Ntu Ⅰ Kev Txhim Kho Ntawm Europium Nanoparticles Lateral Flow Immunoassay Rau NGAL Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Cov Tso Dej Thiab Kev Ntsuas Ntawm Mob Raum Raum

Abstract

1. Keeb kwm

AKI muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo thiab kev tuag ntawm tus mob Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) cov neeg mob, yog li kev kuaj mob ntxov thiab kev cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws biomarkers rau kev kuaj pom ntawm lub raum raug mob (AKI), tab sis tam sim no txoj kev tshawb pom tsis txaus, yog li xav tau ntau txoj hauv kev sai, yooj yim, thiab raug kuaj xyuas NGAL rau kev kuaj mob ntxov. ntawm AKI. Ntawm no, peb tau tsim kom muaj kev ceev, txhim khu kev qha, thiab muaj tseeb lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) raws li europium nanoparticles (EU-NPS) rau kev kuaj pom NGAL hauv tib neeg cov zis.

2. Cov txheej txheem

Kev ntsuam xyuas ob npaug-antibody sandwich immunofluorescent assay siv europium doped nanoparticles tau ua haujlwm thiab NGAL monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) conjugate raws li cov ntawv sau tau tsim los ntawm optimizing hluav taws xob fusion tsis. Yim caum-peb cov zis kuaj tau siv los ntsuas qhov kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntawm txoj kev no.

3. Cov txiaj ntsig

Qhov kev kuaj pom ntau ntawm NGAL hauv AKI yog {{0}} ng/mL, thiab qhov kev kuaj pom tau yog 0.36 ng/mL. Tus coefficient ntawm variation (CV) ntawm intra-assay thiab inter-assay yog 2.57-4.98 feem pua ​​thiab 4.11-7.83 feem pua, feem. Lub caij no, qhov sib txheeb coefficient ntawm europium nanoparticles-based lateral fluorescence immunoassays (EU-NPS-LFIA) thiab ARCHITECT analyzer yog qhov tseem ceeb (R{14}}.9829, n=83, p < 0.01).

4. Cov lus xaus

Yog li, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas sai thiab yooj yim dua ntawm NGAL rau AKI tau tsim, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kuaj mob AKI thaum ntxov, qhia tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem muab kev ceeb toom ntxov ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob.

Ntsiab lus

neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), monoclonal antibody, lateral flow immunoassay, mob raum raug mob (AKI),Cistanche cov teebmeem.

Nyem qhov no kom paubCov txiaj ntsig ntawm Cistanche yog dab tsi

Taw qhia

Kab mob Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb nrog kev puas tsuaj loj [1]. Mob raum raug mob (AKI) muaj tus nqi siab dua ntawm kev mob thiab kev tuag ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim rau cov mob hnyav thiab suav txog 5-7 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob hauv tsev kho mob hauv ntiaj teb[2].- Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau soj ntsuam kev txhim kho ntawm AKI ntau dua Muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo thiab cov neeg tuag ntawm COVID-19, piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm AKI uas muaj ntau ntawm 0.5 txog 36.6 feem pua ​​​​hauv COVID-19 cov neeg mob[3]. Kev tshawb pom ntxov thiab kev kho mob meej ntawm AKI tuaj yeem siv cov tswv yim tiv thaiv zoo dua thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum tsis zoo thiab lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm COVID-19 cov neeg mob hauv tsev kho mob[4]. Ntawm lawv, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) tau raug lees paub tias yog ib qho kev cog lus biomarkers rau kev kuaj pom ntawm AKI. NGAL yog 25 kDa glycoprotein txuam nrog gelatinase los ntawm neutrophil thiab feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv qis qis hauv tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg xws li lub plab, plab, thiab raum, tab sis nws cov lus qhia tau nce ntau hauv cov ntshav thiab zis thaum lub raum nrog ischemic lossis nephrotoxic raug mob. [5].

