 los ntawm nce - tswj cov protein qhia ntawm anti-apoptotic genes Bcl -2, Bcl-w, thiab Hsp70, down-regulating cov protein qhia ntawm proapoptotic noob Bax, Fas, thiab P53, thiab inhibiting tso tawm ntawm cytochrome C (cytC) los ntawm mitochondria, yog li txo cov apoptosis ntawm spermatogenic hlwb [16, 17]. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm cyclophosphamide-induced oligospermia nas qauv, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm thawj spermatocytes (4C hlwb) nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav ntawm pab pawg neeg kho mob nrog ntau npaum li cas ntawm Lycium barbarum decoction tau nce mus rau ib qho twg piv nrog rau pawg tswj, Yog li nws tau kwv yees tias cov txheej txheem ntawm Lycium barbarum hauv kev kho oligospermia cuam tshuam nrog nws lub peev xwm los txhawb kev faib thiab sib txawv ntawm cov spermatogonia, thiab yog li txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm 4C hlwb [18].
Dragon tshuaj ntsuab cistanche
(7) Dodder noob
Cov phev auscultate feem ntau muaj flavonoids, glycosides, kab kawm, thiab lwm yam, ntawm cov flavonoids ntawm phev cuscutae yog nws cov tshuaj tseem ceeb, uas tuaj yeem txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua me nyuam, thiab txhim kho phev vitality thiab ciaj sia taus. Cuscuta chinensis flavonoids kuj tau siv dav hauv cov kab mob gynecological endocrine, uas qhia tau hais tias Cuscuta chinensis tsis yog hloov pauv rau qee cov tshuaj hormones, tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, nrog rau cov nyhuv zoo li gonadotropin. Cuscuta chinensis extract muaj cov tshuaj antioxidant zoo, thiab cov haujlwm antioxidant ntawm 0.25g / mL crude tshuaj Cuscuta chinensis extract yog qhov zoo dua li cov vitamin C, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho SOD kev ua ntawm phev ncua, txo MDA cov ntsiab lus, txhim kho phev. antioxidant muaj peev xwm, thiab tiv thaiv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm phev membrane [19]. Cuscuta flavonoids tuaj yeem kho S theem ntawm spermatogenic hlwb, cuam tshuam nrog kev faib tawm ntawm cov spermatogenic hlwb, tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov spermatogenic hlwb, thiab txo cov apoptosis ntawm spermatogenic hlwb los ntawm down-regulating cov kev qhia ntawm apoptotic noob Fas thiab Fasl [20] . Cuscuta chinensis extract tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev qhia ntawm cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) thiab CYP19 hauv nas testis. P450arom yog tus nqi-txheej enzyme ntawm testicular estrogen synthesis, thiab CYP19 yog cov noob tseem ceeb ntawm estrogen synthesis, thaum qhov txawv txav ntawm endogenous estrogen tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau vas deferens, epididymis, thiab tubules ntawm testicular reticulum, ua rau cov kab mob ntawm tes. apoptosis thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Yog li, Cuscuta chinensis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam spermatogenesis los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj estrogen [21]. Qhov tsim nyog concentration ntawm Cuscuta chinensis tuaj yeem txhim kho cov phev kev ua si thiab kev txav mus los hauv vitro ntawm cov neeg mob asthenospermia, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzyme tseem ceeb proteolytic acrosin hauv cov txheej txheem fertilization, pab txhawb kev decomposition ntawm phev mus rau cumulus ntawm qe hlwb thiab nkag mus. ntawm lub zona pellucida, thiab pab fertilization, uas tej zaum yuav yog ib tug ntawm cov mechanisms ntawm nws cov kev ua ntawm asthenospermia, thiab kuj qhia tau hais tias Cuscuta chinensis yuav muaj daim ntawv thov nqi nyob rau hauv vitro fertilization technology [22].
(8) Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis yog ib hom tshuaj suav siv ntau rau kev kho cov txiv neej kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog polysaccharides, lignans, flavonoids, thiab lwm yam Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide tuaj yeem ua rau cov spermatogenic epithelial txheej, cov txheej txheem ntawm cellular, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov spermatogenic hauv cov nas uas muaj cov kab mob spermatogenic tshwm sim los ntawm cyclophosphamide; Piv nrog rau pawg tswj hwm, cov phev concentration, thiab cov phev ciaj sia tau nce, cov phev deformity tsawg zuj zus, cov ntshav FSH thiab LH txo qis, thiab T cov ntsiab lus hauv cov qog nqaij hlav nce. Cov txheej txheem yuav muaj feem xyuam rau kev kho cov kev cai ntawm hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis thiab tswj cov qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones [23]. Tsis tas li ntawd, Schisandra polysaccharide thiab lignans muaj cov teebmeem antioxidant, tuaj yeem txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidant xws li SOD, thiab GSH-PX, thiab muaj qee yam kev cuam tshuam rau superoxide anion dawb radicals, hydroxyl dawb radicals, thiab DPPH dawb radicals, uas yuav muaj feem xyuam rau kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Schisandra chinensis [24, 25].
Cistanche txiv neej cov txiaj ntsig
(9) Salvia miltiorrhiza
Salvia miltiorrhiza yog ib qho tshuaj uas siv hauv Suav teb, uas tam sim no tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob plawv-cerebrovascular. Cov tshuaj Salvia miltiorrhiza kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau txiv neej cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob xws li txiv neej infertility, epididymitis, thiab varicocele. Salvia miltiorrhiza dej extract tuaj yeem txhim kho phev concentration, ciaj sia taus, thiab tag nrho cov kev ua ntawm oligozoospermic thiab hypozoospermic nas qauv tsim los ntawm cyclophosphamide kev puas tsuaj, nce cov feem pua ntawm cov phev mus rau pem hauv ntej (PR), nruab nrab phev txav ceev (CVP), thiab linear zog ceev index (VSL), thiab txo cov chromosome aberration thaum ntxov thiab phev DNA puas ntawm cov spermatogenic hlwb, uas tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau nws cov kev ua antioxidant [26]. Tsis tas li ntawd, salvia miltiorrhiza muaj inhibitory teebmeem ntawm Escherichia coli thiab Staphylococcus aureus. Kev txhaj tshuaj salvia miltiorrhiza tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov phev muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov phev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov nas uas kis tus kab mob Escherichia coli, thiab txo cov phev deformity [27].
siv
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