Molecular Mechanisms Ntawm Astaxanthin Ua Ib Tus Muaj Peev Xwm Neurotherapeutic Agent Part 2

2. Tus kab mob Parkinson

PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder [76]. It is age-related and is caused by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation [77]. The global prevalence of PD is estimated to be 0.1–0.2%, which increases with age (>80 xyoo) mus txog 3 feem pua ​​[78,79]. PD tshwm sim feem ntau yog vim lub cev muaj zog thiab tsis yog lub cev muaj zog tsis ua haujlwm, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev poob ntawm dopaminergic neurons, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov uas tsis yog dopaminergic, thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm alpha-synuclein, uas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Lewy lub cev. thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho thiab kev loj hlob ntawm PD [80,81]. Muaj cov pov thawj muaj zog uas ua ntej, nws cuam tshuam rau lub vagus paj hlwb lub cev muaj zog nucleus, lub qhov muag teev olfactory, lub nucleus, ces locus coeruleus, thiab yog li, thaum kawg, substantia nigra. Cortical cheeb tsam ntawm lub paj hlwb nyob rau tom qab taw tes yog impaired. Kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem neural tshwj xeeb yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kev hloov pauv pathophysiological uas tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb thiab neuropsychological systems [82]. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob tam sim no tau pom zoo rau kev tswj hwm PD, ntau qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo tau cuam tshuam, thiab yog li ntawd, ntau txoj hauv kev tau tsim los nrhiav cov kev hloov pauv tshiab los kho PD kom zoo. Hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, ntau miRNAs tau raug lees paub thiab pom zoo tias yog cov kev tswj hwm cov noob tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub hlwb [83].

Yuav luag tag nrho cov noob muaj feem xyuam nrog PD tau pom tias yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm miRNAs, suav nrog alpha-synuclein (SNCA), LRRK2, thiab ntau yam kev hloov pauv thiab kev loj hlob [84]. MiR-7 tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam rau SNCA tsub zuj zuj thiab koom nrog PD etiology [85]. MiR-7 txo qis ntawm SN cheeb tsam tau paub tias yog ib qho kev qhia kho mob ntawm PD, tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog SNCA tsub zuj zuj tab sis kuj tseem muaj dopaminergic neuron poob thiab miR-7 hloov kho [86]. Qhov no tau qhia los ntawm Shen li al. [87], uas tau tshaj tawm tias ASX tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab yav dhau los hauv endoplasmic reticulum los ntawm kev ua ntawm miR-7/SNCA axis kom txo tau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm PD. SNCA yog cov noob tseem ceeb uas feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txhim kho thiab pib ntxov ntawm PD. Thaum pib thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob neurodegenerative zoo li PD, miRNAs tau nthuav tawm spatial thiab lub sijhawm, qhia tias miRNAs ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv PD pathogenesis. Hauv vivo, lawv kuj pom tias ASX muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev raug mob neuron tshwm sim los ntawm 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) ntawm miR-7/SNCA axis. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov xwm txheej zoo ntawm ASX tsis tau tshaj tawm hauv kev tshawb fawb tsiaj los ntawm Grimmig li al. [88] uas tau tshaj tawm tias qhov sib xyaw ua haujlwm tau raug txwv rau cov tsiaj muaj hnub nyoog nrog PD vim nws tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom ntawm MPTP. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv pom tias nyob rau hauv cov nas me me thiab cov laus, qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm neuronal hauv cov nigra loj heev tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm ASX. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau hais tias txhua qhov kev pom zoo rau PD yuav tsum coj kev laus los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau tshawb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam uas hloov kho ASX cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau ntawm PD. Cov tebchaw no suav nrog docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-acylated ASX ester thiab ASX ua ke nrog cov non-esterified ASX thiab DHA.

