Ntu 2: Cistanoside Ntawm Cistanche Herba Ameliorates Hypoxia-induced Txiv neej Reproductive Damage Via Suppression Of Oxidative Stress

Hu rau:joanna.jia@wecistanche.com/ WhatsApp: 008618081934791

Fengqi Yan1*, Xiaoliang Dou1*, Guangfeng Zhu1*, Mingyuan Xia1, Yahui Liu3, Xiaozi Liu3, Guojun Wu, HeWang1, Bo Zhang1, Qiuju Shao4, Yong Wang1

NYEEM NO PART 1

Cov txiaj ntsig

Cov teebmeem ntawm hypoxia ntawm GC-1 hlwb

Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hypoxia ntawm cov kab mob, peb thawj zaug tshuaj xyuas cov kev hloov hauv cell viability tom qab kev kho mob hypoxia nrog cov pa sib txawv (20 feem pua, 15 feem pua, 10 feem pua, 5 feem pua) rau 1,3, 5, thiab 7 hnub, feem. CCK-8 assayresults tau pom tias, piv nrog pawg tswj hwm (20 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov pa oxygen), cov hlwb raug rau hypoxia pom muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev muaj peev xwm (P < 0.01;="" daim="" duab="" 1a).="" ntxiv="" mus,="" lawv="" cov="" ciaj="" sia="" taus="" tus="" nqi="" yog="" inversely="" proportional="" rau="" theoxygen="" concentration="" thiab="" ntxiv="" txo="" nrog="" lub="" sij="" hawm="" induction.="" txhawm="" rau="" kom="" tsis="" txhob="" muaj="" kev="" cuam="" tshuam="" cytotoxic="" ntau="" dhau,="" 10="" feem="" pua="" ​​​​ntawm="" cov="" pa="" oxygen="" concentration="" thiab="" 3-hnub="" induction="" lub="" sij="" hawm="" raug="" xaiv="" raws="" li="" cov="" qauv="" hypoxic="" rau="" cov="" kev="" sim="" tom="" ntej="" hauv="">

Tom qab ntawd, FCM thiab immunofluorescence staining tau ua los ntsuas ntxiv qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm GC-1 cov hlwb hauv kev kho mob hypoxia. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias hypoxia tuaj yeem ua rau GC-1 cell ntes hauv G1phase, yog li txo cov cell nkag mus rau hauv S theem thiab inhibiting DNA replication. Yog li, hypoxia txo qis qhov kev loj hlob index ntawmGC{{0}} cell (P < 0.01;="" daim="" duab="" 1b).="" positive="" ki-67staining="" yog="" lwm="" qhov="" tshwj="" xeeb="" biomarker="" ntawm="" cov="" cell="" proliferating.="" yog="" li="" ntawd,="" peb="" kuj="" tau="" tshuaj="" xyuas="" qhov="" ntsuas="" ntawm="" ki-67-="" cov="" hlwb="" zoo="" nrog="" lossis="" tsis="" muaj="" kev="" kho="" mob="" hypoxia.="" piv="" nrog="" rau="" pawg="" tswj="" hwm,="" kev="" kho="" hypoxia="" tau="" txo="" qis="" ki-67-="" cov="" hlwb="" zoo,="" raws="" li="" pom="" hauv="" daim="" duab="">

Tom ntej no, peb tsom mus soj ntsuam hom GC{{0}} cell viability inhibition induced los ntawm hypoxia. Raws li qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, theem ntawm ROSincreased li nas tau raug mus rau ib tug hypobaric hypoxic ib puag ncig [8, 20]. Li no, endogenous ROS theem hauv GC-1 hlwb raug ntsuas los ntawm kev ntsuas FCM. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom cov qib ROS siab dua hauv qab hypoxia hauv kev sib piv rau cov pa oxygen ib txwm (P <0.01; figure1d).="" accumulated="" ros="" ua="" rau="" cim="" dnaipairment,="" uas="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" lem="" ua="" rau="" cell="" apoptosis="" txoj="" kev="" ua="" kom="" thiab="" tej="" zaum="" yuav="" yog="" ib="" qho="" tseem="" ceeb="" etiological="" yam="" rau="" qhov="" ua="" rau="" muaj="" kev="" pheej="" hmoo="" ntawm="" txiv="" neej="" infertility="" [21,="" 22].="" tom="" ntej="" no,="" peb="" tau="" kuaj="" pom="" cov="" nyhuv="" apoptotic="" activation="" ntawm="" hypoxia="" ntawm="" gc-1="" hlwb="" los="" ntawm="" tunel="" staining.="" raws="" li="" pom="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" daim="" duab="" 1e,="" kev="" kho="" mob="" hypoxia="" ua="" rau="" muaj="" kev="" nce="" hauv="" tunel="" fluorescence="" piv="" nrog="" rau="" pawg="" tswj="" hwm,="" qhia="" tias="" muaj="" kev="" nce="" hauv="" apoptosis="" hauv="" pawg="">