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) tau raug suav hais tias yog qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas xav tau los ntawm lawv qhov kev yooj yim, kev tshuaj xyuas hauv qhov chaw, thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim [6]. Lub LFIA nrog cov fluorescent microparticles twb tau siv rau kev tshawb pom ntawm ntau yam kab mob microbial thiab ntau yam kab mob o[7, 8]. Feem ntau cov nanoparticles tshiab tau siv los txhim kho qhov rhiab heev ntawm LFIA, suav nrog carbon nanoparticles, quantum dots, fluorescent dyes, magnetic nano labels, thiab europium nanoparticles (EU-NPS) [9]. EU-NPS raws li cov neeg nqa khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho 100-fold rhiab heev sib piv nrog colloidal kub nanoparticles sau rau hauv LFIA[10]. EU-NPS yog lub neej ntev fluorescence thiab tseem muaj nrog qhov nruab nrab qhov loj me ntawm 75-100 nm ntau yam, qhov loj Stokes hloov uas feem ntau tshaj 200 nm yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb tawg los ntawm kev ntsuas lub teeb pom kev zoo. EU-NPS muaj cov pab pawg dav dav yog li nws muaj txiaj ntsig los ua kom lub zog excitation, lub siab tshaj plaws emission ncov, tsis tshua muaj keeb kwm yav dhau, thiab kev daws teeb meem siab, siv rau hauv Sandwich-type immunoassays ntawm kev kuaj mob tsis ntev los no[11].

Ntawm no, peb tau tsim ib txoj kev tshiab nrog EU-NPS raws li cov ntawv lo ntawm LFIA rau kev ntsuas ceev, rhiab, thiab ntxov ntawm NGAL hauv cov zis raws li ob lub monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 1G1 thiab 2F4 uas tau tshawb pom los ntawm peb lub chaw kuaj mob. Txoj kev yog ob-antibody sandwich immunofluorescent assay siv EU-NPS thiab MAbs conjugate li cov ntawv. Lub mAb 1G1 tau txuas nrog EU-NPS thiab mAb 2F4 tau siv los ntes EU-NPS-1G1-antigen complex hauv T-line. Peb cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias EU-NPS-LFIA tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshawb pom NGAL thaum ntxov hauv cov zis thiab tso cai txhim kho kev kho mob ntawm AKI cov neeg mob.

Cistanche tubulosa

Cov txheej txheem

1. Kev nthuav qhia thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm NGAL

Tib neeg NGAL gene sequence los ntawm Genbank (NP{{0}}}.2) tau tsim los ntawm Beijing Institute of Genomics (BGI) thiab ntxiv txwv enzymes HindIII thiab XhoI ntawm ob qho kawg. Cov plasmids tau zom nrog HindIII thiab XhoI thiab tom qab ntawd cloned rau hauv pSecTag2A vector. Lub tsev plasmids tau ua tiav kom paub meej tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau Suav Hamster Ovary (CHO) hlwb los ntawm LipofectamineTM2000. Tom qab 8 hnub, lub cell supernatant tau sau tom qab lim 0.45 μm lim. Cov lus qhia NGAL-6 × Nws cov protein tau ua kom huv nrog Nickel Nitrilotriacetic Acid (Ni-NTA) kab, thiab cov feem sib txawv tau sau thiab ntsuas los ntawm sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Cov khoom siv bicinchoninic acid (BCA) Protein Quantification Kit ntsuas qhov concentration ntawm cov protein.

Cov purified recombinant protein tau raug rau 12 feem pua ​​SDS-PAGE, ces adsorbed mus rau polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. Tom qab cov membrane raug thaiv hauv tris tsis nrog 1 feem pua ​​​​Tween -20 (TBST) tov uas muaj 5 feem pua ​​​​skimmed mis nyuj nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub (RT) rau 2 h, incubated nrog HRP-conjugated anti-6 × Nws tag antibody (1:5000) nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj rau 1 teev ntawm RT, pom nrog Benzidine tom qab ntxuav nrog TBST thiab pom tau los ntawm Bio-Rad Western blotting detection system (DNR Bio-Imaging Systems Ltd., Israel).