Nyem qhov no mus yuavCistanche ntxiv

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj pom tau tias thawj qhov sib xyaw ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li qhov kawg ntawm kev txo qis kev loj hlob ntawm MPTP-induced PD hauv cov nas [89]. Wang et al. [89] kuj tau ua pov thawj tias DHA-ASX tuaj yeem txo qhov kev loj hlob ntawm PD los ntawm kev txo cov apoptotic tshwm sim ntawm dopamine neurons los ntawm kev ua los ntawm P38 MAPK thiab JNK txoj hauv kev (Daim duab 2). Txawm hais tias peb qhov ASX-derived compounds tau pom cov xwm txheej zoo hauv kev txo qis oxidative kev nyuaj siab, DHA-ASX yog tib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem txwv PD kev loj hlob los ntawm kev txo cov cell apoptosis. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los kuj tau qhia ASX lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm mitogen-activated protein kinase thiab P13K / AKT, uas yuav nyiam nws cov kev ua rau ntau yam kab mob paj hlwb, xws li PD [90]. Ntxiv mus, nws tau raug qhia tias ASX kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv oxidative kev nyuaj siab uas yog los ntawm MPP mechanisms hauv PC12 hlwb los ntawm kev ua los ntawm NOX2/HO-1 thiab NR1/SP1 txoj kev [91,92]. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia txog cov xwm txheej zoo ntawm ASX uas tau pom tias ASX kev tswj hwm cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis cov pa oxygen reactive synthesis, txo mitochondrial dysfunction, thiab txo cellular apoptosis [93,94].

3. Neuropathic Pain thiab Central Nervous System Injuries

Neuropathic mob tshwm sim thaum muaj teeb meem los yog raug mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txoj kev somatosensory, stimulating lub hauv paus cuam tshuam neurons [95]. Kev txhim kho mob neuropathic yav dhau los tau piav qhia los ntawm ntau lub tswv yim thiab txoj hauv kev, feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob effector. Ntau tus neeg kho mob inflammatory, xws li prostaglandins, cytokines, thiab reactive oxygen hom, ntxiv rau cov neuromodulators, uas feem ntau suav nrog glutamate, tau nquag pom hauv cov xwm txheej mob [96–99]. Cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau mob los ntawm apoptosis, neuron firing, thiab cuam tshuam ntau yam qauv thiab txheej txheem, xws li microglia, astrocytes, thiab ion tam sim no [100]. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev kho mob tuaj yeem siv los tswj cov mob neuropathic, mus kom tau txais cov qauv zoo uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua yog qhov tseem ceeb los txhim kho kev saib xyuas zoo. Ib qho ntawm cov kev kho mob uas tau pom cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo tsis ntev los no yog tawm tsam cov txheej txheem neuroinflammatory. Gugliandolo et al. [101] pom tias thim rov qab cov kab mob neuroinflamation yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob peripheral hlab ntsha thiab mob neuropathic hauv ib qho kev sim. Hais txog kev sim kev tshawb fawb ntawm ASX, Keudo et al. [51] tau tshaj tawm tias cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev txo qhov mob hauv carrageenan-induced mob thiab edema hauv nas tau cuam tshuam nrog ASX uas kuj tau txais los ntawm Litopenaeus vannamei thiab ua tau zoo hauv kev txo qis qhov mob thiab mob. Sharma et al. [102] txhawb qhov no los ntawm kev txiav txim siab tias ASX txo qhov kev ntxhov siab oxidative uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev coj tus cwj pwm thiab tshuaj lom neeg hauv vivo thiab hauv vitro kev sim, qhov twg cov khoom raug mob los ntawm kev mob neuropathic.

