Txhim kho Cov Duab Ntxoo Ntxoov Ntxoo Los Ntawm Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni Alloy Los Ntawm Kev Txhaum Peening
Jun 18, 2024
Abstract:
Txhawm rau txhim kho lub cim xeeb zoo, cov tshuaj daws teeb meem Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy raug tua thiab tom qab ntawd annealed. Cov txheej txheem theem tau kuaj xyuas siv X-ray diffractionmethod.
Cov nyhuv nco yog hais txog qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm thiab kev nco, tom qab rov ua dua thiab sib sau ua ke, lub cim xeeb tsim tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub hlwb kom ruaj khov thiab sib sib zog nqus. Lub cim xeeb yog hais txog lub zog ntawm tib neeg lub cim xeeb, uas yog, tib neeg lub peev xwm hauv kev nco thiab lub peev xwm thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas tuaj yeem nco tau.
Muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov nyhuv nco thiab nco. Cov nyhuv nco yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho tib neeg lub cim xeeb.
Ua ntej, dhau los ntawm kev rov qab kawm thiab nco, tib neeg tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua thiab paub txog kev paub, thiab siv qhov kev paub no txhua lub sijhawm thiab nyob qhov twg hauv lub neej niaj hnub, yog li txhim kho kev nco.
Thib ob, los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, xws li flashcards, tshuaj xyuas software, thiab lwm yam, kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm kev nco tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cim xeeb zoo, yog li txhim kho tib neeg lub cim xeeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab cov tswv yim los pab tib neeg txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev nco, xws li kev teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv, tsim cov koom haum thiab cov koom haum, thiab ua ntau yam rov ua dua hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Kev siv cov tswv yim thiab cov hau kev no tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhim kho lub cim xeeb tab sis kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho kev nco.
Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub cim xeeb nyhuv thiab lub cim xeeb yog nyob ze txuas. Los ntawm kev kawm tas mus li thiab kev nco, peb lub cim xeeb tuaj yeem khaws cia ntau dua thiab ruaj khov, yog li txhim kho peb lub cim xeeb zoo. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum nquag siv ntau yam kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab cov tswv yim los txhim kho kev nco, ua kom peb lub cim xeeb tsis tu ncua, thiab hloov kho kom zoo rau lub neej niaj hnub. Nws pom tau tias peb yuav tsum txhim kho peb lub cim xeeb. Cistanche tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nco zoo vim tias nws yog cov khoom siv tshuaj suav tshuaj suav nrog ntau yam tshwj xeeb, ib qho ntawm kev txhim kho kev nco. Cov nyhuv ntawm Cistanche yog los ntawm ntau yam khoom xyaw uas nws muaj, nrog rau tannic acid, polysaccharides, flavonoid glycosides, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom xyaw no tuaj yeem txhawb lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv ntau txoj hauv kev.
Nyem paub txoj hauv kev los txhim kho lub hlwb
Microstructure evolution yog tus cwj pwm siv lub tshuab ntsuas qhov muag thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob thim rov qab, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev nco tau raug ntsuas los ntawm kev ntsuas khoov. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias 0-0-martensite thiab ε-martensite tau nkag mus rau hauv txheej txheej txhaj tshuaj-peened.
Lub 0-martensite tseem nyob tom qab annealing txawm nyob ntawm 850 ◦C. Lub microstructure ntawm txheej txheej saum npoo yog refined los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab annealing. Piv nrog rau cov kev daws teeb meem, cov duab rov qab piv thiab cov qauv rov qab los ntawm cov qauv uas tau txhaj tshuaj peened thiab tom qab annealed tau txhim kho zoo ntawm cov kev txwv sib txawv.
Ntsiab lus: zoo nco alloy; Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni alloy; txhaj tshuaj peening; microstructure; theem transformation.
1. Taw qhia
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) yog ib hom khoom siv uas tuaj yeem kho lawv cov duab qub tom qab deformation. NiTi alloys yog zoo heev SMAs. Lawv tuaj yeem rov qab tau cov kab mob loj ntawm 6-8% vim qhov zoo ntawm lub cim xeeb thiab superelasticity [1,2].
Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tau qis thiab tus nqi siab, txwv lawv cov ntawv thov loj [1,3]. Yog li ntawd, FeMn-Si-raws li SMAs tau nyiam qhov kev txaus siab tsis ntev los no vim tias lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws thiab cov nqi qis [3–8].
Cov duab nco zoo ntawm Fe-Mn-Si-based SMAs tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab-ua rau -austenite mus rau ε-martensite theem kev hloov pauv thiab nws qhov kev hloov pauv rov qab ntawm cov cua kub tom ntej tshaj qhov kub ntawm Af. Shear displacement ua rau martensitictransformation, ua rau tsim ntawm Shockley ib feem dislocations thiab stackingfaults ntawm (111) kaw-packed atomic dav hlau.
Muaj 12 lub tshuab shear uas muaj plaub (111) dav hlau thiab peb<112>cov lus qhia. Yog li ntawd, 12 variants ntawm ε-martensite tuaj yeem tsim tau thaum lub -austenite loaded. Tsuas yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm ε-martensite tau qhia rau ib leeg siv lead ua Fe-Mn-Si alloys siv lub zog tensile thov raws li<414>kev taw qhia, yielding ib tug loj rov qab hom ntawm 9% [9].
Kev sib tsoo ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tshwm sim raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov variants tau nce, thiab ib qho 0-martensite tau tsim, txo cov duab rov qab [10–12]. Kev siv zog yuav tsum tau ua los txhawb kev hloov pauv martensitic onplastic deformation thiab crystallographic reversibility ntawm kev hloov pauv rov qab kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo nco [13].
Rau cov polycrystalline Fe-Mn-Si-raws li SMAs, lub cim xeeb zoo yuav zoo dua yog tias cov hlau tsis tshua muaj zog-tawg zog, siab zog ntawm niam txiv theem, Msnear Néel kub TN, thiab qhov zoo tagnrho c/a piv (1.633 ) ntawm ε theem [14].
Chemicalcomposition tsim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov duab nco los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau niam txiv matrixmechanical khoom, theem stability, lattice tsis, stacking-fault zog, Ms, thiab TN [13]. Mn thiab Si constituents yog cov khoom tsim nyog hauv Fe-Mn-Si-based SMAs. Mncan harden lub -austenite thiab nce qhov rov qab ntawm ε-martensite los ntawm inhibiting qhov tsim ntawm 0-martensite [15].
Si txhim khu kev thim rov qab los ntawm kev txo qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm atomic mismatch [16]. Ntxiv Cr thiab Ni tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab txhim kho cov duab cim xeeb los ntawm kev ua kom cov c/a piv [17] .Tshwj tsis yog rau cov qauv tsim, cov txheej txheem sib txawv tau siv los txhim kho cov duab cim xeeb los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm microstructure [1] .
Nws tau raug qhia tias theem ob precipitates hauv Fe-15Mn-5Si-9Cr-5Ni SMA tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov pa dov, asymmetric dov, thiab sib npaug-channel angular (ECAP) nias ua raws li annealing [7].
Ultrafine los yog nplua nplej tau raug ntxias nyob rau hauv Fe-Mn-Si-based SMAs ntawm high-ratio sib txawv ceev dov [18], ECAP [19], thiab high-speed high-pressure torsion [20], thiab lawv cov duab nco tau txhim kho. tseem ceeb. Kev txhaj tshuaj peening yog txheej txheem kev hloov kho thoob ntiaj teb siv rau ntau yam khoom siv engineering thiab qhov chaw, uas tuaj yeem kho cov microstructure, ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom, thiab qhia txog kev ntxhov siab. Severeplastic deformation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txheej txheej thiab maj mam txo nrog qhov tob rau cov khoom raug txhaj tshuaj peening [21].
Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm microstructure variation tuaj yeem xav tau nyob rau hauv txheej txheej ntawm txhaj tshuaj-peened SMAs.Qhov kev tshawb fawb no tshawb txog qhov ua tau ntawm kev txhim kho lub cim xeeb zoo ntawm Fe-MnSi-Cr-Ni alloy siv txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tshuaj xyuas cov microstructural evolution. Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no, Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni alloy raug tua peened, thiab tom qab annealed.
Phaseconstitution thiab microstructural evolution tau tshawb xyuas. Cov duab nco effect raug soj ntsuam siv qhov kev sim khoov, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening ntawm cov duab memoryeffect tau tham txog.
