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Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab thiab kev paub txog kev txhim kho kev ua ub no ntawm cov tsoos suav tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche

Dongfang Wang, 1 Haizhen Wang, 2 thiab Li Gu2

1State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Lub koom haum ntawm Aquatic Economic Tsiaj thiab Guangdong Xeev Lub Tuam Txhab Tseem Ceeb rau Cov Tsiaj Txhu Dej, Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Lub Neej Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Suav

2 Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Suav teb

Cov ntawv xov xwm yuav tsum tau hais rau Li Gu; Tau txais 20 Lub Ob Hlis 2017; Hloov kho 11 Tsib Hlis 2017; Tau txais 28 Tsib Hlis 2017; Published 28 June 2017 Academic Editor: Ki-Wan Oh Copyright © 2017 Dongfang Wang et al. Qhov no yog ib tsab xov xwm qhib nkag tau muab faib raws li Creative Commons Attribution License, uas tso cai rau kev siv tsis txwv, kev faib tawm, thiab luam tawm hauv ib qho nruab nrab, yog tias cov haujlwm qub raug suav hais tias yog. Ntau tshaj li kaum feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov tib neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tsawg kawg ib ntu ntawm kev nyuaj siab thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws cuam tshuam hauv lub neej, thiab kev nyuaj siab thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws yog ib qho teeb meem loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Ib txoj kev xav ntau lub cev tuav tau tias kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm ntau lub tshuab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nyuaj siab thiab cuam tshuam txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, thiab cov kev kho tshiab raws li ntau txoj kev xav ntawm qhov system dysregulation yog qhov xav tau sai. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, antidepressant nyhuv ntawm decoction los ntawm tshuaj ntsuabCistanchedeserticolaYCMa thiab Cistanchetubulosatau tshuaj xyuas. Tshuaj ntsuabCistanchedecoction txo lub sij hawm immobility heev nyob rau hauv tus nas tail ncua kev kawm ntawv. Cov nas kho nrog tshuaj ntsuab decoction tau pom tias muaj peev xwm txhim kho qhov kev kawm thiab kev nco hauv Morris dej tshawb nrhiav. Cov pab pawg kho cov tshuaj ntsuab decoction tso tawm qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj monoamine oxidase (MAO); dopamine (DA) concentration nyob rau hauv lub hlwb yog upregulated, qhia tshuaj ntsuabCistanchedecoction txhim kho cov hlab ntsha excitability; cov ntshav concentration ntawm corticosterone (CORT) tau raug txo qis, qhia tias cov nas tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txo qis kev ntxhov siab. Li no, antidepressant kev ua tau zoo thiab mechanism ntawm cov tsoosSuavtshuaj ntsuabCistanchetau tshawb nrhiav hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no. Tshuaj ntsuabCistancheqhia tau tias muaj peev xwm tsim tau los ua ib qho ntxiv thiab lwm txoj kev kho rau kev nyuaj siab.

Tiv thaiv Alzheimer's kab mob nrog cistanche

1. Taw qhia

Kev nyuaj siab thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws cuam tshuam nrog kev kwv yees li ntawm 12 txog 17 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov pej xeem muaj tsawg kawg ib ntu hauv lub neej, yog cov ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab raug suav tias yog ib qho teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thoob ntiaj teb.[1].Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kev nyuaj siab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tsis nco qab, teeb meem kev xav, tsis muaj zog lossis qaug zog, tsis txaus siab lossis txaus siab rau kev nyiam ua haujlwm, nyuaj pw tsaug zog, sawv ntxov sawv ntxov, lossis pw tsaug zog ntau dhau. Txawm hais tias cov neural substrates rau kev txawv txav hauv kev nyuaj siab thiab lwm yam mob tsis meej, nws feem ntau lees txais tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm neuroplasticity thiab cellular resilience ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nyuaj siab thiab kev kho kom zoo yuav nyob ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm qib neurotransmitter.[2]. Txoj hauv kev rau kev siv tshuaj kho kev nyuaj siab yog qhov pib raws li classic monoamine system

hypothesis, uas hais tias dysregulation ntawm monoamines tshwj xeeb tshaj yog serotonin (5-HT) thiab norepinephrine (NE) pab txhawb rau kev nyuaj siab pathogenesis, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov neurotransmitter system nrog dopamine agonists thiab dopamine-noradrenergic modulators yuav alleviate cov tsos mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab loj. tsis meej [3]. Txawm hais tias tau hais dav dav, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav qab zib tau zoo yog cov lus nug thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob tsis teb rau cov kev tswj hwm monoamine [4]. Tsis ntev los no, cov kev xav tshiab ntawm kev nyuaj siab pathogenesis qhia tau hais tias ntau lub tshuab, suav nrog txoj hauv kev inflammatory, txoj kev oxidative kev nyuaj siab, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, metabolic thiab bioenergetics system, neurotrophic txoj hauv kev, glutamate system, opioid system, thiab cov kab mob cholinergic, zoo sib xws nrog kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim [3]. Cov pov thawj qhia tau hais tias ntau lub hom phiaj kev cuam tshuam ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li ib qho kev cuam tshuam ib leeg [5]. Cov kev kho tshiab raws li ntau qhov kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm txoj kev xav tau sai sai.