Ntxiv mus, e zoo los tiv thaiv kev mob tshwm sim ntawm ASX tau ua pov thawj ntxiv los ntawm nws lub peev xwm los txo qhov mob ntev los ntawm kev txo qhov muaj peev xwm thermal hyperalgesia thiab muaj peev xwm muaj cov tsos mob nyuaj siab hauv cov nas cuam tshuam [103]. Lwm tsab ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm Fakhri et al. [104] pom tau tias ASX tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ERK1/2 thiab ua kom muaj protein ntau kinase B (AKT), uas, dhau los, yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev pib tshuaj lom neeg thiab thermal mob. Lwm lub peev xwm txheej txheem ntawm ASX kev ua yog tias nws thaiv cov teeb liab inflammatory thiab txo cov neeg sib koom ua ke raws li glutamatergic-photo-p38- mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38MAPK) thiab NR2B [105]. Ntev-sawv raug cov neurons rau glutamate pab rau cell tuag [106]. Muaj ntau yam tsis zoo tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam neuronal rau glutamate, suav nrog kev puas tsuaj neuronal tshwm sim los ntawm L-glutamate, retinal ganglion hlwb tuag vim glutamate kev nyuaj siab, thiab cytotoxicity ntawm HT22 hlwb, uas yog kho los ntawm mitochondrial dysfunction, inactivation ntawm caspase, thiab dysregulation. AKT/GSK-3b signaling pathway [107–110]. Hmoov zoo, ASX muab cov teebmeem neuroprotective tawm tsam tag nrho cov teebmeem no. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm tus txha caj qaum raug mob (SCI), nws paub tias NMDARs subunits zoo li NMDARs 2B (NR2B) thiab glutamate koom rau hauv txoj kev mob neuropathy [99,111]. NR2B yog ib qho cation channel uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau hom synaptic plasticity thiab mediates lub neurotransmission ntawm glutamate thiab ntau lwm yam ntawm kev loj hlob thiab synaptic kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv neuropathy mob [112].

Cistanche tubulosathiabQhuav Cistanche

Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua kom NR2B tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob rau tus txha caj qaum. Nws tau raug pom zoo tias ASX koom nrog txo qhov mob neuropathic los ntawm inhibiting glutamate-initiated signaling txoj kev los ntawm kev txo qis kev qhia ntawm NR2B thiab p-p38MAPK [2,105,113]. Ntxiv mus, ASX inhibits MIF, p-p38MAPK, p-ERK, thiab AKT txoj hauv kev thiab txhawb nqa txoj hauv kev p-AKT thiab ERK [114]. MIF upregulates NR2B; Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog tus neeg kho mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov mob neuropathic, thiab nws tau pom los ntawm ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes hauv peripheral thiab hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov hlwb nyob hauv thaj chaw hnov ​​​​mob [115]. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv kev teb rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas thiab kev ntxhov siab, nws tau nce siab heev, feem ntau ncav cuag li 1000 npaug siab dua li lwm cov cytokines ua rau mob [116]. Feem ntau, muab nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant, tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab kev tiv thaiv apoptotic mechanisms, ASX yuav raug suav hais tias yog qhov kev cia siab tshiab rau txo qis mob neuropathic hauv cov qauv tsiaj. Kev txo qis ntawm NR2B thiab MIF, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob neuropathic tom qab SCI, tuaj yeem koom nrog (Daim duab 3).

4. Autism

Feem ntau ntawm kev puas hlwb tsis ntev los no tau nce ntxiv, nrog ntau yam kev sib raug zoo, kev coj cwj pwm, thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov neeg mob thiab cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig [117-119]. Ntxiv nrog rau muaj ntau cov xwm txheej neurodegenerative koom nrog hauv nws cov txheej txheem [120–122], autism kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog nce qib thiab zaus ntawm kev sib txuas thiab tso tawm ntau yam kev sib kho proinflammatory [123]. Cov tsos mob ntawm plab hnyuv (GI) muaj ntau ntawm cov neeg mob autism. Lub plab microbiota tswj cov haujlwm neuropsychological, plab hnyuv homeostasis, thiab kev ua haujlwm GI cuam tshuam los ntawm microbiota-gut-hlwb axis [124]. Ntxiv mus, cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia tias cov neeg mob uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab [125-128]. Yog li ntawd, cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau pom tias ASX tuaj yeem muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo qis lub xeev inflammatory thiab oxidative kev nyuaj siab uas yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob autistic [129,130]. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau ntseeg tias ASX tuaj yeem txo qis cov kab mob hnyav thiab txo qis kev mob plab hauv cov nas uas muaj H. pylori, thiab ua kom cov IgA antibody-secreting hlwb hauv cov hnyuv me ntawm cov nas. Yog li, ASX tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lossis kho dysbiosis thiab nws cov kab mob cuam tshuam xws li autism, AD, thiab PD [131].

