Kev tshawb fawb Kev Kawm hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj suav tsoos ntawm kev kho mob ntawm postmenopausal osteoporosis ⅱ

2 Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm cov molecular txheej txheem ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus kev sib txuam nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj suav

 

2.1 txoj cai ntawm anteamlast-osteoclast tshuav nyiaj los ntawm cov tshuaj suav suav tshuaj hauv PMOP cov txheej txheem

 

2.1.1 khiav runx2, bmp {{4 4}} thiab gsk -3}}}: bmscs muaj ntau yam peev xwm [39].

 

Sib txawv sib txawv, kho thiab cov khoom siv roj av yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov teeb meem kev sib txawv xws li Runt-Religetic protein (BMP) thiab wnt / -catenin. Runx2 yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb. Nws tswj cov protein protein los ntawm kev khi rau cov chaw sib txawv ntawm cov neeg txhawb nqa thiab ua kom zoo, BMSCS rau kev sib txawv rau hauv ob qho. BMP -2 Yog qhov kev hloov pauv kev loj hlob, uas tseem muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam BMSCS kom sib txawv rau hauv ob qho [40]. Yog li ntawd, qhov inhibition ntawm BMP -2 thiab runx2 tuaj yeem txo cov pob txha kev sib npaug, thiab tsis muaj kev sib npaug ntawm ob thiab OC, uas ua rau cov pob txha tsis zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias tus nqi yuav ua rau BMSCS, uas tau txhim kho ob qho tib si sib txawv los tiv thaiv kab mob mRMP los ntawm kev coj ntawm BMP {}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} thiab runx2 [41].

 

Tshuaj ntsuab cistance ntxiv rau pob txha noj qab haus huv

 

Glycogen synthease Kinase -3 (gsk -3} (gske} Ob qho kev sib tw thiab sib txawv yog cuam tshuam rau LRP6 thiab -Catenin kev cai, thiab gsk {5} Mr {-3 phosphorylation. Wnt / -Catenin yog ib txoj kev tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm thiab pob txha sib npaug, uas tuaj yeem tswj BMSCS sib txawv rau hauv ob [43]. Wnt ligands khi rau frizzled thiab lipoprotein receptor-cuam tshuam rau n-{(LRPP5 / 6) Kev kho cov protein, tswj cov nqe lus ntawm ob-ntsig txog cov hom phiaj thiab kev txhawb nqa ob txoj kev tsim. Rehmannia Catalpp yog cov kev nquag ua haujlwm ntawm Rehmannia hauv paus rau kev kho cov kab ke, thiab txhawb kev sib txawv ntawm osteogenic [44].
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Wnt / -Catenin signing txoj kev yuav txhawb tau lwm qhov sib txawv los ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj BMP -2}}}}}}}}}}} Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj uas MRA tuaj yeem nce -scatenin mRNA qhia, txhawb nqa GskTus thiab txhawb nqa lwm txoj kev sib txawv, thiab txhim kho PMOP [45].

2.1.2 Qeb / qeb / OPG kev tswj hwm Axis: NF-κB receptor ligand activator liigon (rank recucction axis rau cov pob txha tseem ceeb rau cov pob txha. Nqe qeb duas yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cov Qum Necrosia Factor (TNFR) superfamily thiab yog cytokine tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm OC. Nws tau qhia los ntawm OB thiab yog ib qhov ua kom pom kev zoo.

Rank yog lub teeb liab receptor ntawm qeb duas. Nws yog tsim ntawm hom kuv transmembrane protein thiab yog tus raug tnframily. Qeb duas thiab qib tau hu rau los ntawm cov kab mob hlwb lossis ua kom muaj kev sib koom tes ntawm Tell kev ua haujlwm, thiab thaum kawg ua rau Tell kev ua haujlwm C1 (NFATC1), yog li txhawb nqa qhov sib txawv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Oc [{46-47].
OPG yog ib tus tswv cuab ntawm TNFR Superfamily thiab yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm OB. Cov tshuaj estrogen tuaj yeem nce opg theem [{48-49]. OPG sib cuam tshuam nrog membrane thiab soluble qeb thiab soluble receptor, thaiv cov kev ua kom lub luag haujlwm ntawm qeb duas, thiab cuam tshuam rau qib kev sib txawv. Lub tshuab ua yeeb yam ntawm cov tshuaj Hmoob ib txwm muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov qeb / qib / OPG cov kev cai lij choj axis. Cov pob txha qhuav huv rau hauv Yishen Jiangu daim ntawv qhia tau tuaj yeem tswj tus piv ntawm OPG mus rau qeb loj thiab txhawb nqa lwm qhov sib txawv [50]. Jiawei Yankhe Decoction tuaj yeem nce qib alp, opg, thiab lwm yam yog nce, uas ua si pob txha tiv thaiv lub luag haujlwm [51]. Dib noob polypeptide (CSP) tuaj yeem ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Cathepsin-k (CTS-K), Matrix Mchalloprooteinase 9 (MMP9) thiab cuab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm ntawm NF-κb txoj hauv kev qis qis qis dua yog tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv. Ntau lub siab ntawm CSP tuaj yeem txo qis qib ntawm OP, inhibit colony soly stimulating OC, thiab txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm PMOP [52].
ICariin tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ntawm EndoPlasmic rediculum-pib hlwb, thiab open piv rau kev vam meej thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua tiav ntawm PMOP [53]. Garcinia capbogia ntsiav tshuaj tuaj yeem nce cov kab mob uas tsis muaj mob nas kom txwv tsis pub muaj cov nas PMATULDULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULULE ntawm OC [54].