2. Kev sim paub meej
Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li nqus tsev vacuummelting, casting, forging, thiab kub dov. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau raug tshuaj xyuas siv lub spectrometer (Perkin Elmer Optima 8300, Waltham, MA, USA), thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia hauv Table 1.
Tom qab kho cov tshuaj, Fe{{0}}Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy raug tua peened. Tus qauv XRD ntawm lub peened nto txheej yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 3. Lub diffraction ncov ntawm (110) 0 overlaps nrog uas ntawm (0002)ε ntawm 2θ=44 .7674◦, thiab (211) 0 sib tshooj nrog (1013) ¯ε at2θ=82.6083◦, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 3a. Lub xub ntiag ntawm ε-martensite thiab 0-martensite tsis tuaj yeem xam los ntawm ob lub ncov no. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseem ceeb diffraction peaks ntawm (200) 0 thiab (220) 0 tuaj yeem pom ntawm 65.0844◦ thiab 99.3183◦, feem.
Lub ncov tsis muaj zog ntawm (101¯1)ε muaj nyob ntawm 46.8263◦. Li no, nws tuaj yeem lees paub tias txheej txheej txheej ntawm txhaj-peenedFe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy muaj 0-martensite thiab ε - martensite.
Qhov kev sim no yog qhov xav tsis thoob vim tias Mn tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm 0-martensite [15], uas tau qhia nyob rau hauv Fe-Mn-Si alloys nrog <20 wt% Mn cov ntsiab lus, xws li Fe-14Mn{ {6}}Si8Cr-4Ni [25], Fe–14Mn–5Si–9Cr–5Ni [26,27], and Fe-18Mn-5.5Si-9 .5Cr-Ni [12].
Tom qab txhaj tshuaj, cov qauv tau muab tso rau ntawm 650 ◦C, 750 ◦C, thiab 850 ◦C rau 30 feeb. Lub -austenite, ε-martensite, thiab 0-martensite tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau rau cov qauv ntsuas ntawm 650 ◦C los ntawm XRD qauv qhia hauv daim duab 3b, qhia tias asubstantial reverse martensitic transformation tshwm sim thaum annealing ntawm 650 ◦-C rau lub peened cov qauv.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv peaks ntawm -austenite tsis tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov ntsuas kub nce mus rau 750 ◦C. Lub ncov ε-martensite kuj tseem tsis muaj zog. Piv nrog rau (200) 0 thiab (220) 0 diffraction peaks pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 3a,b, ob lub ncov 'kev siv zog tau nce ntxiv thiab lawv qhov dav tag nrho ntawm ib nrab qhov siab tshaj plaws tau txo qis raws li qhov kub thiab txias tau nce mus rau 750 ◦C.
Thaum qhov kub ntawm qhov annealing tau nce mus rau 850 ◦C, qhov (101¯1)ε diffraction ncov yuav luag ploj, thiab (200) 0 thiab (220) 0peak intensities nce 24.4% thiab 17.2%, feem, piv nrog rau cov qauv no tau muab tso rau ntawm 750 ◦C.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov ntim feem ntawm 0-martensite nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tua-peened nto txheej tau nce thaum lub annealing kub nce ntawm 650 ◦C mus rau 850 ◦C.
3.2. Microstructural Evolution
Daim duab 4 qhia txog EBSD cov duab ntawm cov qauv kev daws teeb meem, uas qhia tau hais tias lub microstructure zoo. Qhov nruab nrab grain loj yog kwv yees li ntawm 9 µmby tsom xam daim duab 4a. Nws tau raug taw qhia tias cov menyuam ntxaib feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv -austenite ntawm Fe-Mn-Si-based SMAs tom qab thermo-mechanical processing [3,8].
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, ib tug siab ceev ntawm ntxaib ciam yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub solutionized Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr6Ni alloy (Daim duab 4b). Kev tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias ob thaj tsam muaj kev phom sij rau lub cim xeeb zoo ntawm Fe-Mn-Si-based SMAs vim yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus ntxaib thiab ε-martensite [3,8].