Fernández thiab al. [132] yav dhau los qhia txog kev tswj hwm ntawm carotenoids raws li cov khoom noj niaj hnub hauv cov neeg mob autism kom txo tau qhov muaj peev xwm oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab lub xeev inflammatory. Al-Amin et al. [133] kuj tau tshaj tawm tias ASX txo cov kev ua ntawm catalase kev ua ub no, txwv tsis pub lipid peroxidation, thiab txo cov qib ntawm nitric oxide, uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim oxidative kev nyuaj siab. Qhov no tau ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev ntsuas tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thiab qhov nce ntxiv ntawm qhov ntsuas paw tshem tawm latency hauv cov nas kawm uas raug kev puas siab puas ntsws, theem nrab rau valproic-acid induction [133].

5. Cerebral ischemia

Ntev cerebral ischemia tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau pom tias muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam ntawm ASX carotenoid rau txo qhov hnyav ntawm cerebral ischemia thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau lub hlwb rov qab los. Xu et al. [134] tau tshaj tawm tias ASX muaj peev xwm txo qis ischemia thiab txhim kho kev txawj ntse thiab kev kawm hauv lawv cov qauv ntawm cov nas uas raug rov ua rau lub hlwb ischemia los ntawm kev txo qis apoptosis thiab hippocampal kev puas tsuaj. Qee cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem piav qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kev mob hlwb los ntawm ASX los ntawm kev txhim kho cov kev rov ua dua tom qab ischemia. Cov no suav nrog kev ua kom muaj Nrf2-ARE txoj hauv kev, txo qis cov pa oxygen reactive hom, txo apoptosis, thiab txhim kho cov hlab ntsha rov qab [135].

Ntxiv mus, pov thawj qhia tau hais tias ASX muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab cov pa oxygen tsim nyog rau cov ntaub so ntswg apoptotic los ntawm GSK3 / PI3K / Nrf2 / Akt pathways [136]. Wang et al. [135] tau lees paub qhov no los ntawm kev qhia tias ASX tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev soj ntsuam thiab lub cev muaj zog los ntawm cAMP / protein kinase A (PKA) / cAMP cov lus teb cov ntsiab lus-binding protein (CREB). Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los kuj tau qhia tias ASX muaj lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv hauv kev mob hlwb thiab mob hlwb [137,138].

Cistanche ntsiav tshuaj

Lub peev xwm ntawm Astaxanthin hauv Counteracting Neuroinflammation

Lub cev loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa lub luag haujlwm ntawm ASX hauv kev tiv thaiv neuroinflammation, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib tw rau kev sim ntxiv hauv ntau yam kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb, qhov twg neuroinflammation plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov kab mob pathology thiab kev loj hlob, suav nrog AD, PD, paj hlwb raug mob, cerebral ischemia. , thiab autism.

Piv txwv li, Che et al. [55] qhia txog kev paub txog kev txawj ntse hauv AD transgenic nas los ntawm kev txo qis neuroinflammation thiab cuam tshuam oxidative kev nyuaj siab [56,57], thiab Kidd li al. [9] qhia cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws ntawm mitochondria thiab microcirculation [69]. Gugliandolo et al. [101] kuj tau tshaj tawm tias thim rov qab cov kab mob neuroinflamation tau zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha peripheral raug mob thiab mob neuropathic. Ib yam li ntawd, kev tawm tsam cov kab mob neuroinflamation tsis ntev los no tau pom los txhim kho kev rov zoo hauv Parkinson tus kab mob kev sim ua qauv [139]. Impellizzeri thiab al. kuj tau tshaj tawm tias thim rov qab cov kab mob neuroinflamation yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev kho mob cerebral ischemia thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau vascular dementia.

