Pioneer Ntawm L-dopa Kev Kho Mob Rau PD—Arvid Carlsson, Hornykiewicz, William; MAO-B Inhibitor Master Leej Twg Tau Tawm Ntawm Nazi Concentration Camp-Joseph Knoll

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Tau ntau tshaj li tsib caug xyoo, levodopa (L-DOPA) yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mobParkinson tus kab mobkab mob(PD). Txawm hais tias nws tsis txhim kho tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawmParkinson tus kab mobKab mob, thiab yuav luag tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm lub cev muaj zog, cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis zoo no muaj cov lus dab neeg tshwj xeeb, embodies lub siab tawv thiab ntse ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab paub tsis meej.

Nyem rau Cistanche thiab procyanidin rau Parkinson tus kab mob

Xyoo 1913, kws tshuaj Marcus Guggenheim cais thiab txheeb xyuas cov khoom (tshuaj hu ua D, L-3, 4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine) los ntawm faba taum, uas tau siv rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog ntshav siab lossis dopamine metabolic pathways .

Arvid Carlsson: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Xyoo 1958, Swedish tus kws tshawb fawb Arvid Carlsson tau tshawb pom tias dopamine tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha-hlwb thiab muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ganglia ntawm lub hlwb, thaum levodopa (L-DOPA, D, L-3, {{4. }}dihydroxy-L -L-isomer ntawm phenylalanine) tuaj yeem thim rov qab reserpine-induced depletion ntawm intracerebral dopamine thiab txhim kho lub cev muaj zog hauv cov tsiaj sim. Txij thaum ntawd los, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm dopamine ua ib qho tseem ceeb transmitter nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb tau pom, thiab nws kuj tau los ua ib tug prelude rau kev kho mob ntawm Parkinson tus kab mob nrog L-DOPA. Arvid Carlsson kuj tau tshawb pom txoj hauv kev sib txuas ua haujlwm ntawm substantia nigra thiab striatum, thiab tau txais 2000 Nobel nqi zog hauv Physiology thiab Tshuaj rau nws txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb signaling.

Cistanchemuaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mobParkinson tus kab mob (PD)

Oleh Hornykiewicz, tus neeg Austrianneuropathologist, ua haujlwm nyob ntawd tom qab kawm tiav University of Vienna, Austria. Tus tub muaj hnub nyoog 30- xyoo tuaj kawm hauv lub npe nrov Hermann Blaschko Laboratory hauv Oxford, England nrog cov nyiaj kawm ntawv. Xib fwb Blaschko tau xav txog qhov teeb meem ntawm dopamine, xav tias nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho precursor ntawm norepinephrine tab sis kuj muaj nws tus kheej ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, xib fwb Blaschko hu tus hluas Oleh Hornykiewicz rau nws thiab muab nws txoj hauj lwm ntawm kev kawm dopamine. Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb, Oleh Hornykiewicz pom tias dopamine muaj cov nyhuv txawv dua li norepinephrine - txo cov ntshav siab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm ntau yam tsiaj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm dopamine yog qhov pib zoo ib yam li norepinephrine. Tag nrho cov kev qhia paub tseeb hais tias xibfwb Blaschko qhov kev xav tias dopamine yog ib qho neurotransmitter nrog cov teebmeem lom.