Raws li cov txheej txheem yas deformation loj heev, txhaj tshuaj peening tuaj yeem ua kom paub qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab thiab khaws cia lub zog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv. Rau qhov txhaj tshuaj-peened Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy annealedat 650 ◦C hauv txoj kev tshawb no, Daim duab 5a qhia tau hais tias lub morphology ntawm txheej txheej nthuav tawm ib qho cim txawv ntawm cov matrix, uas tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm reversemartensitic transformation, rov qab, thiab recrystallization nyob rau hauv txheej txheej thaum lub sij hawm annealing. Qhov no qhia txog kev kho kom zoo ntawm microstructure tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab annealing.
Raws li qhov kub ntawm annealing nce, tus nqi ntawm recrystallization ntawm txheej saum npoo tau nce (Daim duab 5a, c). Cov nplej me me recrystallized tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv txheej txheej ntawm cov qauv annealed ntawm 850 ◦C. EBSD cov duab ntawm cov txheej txheej ntawm cov qauv annealed ntawm 850 ◦C yog pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 6a, b. Vim hais tias ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tus cwj pwm recrystallization, cov nplej ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg A, B, C, thiab D maj mam loj dua asthe qhov tob ntawm qhov txhaj tshuaj-peened nto nce.
Qhov nruab nrab grain loj ntawm sab saum toj surfacelayer A nrog qhov tob ntawm kwv yees li 30 µm yog kwv yees li 1.7 µm, uas yog ntau me dua li ntawm cov qauv tov. Qhov nruab nrab grain loj ntawm txheej B nce mus txog 2.7 µm.
Muaj ntau cov nplej nrog loj loj hauv txheej C thiab D, tab sis cov ntsiab lus nplej tseem me me. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov qoob loo thoob plaws plaub txheej yog suav nrog hauv daim duab 6c, uas qhia txog qhov loj me me.
Lub caij no, muaj ntau qhov kev sib tw ntxaib tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov qauv txhaj tshuaj peened, thiab tom qab ntawd annealed ntawm 850 ◦C (Daim duab 6a).
Daim duab qhia chaw ntawm ∑3 ntxaib ciam teb yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 6b, qhia tias qhov ceev ntawm ntxaib ciam teb yog loj heev nyob rau hauv lub nto txheej thiab txo qis nrog qhov tob. Qhov ceev ntawm ntxaib ciam teb nyob rau hauv lub matrix yog piv rau cov uas yog cov tshuaj tov uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab 4b.
3.3. Khoom
Daim duab 7 qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib piv thiab qhov rov ua kom rov zoo ntawm cov qauv kev daws teeb meem. Cov duab rov qab piv tau txo qis los ntawm 83.1% mus rau 35.2% thaum qhov kev txwv tau nce los ntawm 2% mus rau 8% thiab cov kev sib raug zoo rov qab los ntawm 0.67% mus rau 1.97%.
Cov duab nco zoo tom qab txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab annealing ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog qhia hauv daim duab 8. Cov duab rov qab piv tau pom tias yog 78.5% ntawm 4% pre-strain rau cov qauv annealed ntawm 850 ◦C, thiab nws tuaj yeem nce mus rau 92.5. % nrog a650 ◦C annealing kub.
Cov qauv rov qab zoo li no tseem ceeb dua li cov qauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm 4% ua ntej hom. Cov duab rov qab tau txo qis nrog kev txwv tsis pub nce ntxiv tshwj tsis yog ntawm 10% ua ntej-strain rau cov qauv annealed ntawm 750 ◦C thiab 850 ◦C.
Daim duab 8b qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov duab rov zoo nrog kev txwv. Nws zoo nkaus li tias qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov kev rov qab los tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, txawm hais tias qhov kub ntawm 650 ◦C annealing qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua me ntsis.
Cov kab mob rov qab tuaj yeem nce los ntawm kwv yees li 1.5% mus rau 3.8% raws li kev txwv nce los ntawm 4% mus rau 10%, uas yog siab dua li ntawm cov tshuaj tov ntawm tib qho kev txwv.
Piv nrog rau cov qauv kev daws teeb meem, cov qauv rov qab zoo li qub thiab qhov rov ua kom rov zoo tau pom 61% thiab 24% nce ntxiv, feem, ntawm 4% ua ntej-strain rau cov qauv txhaj tshuaj thiab tom qab annealed ntawm 650 ◦C.