Raws li tau hais los saum no ASX cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqis tes ua, qhov kev pom zoo hauv kev tshawb fawb, thiab qhov tseeb tias neuroinflammation plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv AD, PD, paj hlwb raug mob, cerebral ischemia, thiab autism, peb txhawb kev nce qib ntawm tus neeg sib tw neurotherapeutic no mus kuaj ntxiv. hauv kev sim tshuaj.

Kev nyab xeeb ntawm Astaxanthin

Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm tias ASX muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj kev phiv los yog tshuaj lom thaum sib sau rau hauv cov tsiaj los yog tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg [26]. Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj ntau dhau ntawm ASX tuaj yeem ua rau hloov pauv pigmentation ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj [24]. Kev sib sau ntawm ASX kuj tau pom nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm nas [140]. Kev tswj hwm ntawm ASX tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom muaj zog antioxidant enzymes thiab txo cov ntshav siab hauv cov nas hypertensive [141]. Raws li kev pub khoom noj ntxiv, Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) tau pom zoo ASX txog li 80 mg / kg, thaum European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) tau pom zoo txog 100 mg / kg [142].

Hais txog kev noj txhua hnub, nws tau tshaj tawm tias 0.034 mg/kg/hnub ntawm ntuj ASX yog qhov pom zoo txhua hnub rau tib neeg [143]. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sim tshuaj tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov koob tshuaj ntau dua ntawm 8 mg ib hnub lossis ntau dua [144,145]. Hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom kev nyab xeeb, cov neeg tshawb xyuas tau soj ntsuam ntau dua 80 qhov kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom pom cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm ASX [146]. Lawv qhov kev tshawb pom tau hais tias tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam, txawm tias hauv cov kev tshawb fawb uas tau tswj hwm cov koob tshuaj ntau ntawm ASX (txog 45 mg) [147]. Qee qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo xws li kev mob plab hnyuv tau nce ntxiv [148]. Ntxiv mus, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv daim siab tsis tau [149].

Cistanche extract

Cov lus xaus

ASX, ketocarotenoid muab rho tawm los ntawm marine carotenoids, muab ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv rau ntau yam kab mob. Raws li ntau lub hom phiaj neuroprotective tus neeg saib xyuas, ASX tackles neurodegenerative kab mob 'pathophysiology los ntawm antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, thiab anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Ntxiv mus, los ntawm nws cov khoom muaj roj-soluble, ASX yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo dhau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha-hlwb teeb meem. Yog li ntawd, ASX zoo li yog ib tus neeg sib tw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ntsuam xyuas ntau dua ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv neuroprotective, uas yuav ua rau ASX dhau los ua tus neeg sawv cev tshiab neurotherapeutic. Txawm hais tias cov pov thawj tam sim no txhawb nqa cov tshuaj neuroprotective pharmacological ntawm ASX, tsis muaj kev xa tshuaj zoo hauv cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los. Yog li ntawd, kev sim tshuaj tom ntej yuav tsum tau ua los tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem xa tuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm txoj hauv kev pathophysiological koom nrog hauv neurodegeneration thiab cov txheej txheem neuroprotective ntawm ASX hauv tib neeg.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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Eshak I. Bahbah 1 , Sherief Ghozy 2 , Mohamed S. Attia 3 , Ahmed Negida 4 , Talha Bin Emran 5 , Saikat Mitra 6 , Ghadeer M. Albadrani 7 , Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim 8 , Md. Sahab 10 Uddin , thiab Yexus Simal-Gandara 11

1 Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta 34511, Egypt; isaacbahbah@gmail.com

2 Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; sherief_ghozy@yahoo.com

3 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; mosalahnabet@gmail.com

4 Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Tshuaj, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; ahmed.said.negida@gmail.com

5 Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh; talhabmb@bgctub.ac.bd

6 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; saikatmitradu@gmail.com

7 Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia; gmalbadrani@pnu.edu.sa

8 Pharmacology Department, Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; abdeldaim.m@vet.suez.edu.eg

9 Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh

10 Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

11 Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Food Science thiab Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain