Hom kab mob raum Cov Lus Nug: Cov kab mob hauv lub raum yuav ua rau Uremia?
May 06, 2022
Nephrologistsntsib teeb meem: ntawm ib sab, lawv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov kev sim kuaj thiab sim tiv thaiv cov neeg mob los ntawm kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem no; Nyob rau sab nraud yog kawm txog pathology thiab sim kom cov neeg mob siv nws zoo dua.
Kuv yuav nyeem daim ntawv qhia txog lub raum biopsy li cas?
Ob peb lo lus pib nrog:
Peb tuaj yeem saib dab tsi ntawm cov nqaij me me ntawm lub raum puncture? Muaj peb yam cuab yeej:
1. Lub teeb microscope (hloov iav tsom iav, tuaj yeem pom cov hlwb)
2. Electron microscope (electron beam imaging, uas yog hais txog ib txhiab lub sij hawm siab dua li lub teeb microscopy thiab tuaj yeem pom cov qauv zoo ntawm cov hlwb)
3. Immunofluorescence microscopy (saib dab tsi koj lub raum tso ntawm cov khoom ua rau cov kab mob, xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, hu ua electron compacts pom ntawm electron microscopy)
Nyem rau Cistanches herba thiab Cong rong Cistanche rau mob raum
Lub raum pathological hloov pauv tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
1. Mob me me (me me)
2. Focal segmental lesions (qhov txhab ntawm ob peb cov ntaub so ntswg, tsis pub tshaj 50 feem pua)
Iii. Cov kab mob sib kis (feem ntau cov ntaub so ntswg muaj qhov txhab, ntau dua 50 feem pua)
Cov qauv ntawm lub raum, uas zoo li nws muaj ob lub glomerulus thiab tubules, yog qhov yooj yim dua: nws yog tag nrho cov hlab.
Kev faib tawm ntawm lub raum kab mob pathology:
1. Kab mob raum me me
Raws li lub npe pom zoo, cov kab mob me me. Thawj lub npe Askiv yog GML (Glomemlar minor Lesion), uas yog hais txog cov kab mob uas tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab tsuas tuaj yeem pom hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Peb feem ntau hais txog "kev hloov pauv tsawg kawg nkaus glomerupathies", Ameslikas hu ua MCG (tseem ceeb hloov glomerupathies), uas txhais tau tias pom qhov txhab nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov mob me. Qhov ua rau ntawm micropathic nephropathy, pib kis kab mob, ua rau T lymphocytes secrete vascular permeability yam. Cov vascular permeability yam ua kom puas cov podocytes, txheej txheej ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub raum. Podocytes zoo li octopuses, nrog rau ntau los yog ntau pua taw. Octopus tej zaum yuav tsis zoo nkauj, tab sis nws muaj lub hom phiaj loj: nws txhais taw tuav cov hlab ntsha thiab ua lub laj kab, thaiv cov proteins hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab tiv thaiv cov zis tawm. Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov txhab me me, cov "octopus feet," lossis cov laj kab laj kab, fuse thiab lo ua ke, tso cai rau qhov khoob kom nthuav dav thiab cov zis tso zis tawm.
Yog li cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob me me hloov pauv yog kab mob, ua rau T hlwb secrete vascular permeability yam, ua rau ko taw protrusion fusion, fissure qhov yuav loj dua, ua rau cov zis protein tawm. Podocytes muaj zog, thiab nrog kev pab me ntsis, Squidward tuaj yeem ncaj tawm nws txhais taw. Yog li ntawd, micropathic nephropathy yog ib qho yooj yim los kho, muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg ntawm uremia, thiab lub raum tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim tsawg dua 10 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob.
2. Focal segmental lesions ntawm lub raum kab mob
"Focal segments" txhais tau hais tias cov kab mob nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub glomerulus, los yog nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub glomerulus, nyob rau hauv ntu es tsis yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho glomerulus los yog lub raum (diffuse).
1. Yog tias qhov mob no tsuas yog mob, nws yooj yim los tswj. "FOCAL segmental glomerulonephritis" feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
2. Tab sis yog tias nws yog sclerosing, hu ua focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, nws yog qhov hnyav dua. Kwv yees li 50 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob tau nce mus rau uremia hauv 5-10 xyoo.
Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm tes, sclerosis thiab fibrosis yog kev tuag thiab cawm tsis tau. Squidward poob ntawm cov leeg thiab withered. Raws li qhov ua rau: leej twg tua Squidward, muaj ntau qhov kev xav, feem ntau yuav muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau tus neeg tua neeg, uas tsis tau tsim tawm ntawm no.
3. Disffuse lesions ntawm lub raum kab mob
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ntau tshaj 50 feem pua ntawm lub raum mob, thiab muaj ntau hom:
1. Lub membranous
Qhov no yog membranous nephropathy. Lub vascular phab ntsa muaj peb txheej: sab hauv, nruab nrab, thiab sab nraud. Lub podocyte yog txheej txheej, thiab hauv qab daus membrane yog nruab nrab txheej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ntawm membranous nephropathy, lub hauv paus membrane nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog kab mob thiab thickened.
Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo thiab kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig yuav ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog hauv tib neeg lub cev, thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tua, tawm hauv qab kev puas tsuaj: lub cev tsis muaj zog, uas tso rau hauv qab daus daim nyias nyias thiab ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab hauv qab daus daim nyias nyias yuav ua pathological. Thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob cia li poob rau hauv qab daus daim nyias nyias, nws yog theem 1 membranous nephropathy. Lub hauv paus membrane tau txhawb nqa thiab tawm mus, uas yog theem 2 ntawm membranous nephropathy. Cov txheej txheem ntsia thawv txuas ntxiv zuj zus, npog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yog theem 3 membranous nephropathy. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog absorbed, thiab vacuoles tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub spikes, zoo li chains. Kauj Ruam 4 Membranous nephropathy.
Txij li nws yog ib qho teeb meem tiv thaiv kab mob, yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Membranous nephropathy feem ntau yog kho nrog cov tshuaj hormones ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Qee qhov membranous nephropathy tsis rhiab rau cov tshuaj. Hauv 5 mus rau 10 xyoo, 33 feem pua ntawm cov membranous nephropathy nce mus rau uremia.
2. Mesangial proliferation
Cov hlab ntawm lub raum yog puag ncig, thiab cov khoom puag ncig tsis tuaj yeem ua ke zoo kawg nkaus. Qhov chaw seem yog hu ua thaj chaw mesangial, thiab thaj chaw mesangial muaj cov hlwb mesangial.
Mesangial hlwb yog cov qe ntshav dawb uas yog phagocytic thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob: cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Tab sis qee zaum dyspepsia, tsis zoo rau nws qhov kev puas tsuaj, yuav tshwm sim hauv mesangial cell hyperplasia, uas yog, "mesangial proliferative nephropathy". Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm immunofluorescence microscope, muaj ntau hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob: IgA, IgM, IgG, thiab lwm yam. Tib lub sijhawm, C3, C1q, thiab lwm yam ntxiv feem ntau tuaj rau hauv tsev kho mob lom zem. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau dyes thiab pom los ntawm immunofluorescence microscopy. Raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv, mesangial proliferative nephropathy tuaj yeem muab faib ua IgA nephropathy, IgM nephropathy, IgG nephropathy, thiab lwm yam. Cov qib ntawm mesangial hyperplasia tau muab faib ua cov qib me, nruab nrab, thiab hnyav, thiab qhov hnyav thiab nyuaj ntawm kev kho mob maj mam nce. Zuag qhia tag nrho, 25 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj mesangial proliferative nephropathy tau nce mus rau uremia.
3. IgA nephropathy
IgA nephropathy, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, yog ib qho ntawm mesangial proliferative nephropathy, uas tam sim no tau hloov pauv hauv nws txoj cai. Cov kab mob raum no muaj ntau heev hauv peb lub tebchaws uas nws cuam tshuam ntau tus neeg raws li txhua tus kab mob raum tau hais hauv kab lus no ntxiv rau ib qho. Nws qhov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb yog qhov pom tseeb dua, muaj hematuria yuav luag, thiab feem coob ntawm cov neeg mob uas tus khub proteinuria tsis yog cov proteinuria ntau.