Cov kev nce ntxiv no tau nce mus txog 67% thiab 44%, feem, thaum qhov kev txwv tau nce mus rau 8%. Cov txiaj ntsig ntsuas tau pom tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab annealing ua tau zoo txhim kho cov nyhuv zoo ntawm Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy. Cov yas deformation hnyav tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txheej txheej thaum lub alloys raug txhaj tshuaj peening. Kev ntxhov siab vim yog martensitictransformation, twinning, thiab dislocation slip ua rau cov yas deformation.
Yog li ntawd, reverse martensitic transformation, rov qab, recrystallization, thiab txawm secondaryrecrystallization yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm annealing. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, ib tug zoo microstructurecan raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub nto txheej, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 5 thiab 6a.
Nws tau raug pom tias grain refinement tuaj yeem txhim kho cov duab nco zoo vim tias cov ciam teb tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau niam txiv theem thiab cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm martensite hauv kev sib txawv [28]. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub 0-martensite tau qhia thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tseem nyob tom qab annealing hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Lub xub ntiag ntawm 0-martensite yog xav tias yuav txo qis qhov nro mus tas li thaum lub sij hawm prestraining vim nws lub zog tawm los ntau dua piv nrog cov -austenite; Yog li, qhov siab dua ntawm cov duab rov qab tuaj yeem tau txais [27].
Ntxiv mus, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias 0-martensite qhia siv cov thermomechanical kev kho mob tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntawm ε-martensite bands sib txawv thiab ua rau cov bands tsim nyob rau hauv adomain-specific yam thaum lub sij hawm deformation, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cim xeeb zoo [25].Qhov kev tshawb fawb no siv txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab annealing los ua cov Fe-24Mn-6Si9Cr-6Ni alloy.
Microstructure refinement thiab 0-martensite tau pom nyob rau hauv cov qauv tom qab txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab annealing. Lawv cov duab rov qab piv thiab recoverystrain txhim kho tau zoo dua piv nrog cov qauv daws teeb meem.
Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias kev txhaj tshuaj peening yog lub peev xwm thev naus laus zis los txhim kho cov duab nco zoo ntawm Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni alloys. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntxaws ntxaws ntawm microstructure evolution, theem kev hloov pauv, thiab kev txhim kho cov duab cim xeeb tseem tsis meej, xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.
4. Cov lus xaus
(1) Lub 0-martensite tau qhia hauv Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy thaum tua thiab tseem nyob tom qab annealing. Tus nqi ntawm 0-martensite ntawm cov txheej txheej saum npoo tau nce thaum qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 650 ◦C txog 850 ◦C.
(2) Lub microstructure ntawm txheej txheej saum npoo tau ua kom zoo dua tom qab txhaj tshuaj peening thiab tom qab nealing. Tus nqi ntawm recrystallization ntawm txheej txheej tau nce nrog qhov kub thiab txias.
(3) Piv nrog rau cov qauv kev daws teeb meem, cov duab rov qab piv thiab rov ua kom rov zoo li qub tau nce ntxiv rau Fe-24Mn-6Si-9Cr-6Ni alloy tom qab txhaj tshuaj thiab tom qab annealing.
Sau Kev Koom Tes: Kev Tsim Nyog, HY thiab YW; methodology, HY, thiab YW; formalanalysis, HY, WY, thiab YW; kev tshawb nrhiav, WY, XD, thiab MZ; cov peev txheej, HY; sau ntawv-originaldraft npaj, HY; sau-saib thiab kho, HY thiab YW; kev saib xyuas, HY; projectadministration, HY; Kev nrhiav nyiaj txiag, HY Txhua tus kws sau ntawv tau nyeem thiab pom zoo rau kev luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv sau.
Cov Nyiaj Txiag: Qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm Shaanxi Xeev ntawm Tuam Tshoj, tus lej xov tooj 2020JQ-676, thiab los ntawm Shaanxi Key Laboratory ntawm Nano Materials thiab Technology.
Institutional Review Board Statement: Tsis siv tau.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Pom Zoo: Tsis siv tau.
Cov Lus Qhia Muaj Cov Ntaub Ntawv: Tsis siv tau.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txaus siab: Cov neeg sau ntawv tshaj tawm tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm kev txaus siab.
Cov ntaub ntawv
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