2.1.3 Mapk thiab NF-κb txoj hauv kev: Mapk thiab NF-κb yog qhov tseem ceeb downstream signaling txoj kev ntawm cov qeb / qib / opg axis.

Thaum OC prec precursor hlwb tau raug rau M-CSF thiab nws cov tub rog ligand, qib rau ntawm cov cell membrane tau ua kom tiav, ua rau muaj kev sib tw ntawm txoj kev. Cov kab no ua ke txhawb nqa kev ntau lawm cov tshuaj oxygen hom (Ros). Cov teeb liab qhib ua haujlwm los txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm OC cim cov noob, xws li ua kom muaj NFATC1 thiab qhov kawg nkaus txhawb kev tsim thiab ua kom zoo dua ntawm OC. Hais txog cov tshuab sib txuam ntawm txoj kev no, tanshinone Kuv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntawm Nuck, thiab inhed kev nkag mus rau hauv daim ntawv qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm NucleLl, thiab inhy incompecting thiab ua haujlwm ntawm OC [55].

Puerarin inhibits kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm TRAF6 / Ros-basent Mapk thiab NFκb signing txoj kev qhia tawm ntawm NFATCIT OC sib txawv thiab Alleviate PMOP cov tsos mob [56]. Hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqis tes ua ntawm Despl-Indive BMMS, Astragalus Mem, calcium muaj feem xyuam rau CAG

 

Daim duab. 1 Tus Mechanism ntawm tsoos tshuaj suav tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev tswj PMOP

 

 

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, Rankl yog feem ntau qhia los ntawm cov hlab ntoo thiab ob qho. Nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev mob, t hlwb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qeb duas. Cd 4+ T cell tuaj yeem ua hauj lwm oc ntau lawm los ntawm cov khoom zais xws li Degl thiab off. Tsiaj sim ua tau pom tias cd 4+ t corpen ningxin decoction tau qhia nce qib MRA, nce OPG / Rankl piv [58].
Hauv kev kho mob luv luv, TCM yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm OC thiab kev txhawb nqa OC.

2.2 TCM cuam tshuam PMOP los ntawm plab hnyuv muaj

Tib neeg txoj hnyuv (GM) muaj ntau haiv neeg (GM) yog muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab loj hauv tus naj npawb, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg cov metabolism [{{}]. Thaum estrogen tsis lees paub, ntau cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob nrog lub peev xwm los ua rau Mucin nce ntxiv, thiab Mucin txo qis.
Thaum tus lej ntawm cov kab mob hnyuv loj nce ntxiv, nws cov qauv kev ua kom muaj zog, thiab cov khoom siv nkag mus rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem submucosal, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo kev tawm tsam [{61-62]. Cov xwm txheej ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ua kom tiav qib thiab M-CSF thiab txo cov opp, yog li txhawb nqa OC prodifereration [63]. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, GM tuaj yeem cuam tshuam CD 4+ t ntawm cell kev pab ntawm kev pab ntawm kev pab txhawb nqa tus pab ntawm kev pab txhawb nqa (th17) [64]. TH17 hlwb sib txawv los ntawm cd {{torks thiab}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} κb / akt txoj hauv kev, yog li cov pob txha p13k / akt Resorption [{65-66]. Saib Daim Duab 2.