2. Tiam thiab purification ntawm MAbs

Hauv kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug, tus poj niam BALB/c nas (hnub nyoog 6 lub lis piam, tag nrho ntawm 10) tau txhaj tshuaj nrog 50 µg NGAL-6 × Nws cov protein ntau emulsified nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ua tiav Freund's adjuvant thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau ua tiav nrog cov protein emulsified hauv tsis tiav Freund's adjuvant. Ob qhov kev txhaj tshuaj hypodermic rau sab nraub qaum ntawm cov nas thiab tom qab txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneal ncua sijhawm 21 hnub. Cov qauv kuaj ntshav tau sau ib lub lis piam tom qab txhaj tshuaj thib peb, thiab qhov titer ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau txiav txim siab nrog qhov tsis ncaj enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [12]. Peb hnub ua ntej fusion, nas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nrog 50 µg ntawm NGAL-6 × Nws diluted nrog 0.9 feem pua ​​NaCl.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis muaj kab mob spleen hlwb thiab SP2/0 myeloma hlwb sib xyaw ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 3: 1 rau fuse hauv platinum electrode LF498-3 fusion chamber (BEX Co., Ltd, Nyiv) raws li tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv [13]. Luv luv, cov cell sib xyaw tau ntxuav ob zaug nrog 10 mL electrofusion tsis (0.3 M mannitol, 0.1 mM CaCl2, 0.1 mM MgCl2, pH 7.2), thiab rov tshem tawm ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 2 × 107 cell / mL. Lub fusion tau ua tiav siv qhov hloov pauv tam sim no ntawm 5 0 V ntawm 0.8 MHz rau 20 s, qhov ncaj qha tam sim no mem tes voltage ntawm 450 V ntawm 2 repetitions rau 0.5 s, thiab tom qab fusion yog 50 V ntawm 0.8 MHz rau 7 s ib. Thaum kawg, lub tshuab hluav taws xob kho hluav taws xob raug tshem tawm ntawm lub fusion chamber mus rau hauv 4.5 mL ntawm preheated RPMI 1640 (20 feem pua ​​​​ntawm fetal bovine serum) rau 30 min ntawm 37 degree , ces coj mus rau hauv 96- zoo daim hlau thiab incubated nrog 5 feem pua. CO2 ntawm 37 degree. Tom qab 24 teev, hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine (HAT) tau ntxiv rau txhua qhov dej. Cell kab lis kev cai supernatants tau tshuaj xyuas los ntawm ELISA tom qab 9 hnub ntawm fusion, thiab suav cov hybridoma clones yog. Cov nas BALB/c uas tau txhaj cov roj paraffin ua ntej tau inoculated nrog 1 × 106 ntawm NGAL hybridoma hlwb, cov ascites tau purified los ntawm Protein A kem.

3. Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm MAbs

Cov immunoglobulin subclasses ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau raug tshuaj xyuas siv cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob subclass. Qhov tsis ncaj ELISA tau tshuaj xyuas cov MAbs tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev siv NGAL recombinant purified {{0}} × Nws cov protein thiab PCT- 6 × Nws cov protein. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txiav txim siab nrog BIAcore T200 system (GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden) hauv HBS-EP tsis muaj (0.005 feem pua ​​surfactant P20, 10 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 3 mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCl). Lub NGAL antigen tau adsorbed ntawm CM5 biosensor chips mus txog 400-480 cov lus teb (RU) los ntawm cov khoom siv amine coupling. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (2F4 thiab 1G1) tau diluted nyob rau hauv HBS-EP tsis yog maj mam hla lub nti nrog 50 µL / min rau 5 min, raws li, thiab tom qab ntawd HBS-EP tsis nyob rau hauv lub nti los saib xyuas cov theem dissociation rau 4 min. . Cov chips sensor tau rov tsim dua tshiab nrog Glycine tov (pH 3.0) tom qab lub dissociation theem. Rau txhua qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam dhau ntawm cov nti, cov lus teb tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov kab ke antigen ntws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov lus teb tsis tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev tswj cov dej ntws. Cov kev sib txuas sib txuas sib txuas tau raug npaj raws li qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas rau cov lus teb sib npaug los txiav txim siab KD.

Purified anti-NGAL MAbs tau soj ntsuam hauv 12 feem pua ​​SDS-PAGE nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis txo qis thiab txo cov xwm txheej. Luv luv, cov qauv tau muab sib xyaw nrog 5 x tsis txo qis lossis 5 x protein loading tsis thiab thauj mus rau 12 feem pua ​​SDS-PAGE. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm anti-NGAL MAbs tau txiav txim siab los ntawm Western Blot. NGAL cov proteins tau ua tiav rau 12 feem pua ​​​​SDS-PAGE, tom qab ntawd adsorbed mus rau PVDF daim nyias nyias uas tau qhib los ntawm soaking hauv methanol rau 15 s, thiab tom qab ntawd raug rau electrophoresis tej yam kev mob ntawm 100 V rau 2 h. Tom qab thaiv hauv Tris-HCl tsis nrog 1 feem pua ​​​​Tween -20 tshuaj (TBST) uas muaj 5 feem pua ​​​​skimmed mis nyuj ntawm RT rau 2 h, daim nyias nyias tau incubated nrog nas anti-NGAL MAbs ua thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 4 degree . Hnub tom qab, daim nyias nyias tau ntxuav nrog TBST thiab incubated nrog anti-nas conjugated HRP IgG nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj rau 1.5 teev ntawm RT. Thaum kawg, daim nyias nyias tau pom los ntawm Western blot nrhiav kom tau qhov kev txhim kho chemiluminescence (ECL).

4. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)

Ob lub MAbs raug sim rau lub peev xwm los paub txog cov cim epitopes ntawm NGAL los ntawm cELISA. MAb tau txuas nrog HRP los ntawm kev siv HRP Antibody Labeling Kit (Shanghai YSRIBIO industrial co., LTD), kev ua haujlwm siab uas tau sim los ntawm ELISA ncaj qha. {{0}}Zoo Microtitre daim hlau tau coated nrog 2 µg / mL ntawm NGAL antigen thaum hmo ntuj ntawm 4 degree, ces unlabeled MAb (0.2 µg / zoo, 2 µg / zoo) tau sib tw ua ke nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws dilution piv ntawm HRP sau MAb thiab incubated rau 1 h ntawm 37 degree. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic tshwm sim nrog hydrogen peroxide los ntawm substrate 3,3',5,5'- Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) thiab nres los ntawm 2 M sulfuric acid rau txhua qhov dej. Lub absorbance (OD450 nm) tau txiav txim siab los ntawm Bio-Rad microplate nyeem ntawv (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc). Kev thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm MAbs tau suav los ntawm kev siv cov kab zauv hauv qab no: 100 × [1-OD_{450nm ua}of (HRP-MAb plus MAb)/OD450 nm of HRP-MAb]. Ob lub MAbs tau lees paub qhov sib txawv ntawm cov epitopes yog tias thaiv cov teebmeem tau pom ntau dua 40 feem pua.

Cistanche extract

5. Conjugation ntawm EU-NPS

Cov Anti-NGAL monoclonal antibodies 1G1 thiab 2F4 tau sib xyaw ua ke rau EU-NPS nrog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm Bangs Laboratories. Luv luv, 100 µL EUNPS tau ntxiv rau 900 µL 0.05 MES (pH 7.{{ 32}}) thiab dispersed los ntawm ultrasound, vibrated rau 15 feeb ntawm RT nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm {{40}}.08 M N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (NHS) thiab 0.05 M 1-({19 }}Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). Lub tshuab ua haujlwm EUNPS tau ntxuav nrog kev sib txuas tsis sib txuas (0.05 mM H3BO3, 0.04 mM Na2B4O7, pH 7.5) thiab ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv 0.3 mg rau 2.5 teev ntawm RT. Europiumconjugated compound yog incubated nyob rau hauv 1000 µL blocking tsis (10 feem pua ​​BSA, 20 feem pua ​​​​tween-20, 0.05 M Tris-HCl) rau 1 h, ntxiv rau 1000 µL cov kev daws teeb meem (10 feem pua ​​BSA, 20 feem pua ​​​​trehalose, 2. feem pua ​​tween -20, 0.05 M Tris-HCl ) khaws cia ntawm 4 degree .

6. Kev txhim kho ntawm LFIA

Lub LFIA strips muaj ib tug nitrocellulose membrane, conjugate ncoo, qauv ncoo, thiab absorbing ncoo. Cov iav fiber ntau tau tsau rau hauv qhov thaiv qhov thaiv (20 feem pua ​​trehalose, 10 feem pua ​​BSA, 20 feem pua ​​tween-20, 0.05 M Tris, 3.2 mM EDTA.Na2, pH 8.6) rau 1.5 h. Cov concentration ntawm 1 mg / mL MAbs (2F4 los yog 1G1) tau coated ntawm cov kab xeem (TL) ntawm nitrocellulose membrane, thiab tshis anti-nas IgG 1 mg / mL tau coated rau tib NC daim nyias nyias ntawm qhov deb ntawm 4 hli mus rau tsim cov kab tswj kev ua tau zoo (CL), cov tshuaj tsuag ntim ntawm cov twj tso kua mis tau teeb tsa ntawm 1 µL / cm. Cov daim nyias nyias thiab cov iav fiber ntau tau qhuav rau 48 h ntawm 45 degree ua ntej kuaj. Qhov sib txawv EU-NPS-1G1 thiab EU-NPS-2F4 conjugate particles tau coated ntawm conjugate ncoo, thiab cov teeb liab fluorescence tau ntsuas los ntawm immunofluorescent analyzer (Guangzhou Labsim Biotech Co., Ltd).

7. Cov zis coj mus kuaj thiab cov neeg mob

Tag nrho ntawm 83 Tib neeg cov zis kuaj los ntawm cov neeg mob AKI tau sau los ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Affiliated ntawm Jilin Medical University. Cov txheej txheem kev coj ncaj ncees tau ua raws li qhov kev sim thiab tau muab los ntawm Lub Tsev Kho Mob Affiliated ntawm Jilin Medical University (No.2018-LW029). Txhua yam kev kawm tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm qhov ncauj thiab sau ntawv tso cai hauv Suav rau kev kawm txog cov qauv tso zis. Txhua qhov kev sim tau ua los ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm ntawm Helsinki Ethical Principles. Lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg mob 62 xyoo yog nyob ntawm 20 txog 80 xyoo uas tsis tau kis los ntawm COVID-19, thiab AKI theem 1–3 tau muab cais raws li Kev Kho Mob Raum Txhim Kho Ntiaj Teb Cov txiaj ntsig AKI cov qauv[14]. Cov zis kuaj tau raug sau rau NGAL kev tshuaj xyuas txog li 12 teev ua ntej AKI raug kuaj pom thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm nquag tom qab ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub sijhawm (12, 24, 48 h). Txhawm rau txo qhov muaj peev xwm tsis txaus ntseeg, cov zis kuaj tau raug tshuaj xyuas sai ntawm lub chaw soj ntsuam chemistry nrog rau cov zis biochemistry (tag nrho cov protein ntau <1 g / dL, urea < 12 g / dL, qabzib < 1 g / dL, Urine Creatinine < 1 g / dL. , albumin < 2.5 g / dL, pH 4.5-9.0) thiab ua tiav hauv qhov sib npaug. Hauv 30 min ntawm cov qauv sau, lawv tau centrifuged ntawm 3000 rpm ntawm 4 degree rau 15 min. Yam tsawg kawg ntawm 100 µL ntawm supernatant tau muab tso rau hauv cov thawv tsis muaj menyuam thiab khaws cia ntawm -80 degree rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv, kom tsis txhob rov ua kom khov-thaw mus ntxiv.

Kev ntsuas ntawm NGAL qib tau ua tiav siv ARCHITECT cov zis NGAL reagent Cov Khoom Siv (Lisnamuck, Longford, Co. Longford, Ireland) siv cov ntawv tsis sib tw, cov xuab zeb nrog chemiluminescent teeb pom kev zoo. Urinary NGAL tau lees paub los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antifungal uas tau txuas nrog rau cov khoom sib nqus hauv microparticle reagent, thiab qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov thib ob los tiv thaiv NGAL antibody cuam tshuam nrog acridinium. Ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia, qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas tau ua nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 0- 1500 ng / mL thiab qhov ntsuas ntawm NGAL tau ntsuas.

8. Kev soj ntsuam cov qauv kuaj thiab tshuaj xyuas

Cov serial concentrations ntawm NGAL cov qauv antigen (10, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1500, 2000, thiab 3000 ng / mL) tau npaj los ntawm kev siv FBS los ntxiv dag zog rau tej yam tshwm sim ntawm bioconjugate, txhua qhov concentration tau ua peb replicates. Tom qab cov kev kuaj mob tau muab ntxiv rau hauv cov qauv ntaub qhwv, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm fluorescence siv ntawm T kab (HT) thiab C kab (HC) tau sau los ntawm tus nyeem ntawv. Kev kuaj xyuas kom muaj nuj nqis tau ua tiav los ntawm HT / HC piv rau kev tshem tawm cov strips (T thiab C) qhov sib txawv thiab lej qauv qauv matrix teebmeem[15]. Tus qauv nkhaus tau npaj tawm tsam txhua qhov concentration ntawm NGAL thiab HT / HC piv.

9. Kev txheeb cais

Kev soj ntsuam dhau los-Bablok regression thiab BlandAltman cov phiaj xwm tau ua los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv (ANOVA) ntawm MedCalc thiab SPSS 17.0 software. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau qhia raws li qhov tseem ceeb nrog tus qauv sib txawv (txhais tau tias ± SD ).

Cistanche ntsiav tshuaj

Cov ntaub ntawv

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Moli Yin1, Yuanwang Nie2, Hao Liu2, Lei Liu1, Lu Tang1, Yuan Dong2, Chuanmin Hu1 thiab Huiyan Wang1

1 Jilin Collaborative Innovation Center for Antibody Engineering, Jilin Medical University, 132013 Jilin, PR Tuam Tshoj.

2 Academy of Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, 132013 Jilin, PR Tuam Tshoj.