Oleh Hornykiewicz

Tom qab ntau tshaj li ib xyoos ntawm kev kawm, Oleh Hornykiewicz rov qab mus rau nws lub chaw kuaj mob hauv University of Vienna mus txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev tshawb fawb txog dopamine hauv hlwb. Tom qab ntawd, cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias reserpine tuaj yeem ua rau dopamine hauv lub hlwb, thiab tib lub sijhawm, cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm reserpine ua rau Parkinson tshwm sim tuaj yeem pom hauv kev kho mob. Lub sijhawm no, kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb heev tau luam tawm hauv Science. Swedish neuroscientist Arvid Carlsson pom tias levodopa (ib tug precursor uas yuav metabolized rau hauv dopamine nyob rau hauv lub cev) tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov ntshav-hlwb barrier thiab tuaj yeem thim rov qab cov ntshav Cov nyhuv ntawm dopamine depletion hauv lub hlwb tshwm sim los ntawm flattening txhim kho lub cev muaj zog ntawm kev sim. tsiaj txhu. Los ntawm nws, Oleh Hornykiewicz tau pom sai sai tias qhov txo qis hauv dopamine hauv lub hlwb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob Parkinson. Los ntawm kev kawm txog 6 tus neeg mob Parkinson tus kab mob, 2 mob ntawm Huntington's disease, thiab 17 cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb ib txwm, Oleh Hornykiewicz yog thawj zaug qhia tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm dopamine nyob rau hauv caudate nucleus thiab putamen ntawm basal ganglia ntawm lub hlwb ntawm cov neeg mob. Tus kab mob Parkinson tau txo qis, thaum tus kab mob Huntington tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv hauv tib neeg lub hlwb.

Raws li lub tswv yim ntawm "dab tsi ploj, dab tsi ploj", Oleh Hornykiewicz sim kho Parkinson cov neeg mob los ntawm kev ntxiv dopamine. Tom qab muab 20 tus neeg mob Parkinson tus kab mob tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha levodopa, cov neeg mob cov tsos mob tau zoo heev.

Kev lag luam tiag tiag ntawm levodopa yog vim yog American chemist William Knowles. William Knowles tau tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsim tawm yuav luag 100 feem pua ​​​​ntshiab levodopa thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrogenation, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim levodopa ntawm kev lag luam. Xyoo 1970, levodopa tsim los ntawm Roche tau pom zoo rau kev lag luam hauv Tebchaws Meskas, uas tau qhib lub prelude rau tus qauv kub ntawm kev kho mob ntawm Parkinson tus kab mob rau ntau xyoo.

L-DOPA thaum kawg tau tsim ua lag luam nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev nce qib ntawm kev siv tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Xyoo 1970, L-DOPA tsim los ntawm Roche tau pom zoo los ntawm FDA, thiab L-DOPA tau dhau los ua tus qauv kub rautiv thaiv-Parkinson tus kab mobKab mobkev kho mob rau 50 xyoo tom ntej.

William Knowles

Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm levodopa tau yug los rau ob tug Nobel nqi zog. Hauv kev lees paub ntawm lawv cov kev koom tes zoo, Arvid Carlsson tau txais 2000 Nobel nqi zog hauv Physiology thiab Tshuaj, thiab William Knowles tau txais 2001 Nobel nqi zog hauv Chemistry.

Cistanchemuaj cov teebmeem ntawm boosts lub secretion ntawm dopamine los khoParkinson tus kab mob (Parkinson's Disease)

Lus Cim: Cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj ntsuab cistanche (tseem hu ua "daj tshuaj ntsuab" thiab "tso suab puam ginseng"), loj hlob tsuas yog hauv cov suab puam qhuav thiab sov. Raws li ib qho ntawm cuaj cov tshuaj tsis txawj tuag, Cistanche (cistanche tubulosa / cistanche deserticola / desertliving cistanche / cistanche salsa) cov ntsiab lus nrog cov khoom xyaw nplua nuj xws li echinacoside, acteoside, tag nrho phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, polysaccharides, thiab lwm yam. nourishing tshuaj ntsuab thiab khoom noj khoom haus rau tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab hlwb hlwb thiab neurons, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshuaj niaj hnub no tau lees paub cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cistanche (cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cistanche): txhim kho kev tiv thaiv; txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev thiab lub raum ua haujlwm; tiv thaiv qaug zog; anti-aging; txhim kho kev nco; anti-Parkinson tus kab mob; anti-Alzheimer tus kab mob; antioxidation; yooj yim- cem quav; anti-inflammatory; txhawb cov pob txha loj hlob, ua kom tawv nqaij dawb; tiv thaiv daim siab; lwm.