Daim duab. 2 Qhov nyhuv ntawm plab microbiota nyob pmop

 

2.3 Hlau Thiab Pmop

Hlau, raws li lub ntsiab tseem ceeb, ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov metabolism hauv cov pob txha [72]. Hlau overload yog suav tias yog qhov pheej hmoo rau PMOP [73]. Hlau overload tuaj yeem downregulate cov qib ntawm runx2, alp, thiab opp, thiab opp [74], inhibiting ob txoj haujlwm. Cov hlau dawb tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj lom zem los tsim cov Ros, ua yeeb yam ua tus neeg nrog kho kom haum xeeb nyob rau hauv Rankl-induced signing txoj kev. Ocs muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv Mitochondria. Oc precursors nce ntau lawm ntawm Ros hauv Mitochondria thiab ntxias cov protein los ntawm cov hlau los ntawm ferrroportin 1 (FPN1).
Kev teb nce tsev nyob rau cov protein yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov paib hluav taws xob ntawm cov teeb liab calcium, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb txoj hauv kev loj. Hlau Cuav kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm sib txawv, raws li cov enzymide}), txhawb nqa paroxidase (GPX4), thiab lwm yam. Ros thiab tiv thaiv pob txha hlwb los ntawm oxidative kev puas tsuaj rau [{{{}}].

ICariin, raws li ib tug nquag muaj cov khoom xyaw rau hauv epimedium, tuaj yeem thim rov qab ntawm GPX4, txo cov oxidating hlau overloads thiab txhawb kev sib txawv ntawm kev sib txawv [osteogenic sib txawv [epteogenic sib txawv [epe}}]. Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm Suav Ferbal Felbal, sasbit NF-κBiting NF-κb activ activide, yog li kev ua kom muaj protein thiab ntau ntxiv rau cov nyhuv ntawm pmop. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ligthustrum lucidum tau inhibit hlau overloader hauv ovariectomized txoj kev, yog li unceviating pmw [{}]. Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm lub ligrustrum lucidum tseem tuaj yeem qhib lub BMP kev piav qhia txog cov}, PSMAD1 / 5, thiab SMAD4, thiab txhawb Osteogenic sib txawv [80]. Yog li ntawd, ligflum lucidum kuj muaj cov haujlwm siv hlau ntawm downregulating hlau overload thiab txhawb kev sib txawv.

 

2.4 Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub raum thiab pob txha nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj suav ib txwm muaj thiab nws cuam tshuam rau pmop

Raws li cov tshuaj suav kev ua haujlwm, lub raum essence tuaj yeem txhawb tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob, kev txhim kho thiab BMSCS muaj qib siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm [81].
Tus daj huab tais lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj sab hauv cov pob txha "," hlwb pob txha "," pob txha ua pob txha "," pob txha ua pob txha "," pob txha ua pob txha "," pob txha yog lub hlwb " Cov tshuaj niaj hnub tau pom tias lub hlwb hippocampus, cov leeg hlwb thiab pob txha metabolism tau cuam tshuam nrog [{2}]. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov Suwen tseem qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm poj niam lub raum thiab Tiangui. Tiangui los ntawm raum essence. Thaum lub raum Qi muaj zog, Tiangui tuaj txog, thiab chim yog puv thiab hliv rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, ua rau khaub ncaws [84]. Thaum Tiangui yog sab sab, lub tsev menyuam yog tsis muaj kev coj noj coj ua, cov poj niam nres, thiab cov poj niam nkag rau lawm. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub hu no qhov kev poob qis hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm hypothalamus-zes qe tuag, uas dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm PMOP [85].
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau ua ntau yam kev tshawb nrhiav ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob ntawm PMOP raws li cov saum toj no ob. Piv txwv li, Shang Qi li al. [{86] siv vaub kib extract los cuam tshuam rau cov poj niam ib txwm muaj cov nas hypothalamic hippocampal mice, thiab cov neeg siab phem hyploalamic hippocampal neurons rau kev coj noj coj ua ntawm tes. Lawv pom tias cov vaub kib tau txhawb nqa hippocampal Neuron proliferation thiab nce cov lus qhia ntawm hippocampal Neuron marer estin protein, thaum txhim kho bmd ntawm nas. Ib yam li ntawd, wu zixian li al. [87] Siv vaub kib extract los cuam tshuam hauv kev sim cov nqaij thiab pom tias tortoise Plhaub muaj peev xwm txo tus bmd ntawm pab pawg kev cuam tshuam. Cas shuzhen li al. [88] siv 25- podophyllum tshuaj thiab pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab gonadorots-stimulating feedocrum muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov hypothalamus thiab pituitary. Zhang Yan li al. [89] Siv lub raum-upishing thiab phlegm-cov qauv qhia ntawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab pooj-permewsides thiab neuropeptide y recotors, yog li kev txhim kho PMOP.

 

3 Ntsiab Lus 3

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, nrog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb yooj yim ntawm kev kho mob suav, xws li qinge tshuaj, epimedium thiab acupuncture thiab acupuncture thiab acupuncture. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj suav ib txwm muaj peev xwm ua rau kev kho mob PMOP, thiab muaj cov pob txha txhawb thiab tiv thaiv cov pob txha ua kom pom zoo thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev sib tham ntxiv.

 

Ntawv Sawv cev

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