Risk uremia:
Hauv 10 xyoo 20 feem pua ntawm IgA nephropathy cov neeg mob tau nce mus rau uremia;
Hauv 20 xyoo 40 feem pua ntawm IgA nephropathy cov neeg mob nce mus rau uremia.
4. Endovascular proliferative nephritis
Yog li qhov no yog txheej txheej sab nrauv thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab qhov no yog txheej txheej sab hauv: endothelial cell. Hom nephropathy no feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob streptococcal mob, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm endothelial thiab mesangial hlwb thiab tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog tias tus kab mob tsis loj heev thiab tus kab mob no tswj tau, koj tuaj yeem nyob hauv txaj ob peb hnub yam tsis tas yuav kho lub raum. Cov mob hnyav xav tau kev kho mob, kev kho mob hauv lub sijhawm yuav rov zoo dua.
5. Membranous proliferative nephropathy
Nco tseg: membranous, membranous, thiab mesangial hyperplasia yog peb yam sib txawv ntawm nephropathy, tsis tas yuav tsis meej pem. Membranous proliferative nephropathy muaj ntau qhov txhab, txawm hais tias lub npe tsuas yog hu ua "membrane hyperplasia", qhov tseeb, tsis yog hauv qab daus daim nyias nyias, nws cov mesangium, endothelium, thiab epithelium muaj qhov txhab, thiab cov kab mob loj. Nws kuj muaj cov teeb meem feem ntau (hypertension, thrombosis, hematuria, lipid malnutrition, kab mob, anemia, thiab lwm yam). Nws yog ib qho nyuaj tshaj plaws thawj nephropathies los kho, thiab hauv 10 xyoo 50 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob MDN nce mus rau uremia. Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm electron microscope, nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem sab hauv, nruab nrab, thiab sab nrauv ntawm phab ntsa vascular feem, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua 1/2/3 hom.
6. Kab mob ntawm cov khoom ntim ntom ntom
Cov kab mob ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom cov kab mob yog hom thib ob ntawm membrane hyperplasia (muaj peb hom membrane hyperplasia) thiab qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws los kho, uas tau raug cais tawm.
7. Crescent nephritis
Nws kuj yog ib yam ntawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov kab mob raum, kev kho mob thaum ntxov yog zoo dua, kev kho mob tsis yog raws sij hawm mus rau uremia tsuas yog ob peb xyoos lossis ntau lub hlis. Cov hlab ntsha tawg thiab cov ntsiab lus ntws tawm. Lub glomerulus yog spherical, thiab thaum ib nrab ntawm lub glomerulus tau ntim nrog cov khoom xau, nws zoo li lub hli crescent, yog li nws hu ua crescent lub cev. Crescentic nephritis tshwm sim hauv ntau dua 50 feem pua ntawm cov glomeruli. Crescent lub cev yog cellular nyob rau hauv lawv cov theem thaum ntxov thiab thim rov qab; Tab sis yog tias kev kho tsis tu ncua thiab fibrous crescents tshwm sim, tus kab mob yog irreversible.
Cistanche yog ib hom tshuaj ntsuab rau mob raum
Feem ntau ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob thaum ub nyob rau ntau thaj tsam paub txog Cistanche los ntawm kev paub. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab zoo dua cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Cistanche, cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no kuj tau ua ntau qhov tob thiab ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim ntawm Cistanche. Tom qab xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom tias cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv Cistanche yog:Echinacoside, Verbascoside, thiabFlavonoid. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb nrhiav kev siv ethanol los rho tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cistanche thiab tsim cov Cistanche extracts nrog cov ntsiab lus siab dua ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag.Cov kws tshawb fawb faib Cistanche rau peb hom tseem ceeb:CistancheTubulosa, CistanchedeserticolathiabCistancheSalsa. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog covCistancheTubulosamuaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm peb cov khoom xyaw nquag saum toj no. Dab tsi nthuav yog tias cov khoom xyaw no muaj zogantioxidantnyhuv, txo cellapoptosisthiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tes.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem ntawm Cistanche rau mob raum
Cistanche tuaj yeem nce tus nqi ntawm lub raum cellkev loj hlob.
Cistanche tuaj yeem txo lub raum cellapoptosis.
Cistanche txhawb cov qog adrenal los tsimtestosterone.
Yog xav paub ntxiv:ali.ma@wecistanche.com