kho ntshav qab zib nrog cistanche ntxiv

Txij li thaum ROS-induced cell puas feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm OS, peb tau sim ntxiv OS ntawm GC-1cells. Raws li tau nthuav tawm hauv daim duab 1F, LPO qib ntawm GC-1 hlwb hauv pawg qauv tau nce ntau ntxiv piv rau qib LPO ntawm GC-1cells hauv pawg tswj hwm. Cov kev tshawb pom no qhia tias hypoxia-induced GC-1 cell raug mob tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau OS, uas yog induced los ntawm ROSaccumulation.

Cov teebmeem ntawm Cis ntawm hypoxia-induced GC-1 cell viability in vitro.

Tshawb xyuas sebCistuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hypoxia ntawm GC{{0}} cell viability, CCK-8 kev soj ntsuam tau ua. GC-1 cells raug kho nrog ntau hom subtypes (Cis-A, B, C, H) thiab ntau qhov concentration (0.02 μM, 0.2μM, 2 μM ) ntawm Cis rau 72 h. Kev sib piv ntawm pawg qauv nrog pawg DMSO pom tias DMSO tsis ncaj qha txhawb GC{{10}} cell viability (Daim duab 2A). Txawm li cas los xij, cell viabilities tau rov qab zoo heev (P < 0="" 05)="" nrog="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob.="" piv="" nrog="" rau="" pawg="" qauv,="" cis-a,="" cis-b,="" cis-c,="" thiab="" cis-h="" txhua="" tus="" tau="" pom="" qee="" yam="" kev="" tiv="" thaiv="" ntawm="" hypoxia-induced="" kev="" puas="" tsuaj="" raugc-1="" cell="" viability,="" thiab="" cis-b="" tau="" pom="" cov="" txiaj="" ntsig="" tseem="" ceeb="" tshaj="" plaws.="" (daim="" duab="" 2a).="" cov="" teebmeem="" tiv="" thaiv="" ntawm="" cis="" ntawm="" 0.2="" μm="" tau="" nce="" siab="" dua="" li="" cov="" kev="" tiv="" thaiv="" ntawm="" cis="" ntawm="" 0.02="" μm,="" thaum="" qhov="" sib="" txawv="" ntawm="" 2="" μm="" thiab="" 0.2="" μm="" tsis="" pom="" tseeb,="" qhia="" tias="" qhov="" rov="" qab="" los="" ntawm="" gc{="" {29}}="" cell="" viability="" induced="" by="" cis="" demonstrateda="" dose-dependent="" in="" the="" concentration="" range="" from="" 0.02-0.2="" μm="" (daim="" duab="" 2a).="" yog="" li="" ntawd,="" raws="" li="" qhov="" kev="" xav="" tau="" ntawm="" kev="" sim,="" 0.2μm="" cis="" raug="" xaiv="" los="" ua="" qhov="" kev="" pom="" zoo="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" cov="" kev="" sim="" hauv="" vitro="" hauv="" qab="" no.="" txhawm="" rau="" kom="" paub="" meej="" ntxiv="" seb="" cov="" kab="" mob="" puas="" muaj="" tseeb="" tiv="" thaiv="" los="" ntawm="" cis,="" fcm="" thiab="" ki-67="" staining="" tau="" ua="" tiav="" los="" ntsuas="" qhov="" kev="" hloov="" pauv="" ntawm="" kev="" loj="" hlob="" ntawm="" gc-1="" hlwb="" tom="" qab="" kev="" kho="" mob="" nrog="" cis.tom="" qab="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob,="" qhov="" feem="" ntawm="" gc="" -1cells="" nyob="" rau="" theem="" g1="" raug="" txo.="" hauv="" qhov="" sib="" piv,="" ntau="" lub="" hlwb="" nkag="" mus="" rau="" theem="" s,="" qhia="" tias="" kev="" kho="" mob="" cis="" tuaj="" yeem="" ua="" rau="" cov="" kab="" mob="" loj="" zuj="" zus="" ntxiv="" (p=""><0.01; daim="" duab="" 2b).="" cov="" txheeb="" cais="" rau="" gc-1="" lub="" voj="" voog="" ntawm="" tes="" tau="" qhia="" hauv="" daim="" duab="" 2bb.="" cov="" txiaj="" ntsig="" ntawm="" ki-67="" staining="" kuj="" pom="" tau="" tias="" cis-a,="" cis-b,="" cis-c,="" thiab="" cis-h="" kev="" kho="" tau="" zoo="" txhim="" kho="" ki-67-="" qhov="" zoo="" ntawm="" cell="" ratio="" ntawm="" hypoxia-induced="" gc-1="" cell="" hauv="" vitro="" (daim="" duab="">

Daim duab 2. Cis rov qab hypoxia-induced GC-1 cell viability.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm Cis tiv thaiv cov kab mob los ntawm hypoxia hauv vitro.

Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas seb qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm Cis ntawm GC-1 cov hlwb puas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm ntau dhau ntawm ROS, cov tshuaj fluorescent DCFH-DA tau siv los txheeb xyuas cov qib ROS hauv txhua pab pawg.Raws li pom hauv daim duab 3A, 3B, kho nrog DMSO tsis tau hloov qhov intracellular ROScontent lossis LPO qib piv nrog cov qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, ROS qib hauv GC-1 hlwb tau txo qis hauv cov pab pawg Cis kho (Daim duab 3A). Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txo qis hauv LPO kuj tau pom hauv GC-1 cov hlwb raug rauCis (Daim duab 3B).

Txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav ntxiv cov txheej txheem uas Cisprotects kab mob los ntawm kev raug mob hypoxic, TUNELstaining thiab Western blot tsom xam tau ua los ntsuas apoptosis. TUNEL staining (Daim duab 3C) tau pom qhov tseem ceeb apoptosis hauv cov qauv thiab DMSO pawg. Txawm li cas los xij, tsawg dua cov hlwb apoptotic tau pom nrog kev kho Cis, uas qhia tias Cis kev kho mob txo GC-1 cell apoptosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev qhia ntawm PARP, Caspase-3, Bax, thiab Bcl-2 raug ntsuas los ntsuas cov txheej txheem molecular. Raws li tau nthuav tawm hauv daim duab 3D, Caspase-3 thiab PARP tau qhib rau hauv GC-1 cov cell underhypoxia, thiab qhov kev ua kom no tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Cistreatment. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov piv ntawm Bax/Bcl-2 tau siab dua nyob rau hauv cov qauv pab pawg tshaj li hauv pawg tswj hwm, thiab Cis kev kho mob txo qhov piv ntawm Bax/Bcl-2 (Daim duab 3D). Cov ntaub ntawv no tau qhia tias Cis muaj peev xwm ua kom txo qis kev puas tsuaj rau hypoxia-induced oxidant, thiab qhov kev tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txoROS tsub zuj zuj thiab inhibiting Caspase-txog apoptosis txoj kev ua kom.

Lub tshuab enzymatic inhibiting OS suav nrog cov dawb radical scavengers xws li glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thiab superoxide dismutase (SOD) [23].Lub enzymatic mechanism inhibiting OS playsan lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv oxidative puas hauv hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg [23] ]. Txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv rau lub peev xwm ntawm Cis inhibition ofhypoxia-induced OS hauv GC-1 hlwb, cov haujlwm ntawm GR, GPx thiab SOD tau ntsuas. Cov txiaj ntsig tau tshaj tawm tias GR, GPx, thiab SOD cov dej num txhua qhov tseem ceeb (P < 0="" 01,="" daim="" duab="" 3e)="" txo="" qis="" hauv="" hypoxia="" thaum="" piv="" rau="" pawg="" tswj="" hwm,="" thiab="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob="" tau="" rov="" qab="" zoo="" dua="" lawv="" cov="" dej="" num="" hauv="" gc.="" -1="" cov="" hlwb="" raug="" hypoxia="" (p="">< 0.05,="" daim="" duab="" 3e),="" qhia="" tias="" cov="" tshuaj="" no="" tuaj="" yeem="" ua="" kom="" muaj="" zog="">antioxidantqhov system.

Daim duab 3. Cov txheej txheem uas Cis tiv thaiv GC-1 cov hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hypoxia.

Cov teebmeem ntawm Cis ntawm kev yug me nyuam hauv hypobarichypoxia-induced nas.

Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hypobarichypoxiantawm txiv neej nas, peb thawj zaug sim morphological alterations ntawm testes nyob rau hauv hypobaric hypoxia-induced nas. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm HE staining pom tias nyob rau hauv pawg tswj hwm, cov kab mob spermatogenic ib txwm nyob ntawm ntau theem tau raug teeb tsa tsis tu ncua los ntawm hauv qab daus membrane mus rau lumen, thiab cov phev laus tau pom intubule lumens (Daim duab 4A). Piv nrog rau kev tswj hwm, kev hloov pauv pathological ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog ntshav tau pom nyob rau hauv pawg qauv, hauv qab daus daim nyias nyias ntawm testicular epithelialcells tau teeb tsa xoob, cov spermatogenicepithelium nyias nyias, thiab qib thiab pes tsawg ntawm cov kab mob tau txo qis (Daim duab 4A). Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob nrog Cis zoo kawg nkaus txhim kho cov histology ntawm hypo-baric hypoxia-induced testicular puas hauv vivo (Daim duab 4A). Peb kuj tau ntsuas lub cev qhov hnyav, kuaj qhov hnyav, qhov hnyav epididymis, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub qog seminalvesicle, uas coj mus rau qhov ntsuas lub cev xeeb tub (lub cev xeeb tub / cev xeeb tub) raug xam. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 4B-D, qhov ntsuas ntawm lub cev xeeb tub (testes, epididymis, thiab seminal vesicle gland) tau qis qis hauv pawg qauv (P < 0.01)="" dua="" li="" hauv="" pawg="" tswj="" hwm.="" txawm="" li="" cas="" los="" xij,="" cov="" txiaj="" ntsig="" ntawm="" hypobaric="" hypoxia="" ntawm="" cov="" qog="" nqaij="" hlav="" ntawm="" cov="" nas="" tau="" thim="" rov="" qab="" nrog="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob="" (daim="" duab="">

Tom qab ntawd, kev ua haujlwm acrosome enzyme thiab cov phev phev ntawm cov txiv neej nas phev kuj tau ntsuas los ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm puas tsuaj. Raws li pom hauv daim duab 4E, 4F, kev ua haujlwm acrosomeenzyme thiab phev motility tau qis dua hauv cov qauv pab pawg nas dua li hauv pawg tswj (P < 0.01).="" txawm="" li="" cas="" los="" xij,="" piv="" nrog="" cov="" nas="" hauv="" pawg="" qauv,="" acrosome="" enzyme="" kev="" ua="" haujlwm="" tau="" rov="" qab="" los="" hauv="" cov="" nas="" kho="" nrog="" 8="" mg="" kg="" d="" cis="" (p="">< 0="" 05)="" (daim="" duab="" 4d).="" ntxiv="" mus,="" raws="" li="" qhia="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" daim="" duab="" 4f,="" kev="" kho="" mob="" nrog="" cis="" kuj="" txhim="" kho="" cov="" phev="" nyob;="" cov="" nas="" kho="" nrog="" 8="" mg="" kg="" d="" cis="" txhua="" tus="" pom="" tias="" muaj="" cov="" phev="" muaj="" sia="" nyob="" (55.83="" ±="" 6.03="" feem="" pua,="" p="">< 0.05;="" 69.00="" ±="" 2.29="" feem="" pua,="" p="">< 0.01;="" 52.33="" ±="" 3.40="" feem="" pua="" ​​,="">< 0.05;="" and="" 53.67="" ±="" 2.25%,="" p="" <="" 0.05="" respectively)="" when="" compared="" with="" the="" model="" rats="" (43.83="" ±="">

Ua ke, cov txiaj ntsig no tau qhia tias qhov chaw hypobaric hypoxic ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv lub cev, qhov hnyav ntawm cov menyuam yaus, thiab cov qog nqaij hlav ua haujlwm puas tsuaj rau cov txiv neej nas, thiab Cis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob hauv lub cev los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hypoxia.

Daim duab 4. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Cis ntawm cov kab mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov nas raug rau hypobaric hypoxia.

Cov teebmeem ntawm Cis ntawm OS hauv cov qe ntshav ntawm cov nas hypobarichypoxia-induced nas.

Cov qib ROS thiab LPO hauv cov qe ntshav ntawm cov nas tau ntsuas los ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Cis onhypobaric hypoxia-induced OS. ROS tsom xam qhia tias piv rau pawg tswj hwm, ROS qib hauv cov qe ntshav hauv pawg qauv tau nce ntau (P < 0="" 01="" figure5a).="" hloov="" pauv,="" lpo="" tau="" nce="" siab="" hauv="" cov="" qog="" ntshav="" (p="">< 0.01)="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" hypobaric="" hypoxia="" piv="" nrog="" cov="" mob="" normoxic="" (daim="" duab="" 5b).="" txawm="" li="" cas="" los="" xij,="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob="" hloov="" cov="" kev="" hloov="" pauv="" saum="" toj="" no="" (p="">< 0.05),="" uas="" cis-b="" tau="" txais="" txiaj="" ntsig="" zoo="" dua="" li="" lwm="" yam="" cis="" (daim="" duab="" 5a,="" 5b).="" cisseemed="" los="" tiv="" thaiv="" cov="" qog="" los="" ntawm="" kev="" txo="" osunder="" hypobaric="" hypoxic="" mob="" hauv="">

Ntxiv thiab,apoptosisKev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau ua los ntsuas ntxiv cov txheej txheem los ntawm Cis tiv thaiv hypobaric hypoxia-induced testicular function raug mob. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm TUNEL staining (Daim duab 5C) tau pom tias muaj apoptosis tseem ceeb hauv pawg qauv piv rau pawg tswj hwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab Cis (8 mg / kg / d) kev kho mob, tsawg dua apoptotic hlwb tshwm sim (P < 0.05)="" (daim="" duab="" 5c).="" cov="" ntaub="" ntawv="" westernblot="" kuj="" tau="" qhia="" tias="" kev="" kho="" mob="" hypoxia="" thiab="" hypobaric="" ua="" rau="" ua="" rau="" caspase-3="" thiab="" parp="" thiab="" nce="" bax="" bcl-2="" piv="" rau="" hauv="" cov="" qog="" nqaij="" hlav,="" qhia="" txog="" kev="" nce="" apoptosis="" (daim="" duab="" 5d).="" tsis="" tas="" li="" ntawd,="" ntau="" hom="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob="" txo="" qis="" apoptosis="" hauv="" cov="" nqaij="" mos="" (daim="" duab="" 5d).="" ib="" yam="" li="" ntawd,="" ihc="" kev="" soj="" ntsuam="" ntawm="" cov="" qog="" nqaij="" hlav="" pom="" cov="" txiaj="" ntsig="" zoo="" sib="" xws="" (cov="" duab="" ntxiv="">

Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm Cis-txo OS tshwm sim los ntawm hypobaric hypoxia, peb tau sim ntxiv cov haujlwm ntawm GR, GPx, thiab SOD hauv cov qog nqaij hlav. Raws li pom hauv daim duab 5E, piv nrog rau pawg tswj hwm, kev kho mob hypobaric hypoxia txo qis GR, GPx, thiab SOD cov dej num (P < 0.01).="" txawm="" li="" cas="" los="" xij,="" cis="" kev="" kho="" mob="" tau="" rov="" qab="" kho="" cov="" enzyme="" kev="" ua="" ub="" no="" (gr,="" gpx,="" thiab="" sod)="" ntawm="" cov="" qog="" nqaij="" hlav="" hauv="" cov="" nas="" uas="" kho="" nrog="" hypobaric="" hypoxia="" (p=""><0.05). hauv="" kev="" xaus,="" cis="" zoo="" li="" tiv="" thaiv="" cov="" noob="" qes="" los="" ntawm="" kev="" ua="" kom="" muaj="" zog="" endogenous="" antioxidant="" enzyme="" tiv="" thaiv="" mechanism="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" hypobaric="">

Daim duab 5. Cov nyhuv ntawm Cis ntawm OS nyob rau hauv cov testes ntawm hypobaric hypoxia-induced nas.

Kev sib tham

Hauv thaj chaw siab siab, hypobaric hypoxia paub tias cuam tshuam rau ntau lub tshuab hauv tib neeg, suav nrogtxiv neej yug me nyuamsystem [4, 20] .Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no yog tsom mus rau kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hypoxia ua rau cov txiv neej ua me nyuam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, kev kho cov nyhuv ntawm Cis extract los ntawm Cistanches Herba ntawm hypoxia-vim kev ua me nyuam puas tau raug tshawb xyuas. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias Cis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus txiv neej txoj kev ua me nyuam los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev txo qis hypoxia-inducedROS tsub zuj zuj thiab OS los ntawm kev txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm endogenous antioxidant enzymes.

Cistanche txhim kho covantioxidant enzyme kev ua haujlwm.

ROS yog oxygen-derived dawb radicals uas playa lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tib neeg physiology thiab pathology.Low doses ntawm ROS yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau spermcapacitation, acrosome cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab spermatozoa-oocyte fusion [24, 25]. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau dhau ntawm ROS feem ntau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov kab mob thiab cov hlwb stromal, ua rau txiv neej infertility [26]. ROS tuaj yeem ua kom puas cell membranes, nucleic acids, proteins, enzymes, thiab lwm yam macromolecules lom.

los ntawm peroxidation. Ntxiv mus, lawv kuj ua rau muaj peev xwm cellular thiab DNA puas thaum lawv tshaj cov antioxidant nqa peev xwm.Accumulated pov thawj txhawb lub pivotalrole ntawm ROS nyob rau hauv lub pathogenesis ntawm txiv neej fertility[27, 28]. Kev tsim khoom ntawm ROS yog tswj los ntawm cov pa oxygen. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hypoxic, cov pa oxygen muaj nyob hauv ib puag ncig txo qis, thiab cov ntshav viscosity nce, yog li cuam tshuam rau ntau cov pa oxygen-dependent metabolicprocesses hauv lub cev [29, 30]. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov qis atmospheric siab ntawm qhov siab siab ua rau cov venous rov qab tsis zoo thiab txo qis ntawm cov pa oxygen thauj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau tag nrho cov hlwb ntawm cov kab mob, uas ua rau kom cov hypoxia ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev [29, 30]. Yog li, raug rau tus cwj pwm siab ua rau muaj ntau cov lus teb hypoxic physiological, suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm ROS, thaum qhov kev thov rau cov pa oxygen ntau dhau ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Raws li tau hais dhau los, qhov sib sau ntawm ROSleads rau ntau yam kev cuam tshuam hauv lub cev, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yog ua rau OS hauv hlwb.

OS hais txog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua rau lub cim ntawm oxidants ntau dhau los yog cov molecules uas txais ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm lwm cov reactant, uas ua rau ROS [31, 32]. OS tau nkag siab zoo tias yuav tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov aseries ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous yam, suav nrog raug rau qhov siab siab. Spermatozoa yog cov hlwb uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau OS muab lawv cov kev kho tsis zoo ntawm tes thiab cov ntshav plasma siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm polyunsaturated fatty acids [33]. Testicular thiab epididymal cov ntaub so ntswg tsis yog qhov kev zam, vim tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm OS hnyav tau pom nyob ib puag ncig spermatids hauv cov nas uas raug hypoxia [4]. OS cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm DNA, yog li ua rau muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm gamete geneticmaterial [34-36]. Txawm li cas los xij, qib siab DNA kev puas tsuaj hauv txiv neej gametes tau lees paub tias ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm apoptosis signaling, uas ua rau txo qis ntawm epididymalsperm suav thiab nce feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov hlwb tsis zoo [28, 37]. Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, hypoxia txo qis kev muaj peev xwm ntawm GC-1 hlwb los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm apoptosis thiab cell voj voog raug ntes. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, qhov nce ROS ntau ntau tau pom los ntawm FCM kev tshuaj xyuas tom qab hypoxia stimulation, nrog nce apoptosis tus nqi thiab ua kom ntau dua ntawm Caspase-3, PARP, thiab Bax/Bcl-2 piv, qhia tias ROS tuaj yeem qhib apoptosis los ntawm kev ua kom lub Caspase taw qhia txoj hauv kev thaum lub sij hawm hypoxia-induced fertility puas. Cov kev tshawb pom tam sim no tau pom tias hypoxia ua rau ntau dhau ROS tsub zuj zuj, ua rau oxidative puas tsuaj rau cov qe menyuam. Yog li, nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig los txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj antioxidants tshiab uas tuaj yeem pab tau raws li txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev txo qis kev raug mob ntawm tus menyuam yug los.

Cistanchealleviated fertility raug mob.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv OS, cov kab mob antioxidant complex muaj nyob rau hauv lub cev, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm enzymatic yam. Nyob rau hauv physiological tej yam kev mob, cov ntsiab lus ROS thiab antioxidant system tswj ib tug tej yam sib npaug. Txawm li cas los xij, ROS over-production depletes phev antioxidant system, ua rau OS, uas ua rau phev DNAdamage thiab ua rau txo qis fertility thiab cev xeeb tub [23]. Yog li, txhawm rau hais txog ROS ntau tshaj-tsim thiab cuam tshuam txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cellular theem hauv cov txiv neej kev ua me nyuam, cov tswv yim sib txawv antioxidant tau raug kuaj [23]. Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant thiab txhim kho cov phev muaj nuj nqi yog qhov dav. Qhov tseem ceeb, feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia txog kev txhim kho hauv cov phev tsis tau tom qab noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj, suav nrog kev txhim kho cov phev concentration thiab motility lossis txo cov DNA puas tsuaj [38]. Yog li, ntau tus kws kho mob urologists tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ncauj kom tsis muaj menyuam vim muaj teeb meem OS [39] .Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no feem ntau yog carnitines, vitamins, zinc, melatonin, thiab natural compounds [23, 40]. Tam sim no, nrog rau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj rho tawm, kev nce ntxiv ntawm TCM extracts kuj tseem raug txiav txim siab los txo cov txiv neej infertility vim tias cov antioxidants no tuaj yeem txo qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm OS [41]. Yüce A. et al. tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 2013 tias cinnamon muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm oxidative thiab antioxidant tshuav nyiaj li cas hauv testesand phev zoo [42]. Zhang L et al. qhia tau hais tias curcumin ho txhim kho phev motility hauv cov neeg mob thiab txo H2O2 [43]. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm xws li blueberry, crocus sativus, pomegranateseeds, thiab tshuaj yej ntsuab kuj tau pom tias tiv thaiv kev ua me nyuam ntawm cov txheej txheem antioxidant [27, 44-47]. Cistanches Herba yog ib qho tseem ceeb TCM uas muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev nyab xeeb profile thiab dav siv tshuaj kho mob rau kev xeeb tub, ntawm lwm yam mob [13]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshuaj niaj hnub no tau pom tias Cistanches Herba muaj ntau yam dej num, xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab tiv thaiv kab mob neurodegenerative kev ua ub no [13, 48].Yog li ntawd, cov extracts, feem, los yog cov tebchaw los ntawm Cistanches Herba tej zaum yuav muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant. kev kho mob ntawm infertility.

Cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov nroj tsuag uas txhim kho kev xeeb tub muaj xws li ntau pawg tshuaj xws li PhGs, saponins, oxygenated volatile compounds, thiab alkaloids [41]. Kev tshawb fawb Pharmacologicalactivity ntawm PhGs tau pom tias PhGs nthuav tawm ntau yam bioactivities, xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, antiradiation neuroprotection, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev [49,50]. Ntawm cov kev ua ub no, antioxidation yog maj mam nyiam cov xim. Qee cov khoom siv ib leeg lossis cov feem ntawm PhGs tau tshaj tawm los tiv thaiv kab mob cell apoptosis induced los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj, thiab lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation hauv vitro kuj tau pom nyob rau hauv vivo hauv ntau tus qauv tsiaj [51, 52].Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau tias PhGs tuaj yeem yog tus neeg sib tw txaus nyiam rau kev kho mob. ntawm meninfertility. Cis yog ib qho PhG nquag uas tuaj yeem cais tawm ntawm Cistanches Herba. Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, peb tau tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Cis ntawm cov hlwb uas kho hypoxia lossis tus qauv nas thiab tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem molecular hauv qab. Cisexhibited tiv thaiv kev ua ub no ntawm kev txo qis inhypoxia-induced viability thiab nce inapoptosis hauv GC-1 hlwb, thiab nws kuj pom tau tias muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm hypoxia-induced kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub cev xeeb tub ntawm nas nyob rau hauv vivo. Kev txo qis hauv GR, GPx thiab SOD cov dej num hauv qab hypoxia hauv kev sib piv rau cov pawg normoxic tau pom, thaum cov dej num tshwj xeeb ntawm GR, GPx, thiab SOD nce ntxiv hauv cov qe ntshav lossis GC-1 hlwb kho nrog Cis. Cisseemed los tiv thaiv cov noob qes thiab GC-1 cov hlwb nyob rau hauv cov mob hypoxic los ntawm kev txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidant.

Enzyme antioxidants ua haujlwm tsuas yog los ntawm kev tshem tawm superoxide anions, yog li tiv thaiv lipidperoxidation thiab DNA puas tsuaj los tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub. Enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv oxidative puas tsuaj [23]. Lub tshuab enzymatic tiv thaiv OScomprises dawb radical scavengers thiab glutathione-dependent enzymes suav nrog GR, GPx, thiab SOD [12]. Antioxidant enzymes tau nkag siab zoo tias yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txiv neej lub cev xeeb tub. Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo qis antioxidant enzyme kev ua haujlwm underhypobaric hypoxia tau nrog nce ROS thiab LPO hauv pawg qauv, uas zoo ib yam nrog cov ntawv tshaj tawm dhau los [12].Txawm li cas los xij, Cis kev tswj hwm coj mus rau kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme hauv GC{ {4}} cov hlwb thiab cov qog ntawm cov nas, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov tswv yim rau kev tswj hwm CistanchesHerba los tiv thaiv hypobaric hypoxia-induceddamage, raws li yav dhau los hais. Txawm hais tias cov txiaj ntsig tam sim no tau pom tias kev kho mob nrog Cispartly txo qis hypoxia-vim kab mob celldamage hauv nas, kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm tag nrho cov duab ntawm nws cov kev tiv thaiv kev yug me nyuam. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm Cis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidant. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj lus nug txog seb puas muaj lwm yam txheej txheem tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam raws li Cis tsuas yog qee qhov rov qab los ntawm kev ua me nyuam kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hypoxia. Thaum kawg, seb Cis puas muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hlwb yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.

Cistanche muaj ib tugncaj qha kev loj hlob-txhim kho nyhuvntawm cov kab mob.

Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov nyem qhov no.

Cov lus xaus

Feem ntau, qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm txoj kev tshawb no hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm Cis raws li ib qho antioxidant rau kev kho mob ntawm hypoxia-induced txiv neej kev loj hlob kev puas tsuaj. Cis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hypoxia-induced txiv neej kev tsim kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm antioxidant enzyme, txo ROS-induced OS, ib txhij nce cell viability, thiab txo apoptosis. Qhov tseem ceeb, Cis subtypes (Cis-A, Cis-B, Cis-C, thiab Cis-H) tau kawm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no tag nrho tau pom muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev xeeb tub, thiab Cis-B tau pom cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, peb xav tias Cis tej zaum yuav dhau los ua tus neeg sib tw antioxidant rau kev kho mob ntawm hypoxia-induced txiv neej kev tsim kev puas tsuaj, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb hauv qab mechanism yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas ntxiv.