Cov khoom lag luam tshuaj ntsuab tau tshaj tawm tau siv ntau dua li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas[6];kev txaus siab thiab xav tau tshuaj ntsuab lossis tshuaj ntsuab raws li ib txoj hauv kev kho kev nyuaj siab tau loj hlob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Ntau cov nroj tsuag kho mob tau pom los ua kom pom kev nyuaj siab-relieving txiaj ntsig. Cov tshuaj ntsuab uas tau tshaj tawm tias muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab thiab txhim kho kev txawj ntse muaj xws li hiav txwv buckthorn [7], Ginkgo biloba[8], Piper nigrum[9], Hypericum perforatum [10], Griffonia simplicifolia[11]. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ferulic acid thiab piperine tau pom muaj kev sib koom ua ke los tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab zoo li cov nas los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov kab ke monoaminergic.[7]. Albiflorin yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev xaiv siab rau cov neurotransmitter receptors thiab transporters thiab ua rau muaj zog ntxiv ntawm cov cellular ntau ntxiv ntawm 5-HT thiab NE hauv hypothalamus ntawm cov nas txav dawb[12]. Ib qho tshuaj ntsuab kho mob Melissa officinalis L. txo qis tus cwj pwm kev nyuaj siab ntawm nas los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qib serotonergic neurotransmitter.[13].Cov tshuaj ntsuab lossis decoctions, tsim los ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev nyuaj siab, pab txo cov tsos mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab thiab muab qhov chaw tshiab rau kev txhim kho tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab. Tshuaj ntsuabCistanchehom, muab faib rau hauv cov av qhuav thiab cov suab puam sab qaum teb ntawm Tuam Tshoj, yog cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj thiab dav siv los kho ntau yam kab mob rau ntau tshaj 1,000 xyoo hauv Suav teb. Ntau yam kev siv tshuaj ntsuabCistanchedecoction ntau ntawm aphrodisiac [14], tiv thaiv kab mob[15], Antioxidative [16] thiab hepatoprotective [16]17] khoom. C. deserticola decoctions induce lub testicular steroidogenic enzymes [18], txhawb noov erectile teb, thiab ua kom lub sij hawm latency ntawm erectile cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv castrated nas [19]. Tshuaj ntsuabCistanchetau tshaj tawm tias inhibit qhov kev ua ntawm dopaminergic neurons los ntawm kev tswj cov inhibitory apoptosis noob thiab neurotrophic yam [20]. C.tubulosadecoctions kho qhov kev paub tsis meej tshwm sim los ntawm A� 1-42 los ntawm kev thaiv cov amyloid deposition thiab revived lub cholinergic thiab hippocampal dopaminergic neuronal muaj nuj nqi [21]. Cov cuab yeej neuroprotective ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche implies qhov kho muaj peev xwm hauv kev paub txog kab mob. Kev nyuaj siab yog ib hom kev sib xyaw ntawm kev xav nrog kev nco qab thiab kev paub tsis meej raws li cov tsos mob tshwm sim [22]. Tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche feem ntau yog siv los ua tshuaj suav tshuaj los kho qhov tsis nco qab; Tsis tas li ntawd, ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no qhia tau hais tias cov neeg laus pib thaum ntxov ntawm cov pob kws ntxiv nrog C.tubulosamuaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhawb nqa lub neej ntev thiab olfactory-associated kawm thiab kev nco txhim kho hauv cov qauv nonvertebrate Drosophila [23]. Cov lus tseeb no qhia txog kev paub txog kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej ntawm tshuaj ntsuabCistanche; ntawm no hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no, thawj zaug, peb qhia txog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab nws txoj kev sib raug zoo rau kev paub txog kev txhim kho hauv cov qauv tsiaj los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov kab ke monoamine thiab HPA axis. Illuminating cov cuab yeej antidepressant thiab ua ntej mechanism ntawm tshuaj ntsuabCistanchetuaj yeem nthuav dav daim ntawv thov spectrum ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche, uas tuaj yeem tsim los ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev nyuaj siab.

2. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem

1.1. Cog Khoom thiab Decoction Kev Npaj. C. deserticola YCMa tau txais los ntawm Nei Mongol Autonomous Region, Tuam Tshoj; C.tubulosatau txais los ntawm Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Tuam Tshoj. Ua ntej decoction, cov tshuaj ntsuab (C. deserticola YCMa los yog C. tubulosa) raug tshuaj xyuas kom paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm echinacoside thiab verbascoside siv HPLC (kev ua haujlwm siab ua kua chromatography) (Milford, MA, Waters, USA), thiab cov khoom tsim nyog (raws li mus rau Pharmacopoeia ntawm Tib Neeg Lub Tebchaws Tuam Tshoj) tau siv rau kev sim tsiaj. Cov decoction tau txais los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov dej vaporing tsim los ntawm Food and Health Engineering Research Center of State Education Ministry, Sun Yat-sen University. Qhuav Cistanche deserticola YCMa ntawm 125 g yog smashed thiab sieved los ntawm 120-mesh screen thiab ces cov hmoov yog yaj nyob rau hauv 3 L ultrapure dej, rhuab.

ntawm 100∘C rau 2 h, ces txias mus rau chav tsev kub, thiab sieved; tus supernatant tau rov siv dua. Tom qab ntawd cov sediment tau yaj hauv 2 L ultrapure dej thiab tom qab ntawd rhaub rau 1.5 teev thiab txias raws li tau hais los saum toj no kom rov ua dua lub supernatant; Tom qab ntawd cov sediment tau siv los rov ua dua cov supernatant. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov supernatant yog enriched los ntawm rotary nqus evaporators ntawm 60∘C; Thaum kawg, cov tshuaj crude concentration tau teem li 0.5 g / ml thiab cov khoom raug khaws cia ntawm −20∘C.

1.2. Echinacoside thiab Verbascoside Assay los ntawm HPLC Analy-sis. HPLC (high-performance kua chromatography) tau siv los ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov ntsuas ntawm echinacoside thiab verbascoside; verbascoside (purity> 93 feem pua) thiab echinacoside (purity> 93 feem pua) tau yuav los ntawm National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China) thiab siv raws li tus qauv tswj.

1.3. Kev Saib Xyuas Tsiaj Tsiaj thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo. Cov khoom siv me me yog SPF (tsis muaj kab mob tshwj xeeb) txiv neej Kunming nas hnyav 21∼25 grams, muab los ntawm Lub Chaw Kho Mob Kev Tshawb Fawb Tsiaj ntawm Guangdong Xeev. Cov tsiaj nyob hauv lub tawb yas (kaum ib lub tawb); Qhov chaw ib puag ncig tau teeb tsa xws li hauv qab no: av noo 40∼70 feem pua, chav sov 21 ± 1∘C, thiab 12 h: 12 h lub sijhawm tsaus ntuj. Txhua qhov kev sim tsiaj tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees Tsiaj ntawm Sun Yat-sen University.

1.4. Tail Suspension Test. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tus Tsov tus tw tau ua tiav raws li cov txheej txheem piav qhia los ntawm Cryan li al. [24] nrog kev hloov me ntsis. Luv luv, nyob rau hnub 21, cov nas raug tshem tawm los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw siv cov hlau nplaum uas khi los ntawm nylon catheter, nrog lub taub hau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 50 hli los ntawm hauv pem teb. Cov nas tau dai rau ntawm tus nuv ntawm cov nplaum nplaum 10∼20 mm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm nws tus Tsov tus tw thiab raug cais acoustic thiab visually cais los ntawm clapboards. Lub cev txav ntawm tus nas raug kaw thiab kev ua pa ua pa tsis pom zoo. Ua ntej hnub ntawm qhov kev sim, cov nas raug ncua rau 8 min rau kev hloov pauv.

1.5. Morris Water Maze Test. Cov dej tshawb nrhiav tau ua tiav raws li kev piav qhia ntawm Vorhees li al. [25–27] siv cov cuab yeej tsim los ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Kho Mob Sciences. Lub pas dej ua ke (150 cm txoj kab uas hla) ntim nrog dej (26

± 1∘C; rim qhov siab (qhov deb dej ntawm phab ntsa: 10 cm)

Table 1: Cov ntsiab lus ntawm echinacoside thiab verbascoside nyob rau hauv cov hmoov thiab decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCma thiab C.tubulosa.

tau siv, ncig cawm platform (inch: 11 cm; nrug

Cov qauv

ECH feem pua ​​VerBS feem pua ​​​​ntawm lub platform chaw taw tes thiab pas dej ua ke phab ntsa: 27 cm) tau submerged 1-1.5 cm hauv qab dej saum npoo av, thiab qhov chaw kuaj tau teeb pom kev tsis ncaj (50 ± 10 lux) kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam. Plaub qhov chaw pib tau siv, N, S, E, thiab W. Rau qhov kev xeem spatial kawm, tsiaj tau raug cob qhia txhua hnub rau hnub 9–11 ntawm qhov chaw pib ruaj. Lub sijhawm khiav tawm latency yog ntsuas los ua kom pom qhov chaw nco thiab kev kawm muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nas. Yog tias nas nrhiav tsis tau lossis nce mus rau lub platform, cov nas yuav raug coj mus rau lub platform thiab nyob twj ywm rau 10 s. Tom qab so rau 60s, kev cob qhia tom ntej yuav pib. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm qhov xeem qhov kev kawm spatial kawg tau siv los ua tus nqi tsim nyog rau molding. Hnub tim 23-28, qhov chaw ntsuam xyuas thiab kev soj ntsuam spatial tau ua tiav. Qhov chaw navigation xeem tau kav ntev li 6 hnub thiab raug coj thaum 1 teev tsaus ntuj, cov tsiaj tau muab tso rau hauv dej nrog lawv lub taub hau tig mus rau phab ntsa pas dej ua ke, thiab lub sijhawm latency (hauv 2 min) tau sau tseg. Tom qab qhov chaw navigation xeem ua tiav, lub platform raug tshem tawm. Cov nas tau muab tso rau hauv dej nrog lawv lub taub hau tig rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub pas dej ntawm qhov chaw tsis sib xws, thiab txoj kev taug kev thiab qhov zaus uas cov nas swam hla qhov chaw ntawm lub platform tsis pub dhau 2 feeb. Txoj kev taug kev taug kev tau kaw los ntawm ntau lub suab kaw suab ntawm nas (YLS-1A, Yiyan Technology, Jinan, Suav).

echinacoside hauv cistanche

1.6. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm MAO. MAO kev ua haujlwm tau ntsuas los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv tshawb nrhiav MAO (A034, Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, Tuam Tshoj), thiab kev kuaj pom tau ua tiav raws li cov chaw tsim khoom raws tu qauv. Homogenate los ntawm lub paj hlwb tau txais; 500 �l yog tov nrog 300 �l ntawm tus neeg sawv cev 1 thiab 300 �l ntawm tus neeg sawv cev 2, incubated rau 3 h ntawm 37 ∘C, thiab tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv nrog 300 �l, ntawm Agent 3, 3 ml ntawm Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas 4, thiab vortex rau 2 min. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw yog centrifuged ntawm 3,{16}} rpm rau 10 min, thiab qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov supernatant tau txiav txim siab los ntawm ultraviolet thiab pom spectrum spectrophotometer (Lambda 25, PerkinElmer, USA) siv 242 nm excitation light.

1.7. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ntawm Neurotransmitters thiab ACTH thiab CORT. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kuaj cov khoom siv rau dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), thiab 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) tau yuav los ntawm BLUE GENE, Shanghai. ELISA cov khoom siv tshawb nrhiav tau yuav los ntawm Qiyun Biotech, Guangzhou.

Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no: qhov kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Coated lub qhov dej ntawm PVC microtiter phaj nrog rau kev ntes cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 1-10 �g / mL concentration hauv carbonate / bicarbonate tsis (pH 9.6). kaw lub phaj thiab incubate hmo ntuj ntawm 4∘C; ntxuav lub phaj nrog PBS / tween 3 zaug, thiab cov chaw tsis tshwj xeeb khi yog thaiv los ntawm Thaiv Kev daws; ces ntxuav lub phaj nrog PBS / tween 3 zaug. Cov qauv thiab cov qauv yog diluted nyob rau hauv Blocking Solution thiab 100 �l ntxiv rau lub qhov dej ntawm lub phaj, thiab lub phaj yog kaw thiab incubated ntawm 37∘C rau 1 h. Ntxiv 100 �l diluted detection antibody thiab incubate lub phaj ntawm

C. deserticola hmoov 1.27 ± 0 009 0.52 ± 0.003

C. tubulosahmoov 19.81 ± 0 66 2.45 ± 0.12

C. deserticola decoction {{0}}.90 ± 0.001 0.20 ± 0.001 C.tubulosadecoction 5.90 ± 0 12 0.54 ± 0.05 Echinacoside, ECH; phenylethanoid glycosides, PeGs; verbascoside, VerBS.

37 ∘C rau 1 h; ntxuav lub phaj nrog PBS / Tween 3 zaug. Ntxiv 50 �l xim kev daws teeb meem thiab khaws lub phaj kom deb ntawm lub teeb thiab incubate nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub rau 15 min; 50 �l nres buffer ntxiv kom nres cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm qhov muag pom (OD) rau txhua qhov dej nrog tus nyeem ntawv microplate rau 405 nm hauv 30 min.

1.8. Kev txheeb cais. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau sawv cev raws li qhov txhais tau tias ± SEM (tus qauv kev ua yuam kev ntawm qhov nruab nrab), qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm t-test lossis ib-txoj kev ANOVA ua raws li Duncan ntau qhov kev xeem siv SPSS 16.0, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg nrog � < 0.05="" raug="" suav="" hais="" tias="" yog="" qhov="" tseem="">

2. Cov txiaj ntsig

2.1. Kev txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb Bioactive hauv C. deserticola YCMa thiab C.tubulosaCov qauv. Cov phenylethanoid glycosides xws li echinacoside thiab verbascoside feem ntau suav hais tias yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb bioactive; li no cov ntsiab lus ntawm echinacoside thiab verbascoside nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si C. deserticola YCma thiab C.tubulosacov qauv raug txiav txim los ntawm HPLC. HPLC chromatograms tau pom hauv daim duab1, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm phenylethanoid glycosides los ntawm C. deserticola YCma yog kwv yees li ob zaug ntawm C. tubulosa. Echinacoside thiab verbascoside hnyav, raws li, tus account rau 1.27 ± 0 009 feem pua ​​thiab {{10}}.52 ± 0.003 feem pua ​​ntawm cov hmoov npaj los ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab 19.81 ± 0.66 feem pua ​​thiab 2.45 ± 0.12 feem pua ​​ntawm cov hmoov npaj los ntawm C.tubulosa. Echinacoside thiab verbascoside hnyav, raws li, tus account rau {{0}}.90 ± 0.{{10}}01 feem pua ​​thiab 0.20 ± 0.001%.tubulosa(Table1).

2.2. Decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa Alleviated The Stress and Depression Level. Tail suspension test (TST) yog ib txoj hauv kev sai thiab classic los ntsuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nas [24]; Hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no, cov xwm txheej tsis muaj zog, tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv thiab tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev raug tshem tawm los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw, tau siv los ua qhov zoo rau kev xav txog kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov nas. Peb tau kuaj xyuas seb decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C.tubulosatuaj yeem thim rov qab qhov immobility thiab txhawb qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev khiav tawm ntawm tus cwj pwm. Piv nrog rau cov pab pawg tswj, lub sij hawm immobility ntawm pab pawg neeg kev ntxhov siab tau nce 27.4 feem pua; piv rau kev ntxhov siab

Daim duab 1: HPLC chromatographic profile ntawm phenylethanoid glycosides los ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa hmoov. Peaks 1 thiab 2 sawv cev rau echinacoside thiab verbascoside, feem.

Daim duab 2: Cov nyhuv ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa decoctions ntawm immobility lub sij hawm ntawm tail suspension nas nyob rau hauv 5 min. Tom qab hloov kho, cov pab pawg sim tau muab tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction los ntawm gavage rau 21 hnub thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw thiab lub zog tau saib xyuas hauv 5 min tom qab raug tshem tawm; txhua pab pawg muaj 10 nas. L, M, thiab H, feem, sawv cev qis, nruab nrab, thiab siab; CD thiab CT, feem, sawv cev

C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa decoction. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau sawv cev raws li txhais tau tias ± SEM; P< 0.05="" was="" considered="" as="" significantly="" different="" and="" was="" marked="" as="">

pab pawg,

pab pawg, cov pab pawg kho nrog nruab nrab, siab concentration ntawm C. deserticola YCMa tshuaj ntsuab decoction tau pom qhov txo qis ntawm immobility lub sij hawm txhua los ntawm 44.1 feem pua ​​thiab 56.1 feem pua; cov pab pawg kho nrog nruab nrab, siab concentration ntawm

C. tubulosa tshuaj ntsuab decoction tau pom qhov txo qis ntawm lub sijhawm tsis muaj zog ntawm txhua qhov los ntawm 41.9 feem pua ​​thiab 47.7 feem pua ​​(Daim duab2). Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tias decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCma thiab C.tubulosatuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov nas, thiab C. deserticola YCma decoction tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li C.tubulosadecoction.

1.1. Decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa Txhim kho qhov kev kawm Spatial thiab nco txog nas. Cov neeg (ob leeg hluas thiab cov laus) muaj kev nyuaj siab nyuaj siab

rau kev txom nyem kev kawm [28]; decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C.tubulosatau ua pov thawj los txo cov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab; Tom qab ntawd peb tau xaiv los soj ntsuam seb qhov decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev kawm spatial thiab nco los ntawm kev siv Morris dej maze qauv, uas tau siv dav hauv kev ntsuas kev kawm spatial thiab nco ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb muaj feem xyuam.[29]. Txoj kev taug kev tau muab faib ua plaub thaum lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav latency; txoj kab ncaj nraim qhia cov nas taw qhia txog kev cawm lub platform txoj hauj lwm, ib qho kev nyiam trajectory qhia tau hais tias cov nas tau nthuav tawm ib qho kev taw qhia txoj cai, thiab cov edgy hom trajectory pom tias cov nas yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm kawm thaum ntxov los yog raug kev txom nyem los ntawm dementia, sim ua. nrhiav lub hom phiaj qhov chaw raws li kev xav; random searching trajectory qhia tau hais tias nas muaj peev xwm tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov chaw thiab tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw aimlessly. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais raws li cov txheej txheem.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa decoctions ntawm qhov chaw kawm thiab kev nco muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nas ntxhov siab yog qhia hauv daim duab3. Tom qab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tus Tsov tus tw, cov nas pom tau tias lub sij hawm latency ntev heev. Piv nrog rau pawg kev ntxhov siab, cov nas kho mob nruab nrab, ntau npaum li cas C. deserticola YCMa thiab qis, siab ntau npaum C. tubulosa decoction pom lub sijhawm luv latency; qhov zaus uas nas swam lub zais platform yog upregulated ho nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg kho nrog nruab nrab, siab npaum li cas C. deserticola YCma decoction. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau tias cov nas ntxhov siab tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev tswj hwm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction thiab nthuav tawm kev txhim kho hauv kev kawm spatial thiab nco.

1.2. Decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C.tubulosaDown-regulated Monoamine Oxidase Activity. MAO catalyzes oxidative deamination ntawm amines xws li tyramine, catecholamine, thiab 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) nyob rau hauv lub hlwb thiab peripheral cov ntaub so ntswg; inhibition ntawm MAO kev ua ub no ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab [30]. Peb nrhiav kev piav qhia txog cov nyhuv antidepressant los ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C.tubulosa; ces qhov kev ua MAO hauv lub hlwb raug txiav txim. Tom qab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tus Tsov tus tw raug tshem tawm, MAO kev ua haujlwm tau raug kho kom zoo; MAO kev ua haujlwm hauv cov pab pawg tau kho nrog tus Tsov tus tw ncua thiab tom qab ntawd ua raws li qhov nruab nrab, ntau npaum li cas

Daim duab 3: Cov nyhuv ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C.tubulosadecoctions ntawm qhov chaw kawm thiab kev nco muaj peev xwm ntawm kev txwv kev ntxhov siab rau nas. Tom qab hloov kho, cov pab pawg sim tau muab tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction los ntawm gavage rau 21 hnub thiab tom qab ntawd sim nrog

R. Morris dej maze rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev kawm spatial thiab nco. L, M, thiab H, feem, sawv cev qis, nruab nrab, thiab siab; CD thiab CT, feem, sawv cev C. deserticola YCma thiab C.tubulosadecoction. "#" thiab "∗" txhua tus sawv cev P< 0.05="" and="" p="" <="">

Daim duab 4: Cov nyhuv ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa decoctions ntawm lub hlwb monoamine oxidase (MAO) kev ua ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ncua kev nyuab siab nas. Tom qab hloov kho, cov pab pawg sim tau muab tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction los ntawm gavage rau 21 hnub thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw rau 5 min, txhua pab pawg muaj 10 nas, thiab cov nas tau txi rau sau cov paj hlwb. thiab siv rau kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm MAO. L, M, thiab H, feem, sawv cev qis, nruab nrab, thiab siab; CD thiab CT, feem, sawv cev C. deserticola YCma thiab C. tubulosa decoction. P= 10; tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau sawv cev raws li txhais tau tias ± SEM; P <0.05 tau="" suav="" tias="" yog="" qhov="" sib="" txawv="" loj="" thiab="" raug="" cim="" tias="">

ib decoction los ntawm C. deserticola YCma pom qhov poob qis los ntawm kwv yees li 13.9 feem pua ​​​​∼12.3 feem pua ​​; MAO kev ua haujlwm hauv cov pab pawg tau kho nrog tus Tsov tus tw raug tshem tawm thiab tom qab ntawd ntau npaum li cas decoction los ntawm C. tubulosa pom qhov poob qis los ntawm 13.2 feem pua ​​(Daim duab4).Cov ntaub ntawv tau nthuav tawm tias decoction los ntawm ob qho tib si C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm MAO thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cov nyhuv thiab decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCma tau pom tias muaj kev ua tau zoo dua li ntawm C. tubulosa.

1.1. Kev tswj hwm ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa Decoction tau tshwm sim hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Central Dopamine Concentration thiab downregulation ntawm Serum Corticosterone Concentration. Qib ntawm DA thiab NE hauv lub

Daim duab 5: Cov nyhuv ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa decoctions ntawm lub hlwb neurotransmitter theem ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ncua kev ntxhov siab nas. Tom qab hloov kho, cov pab pawg sim tau muab tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction los ntawm gavage rau 21 hnub thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw rau 5 min, txhua pab pawg muaj 10 nas, thiab cov nas tau txi rau sau cov ntaub so ntswg hauv hlwb thiab siv rau lub hlwb neurotransmitter. qib ntsuas. L, M, thiab H, feem, sawv cev qis, nruab nrab, thiab siab; CD thiab CT, feem, sawv cev C. deserticola YCma thiab C. tubulosa decoction. P= 10; tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau sawv cev raws li txhais tau tias ± SEM; P< 0.05="" was="" considered="" as="" significantly="" different="" and="" was="" marked="" as="">

nruab nrab

Lub hauv paus paj hlwb tau ntsuas los txiav txim siab cov hlab ntsha excitability. Tom qab 4 lub lis piam ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ncua kev xeem, piv rau cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm pawg, DA theem ntawm pab pawg kho mob me me C. deserticola YCma tau upregulated ho ntau los ntawm 43.5 feem pua; qib DA ntawm pab pawg tau kho nrog cov koob tshuaj nruab nrab C. tubulosa tau nce siab, ib yam nkaus (Daim duab5(a)). Cov theem ntawm NE tau raug kho me ntsis hauv cov pab pawg kho nrog cov tshuaj decoction ntawm ob qho tshuaj ntsuab piv rau pawg kev ntxhov siab, thiab tsis pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (Daim duab5(b)).Cov txiaj ntsig no tuaj yeem piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem molecular ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), polypeptide hormone tsim thiab tso tawm los ntawm cov qog pituitary anterior pituitary, txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm glucocorticosteroid los ntawm kev ua ntawm adrenal cortex, zona fasciculata [31]; corticosterone, ib qho tshuaj steroid uas tsim los ntawm cortex ntawm cov qog adrenal, koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog xws li kev txhawb zog, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev ntxhov siab.32], yog li peb tau xaiv los kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tshuaj ntsuab decoction ntawm HPA axis. Thiab ACTH thiab corticosterone concentration hauv cov ntshav tau ntsuas. Tom qab 4 lub lis piam ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ncua kev xeem, ACTH thiab corticosterone concentration ntawm pawg kev ntxhov siab tau raug kho kom zoo (Daim duab6).Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction kho cov pab pawg piv rau pawg kev ntxhov siab (Daim duab6(a)).Piv nrog rau pawg kev ntxhov siab, cov corticosterone cov ntshav concentration ntawm cov pab pawg kho mob nruab nrab, ntau npaum li cas C. deserticola YCma decoction yog downregulated ho; corticosterone concentration ntawm pab pawg kho nrog ntau npaum li cas C. tubulosa yog downregulated tab sis tsis mus rau ib tug tseem ceeb statistical sib txawv.

(Daim duab5(b)).Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias decoction los ntawm ob qho tib si

C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav corticosterone cov ntshav siab thiab tuaj yeem koom nrog kev tswj hwm HPA axis, thiab decoction ntawm C. deserticola YCMa tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li ntawm C. tubulosa.

1. Kev sib tham

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, cov kev ua ub no los tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab thiab txhim kho kev nco thiab kev kawm ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche tau raug txhais, uas yuav ua rau lub teeb tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche muaj nuj nqi thiab muab cov ntsiab lus nthuav dav rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntau yam. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los qhia tau hais tias tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche yog ib qho tshuaj suav nrog ntau yam tshuaj uas muaj kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev laus, antioxidant, estrogenic, antiosteoporotic, aphrodisiac, thiab tiv thaiv kev mob tshwm sim [33]. Tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche tau raug lees paub tias yog kev kho mob raum tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj menyuam, thiab cem quav ntev (Pharmacopoeia Committee of China, 2010). Tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction yog tsim los ntawm volatile roj, nonvolatile phenylethanoid glycosides (PeGs), iridoids, lignans, alditols, oligosaccharides, thiab polysaccharides. Echinacoside thiab verbascoside feem ntau pom tias yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb bioactive [34]. Muaj plaub hom Cistanche tseem ceeb suav nrog C. deserticola YCMa, C. tubulosa, Cistanche Sinensis G. Beck, thiab Cistanche salsa var. albiflorashi et al. [35]; peb xaiv C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa ua peb tus qauv los txiav txim siab PeGs cov ntsiab lus, thiab C. deserticola YCMa muaj cov ntsiab lus siab dua ntawm PeGs (Daim duab1), uas yuav piav qhia txog qhov ua tau zoo dua ntawm C. deserticola YCMa. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb bioactive txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche.

Daim duab 6: Cov nyhuv ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa decoctions ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv cov ntshav hauv cov nas muaj zog. Tom qab hloov kho, cov pab pawg sim tau muab tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction los ntawm gavage rau 21 hnub thiab muab tshem tawm los ntawm tus Tsov tus tw rau 5 min, txhua pab pawg muaj 10 nas, thiab cov ntshav tau sau thiab siv rau kev txiav txim. ntawm cov tshuaj hormones adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH) thiab corticosterone (CORT) qib. L, M, thiab H, feem, sawv cev qis, nruab nrab, thiab siab; CD thiab CT, feem, sawv cev C. deserticola YCma thiab C. tubulosa decoction. P=10; tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau sawv cev raws li txhais tau tias ± SEM; P <0.05 raug="" suav="" tias="" yog="" qhov="" sib="" txawv="" loj="" thiab="" raug="" cim="" tias="">

Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los qhia tias cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho cov kab mob neurodegenerative los ntawm kev tswj cov paj hlwb (NGF) hauv hippocampus nas [36,37], tab sis tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab kev paub txog kev paub txog tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche hauv cov qauv tsiaj. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction tau ua pov thawj tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntau ntxiv hauv qhov kev ntsuas tus Tsov tus tw (Daim duab2) thiab txhim kho cov kev kawm spatial thiab nco muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov dej maze qauv (Daim duab3). Lin et al. ua pov thawj tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche txhim kho lub olfactory-nco nco nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-fly qauv [23]; peb tsom peb cov kev tshawb fawb txog cov nyhuv antidepressant thiab tau txais ib qho qauv tsiaj sib txawv; Cov txiaj ntsig tau ua pov thawj tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche tau txhim kho ntau hom kev paub txog kev txawj ntse, uas yog, qhov muaj peev xwm kawm tau ntawm cov nas. Raws li txoj kev tshawb xav monoamine, qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab yog txuas nrog rau lub hlwb ntawm monoamine neurotransmitters, xws li DA, NE, 5-HT, thiab epinephrine [38]. Thiab peb pom tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction tuaj yeem ua rau MAO kev ua si (Daim duab4) thiab augment lub central DA concentration (Daim duab5(a)). Kuj ceeb tias, lub hauv paus 5-HT concentration tau downregulated los ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction kev kho mob (cov ntaub ntawv tsis qhia), vim hais tias yav dhau los kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias qhov txo qis hauv nruab nrab 5-HT kev ua si yog txuam nrog kev nyuaj siab [39]. Dysregulation ntawm hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev nyuaj siab [40], kev cuam tshuam nrog glucocorticoid receptor (GR) system ua tiav qhov kev nyuaj siab phenotype hauv nas.[41], thiab peb pom tias tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche txo cov ntshav qab zib

concentration ntawm CORT (Daim duab6(b)).Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab ke monoamine thiab HPA axis ob qho tib si pab txhawb rau cov nyhuv antidepressant ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche. echinacoside tuaj yeem hla cov ntshav-hlwb thaiv kev ywj pheej thiab ua raws li lub hauv paus paj hlwb [42], uas yuav piav qhia vim li cas cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Thawj zaug, peb qhia txog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab nws txoj kev sib raug zoo rau kev paub txog kev txhim kho kev ua ub no hauv tus qauv nas, thiab cov txheej txheem ua ntej tau tshawb nrhiav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cuab yeej tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche tsis tau qhia meej txog qib molecular, thiab kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau los piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche.

Xav tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction yog cov sib xyaw ua ke, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction exerting cov nyhuv antidepressant thiab txhawb kev kawm muaj peev xwm. Kev ntxhov siab Oxidative cuam tshuam rau ntau lub cellular zog ntawm neurons thiab overproduction ntawm reactive oxygen hom (ROS) ua rau cell puas, apoptosis, thiab tuag [4]3]. Echinacoside muab rho tawm los ntawm stems ntawm C. salsa nthuav tawm cov nyhuv neuroprotective los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm ROS thiab mitochondria-mediated apoptosis [44]; acteoside, ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog heev, tej zaum yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv neuroprotective[45]. Dhau li ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm decoction, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub xws li kev tswj kev tso tawm glycoside capsules tuaj yeem txhawb cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab decoction, vim tias cov khoom xyaw bioactive tuaj yeem zom thiab degraded los ntawm txoj hnyuv [37].

Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los qhia tias cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho cov kab mob neurodegenerative los ntawm kev tswj cov paj hlwb (NGF) hauv hippocampus nas [36,37], tab sis tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab kev paub txog kev paub txog tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche hauv cov qauv tsiaj. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction tau ua pov thawj tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus cwj pwm hauv tus Tsov tus tw raug tshem tawm (Daim duab2) thiab txhim kho cov kev kawm spatial thiab nco muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov dej maze qauv (Daim duab3). Lin et al. ua pov thawj tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche txhim kho lub olfactory-nco nco nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-fly qauv [23]; peb tsom peb cov kev tshawb fawb txog cov nyhuv antidepressant thiab tau txais ib qho qauv tsiaj sib txawv; Cov txiaj ntsig tau ua pov thawj tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche tau txhim kho ntau hom kev paub txog kev txawj ntse, uas yog, qhov muaj peev xwm kawm tau ntawm cov nas. Raws li txoj kev tshawb xav monoamine, qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab yog txuas nrog rau lub hlwb ntawm monoamine neurotransmitters, xws li DA, NE, 5-HT, thiab epinephrine [38]. Thiab peb pom tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction tuaj yeem ua rau MAO kev ua si (Daim duab4) thiab augment lub central DA concentration (Daim duab5(a)). Kuj ceeb tias, lub hauv paus 5-HT concentration tau downregulated los ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction kev kho mob (cov ntaub ntawv tsis qhia), vim hais tias yav dhau los kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias qhov txo qis hauv nruab nrab 5-HT kev ua si yog txuam nrog kev nyuaj siab [39]. Dysregulation ntawm hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev nyuaj siab [40], kev cuam tshuam nrog glucocorticoid receptor (GR) system ua tiav qhov kev nyuaj siab phenotype hauv nas.[41], thiab peb pom tias tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche txo cov ntshav qab zib

concentration ntawm CORT (Daim duab6(b)).Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab ke monoamine thiab HPA axis ob qho tib si pab txhawb rau cov nyhuv antidepressant ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche. echinacoside tuaj yeem hla cov ntshav-hlwb thaiv kev ywj pheej thiab ua raws li lub hauv paus paj hlwb [42], uas yuav piav qhia vim li cas cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Thawj thawj zaug, peb tau qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab thiab nws txoj kev sib raug zoo rau kev paub txog kev txhim kho hauv cov qauv nas, thiab cov txheej txheem ua ntej tau tshawb nrhiav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cuab yeej tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm Cistanche tsis tau qhia meej txog qib molecular, thiab kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau los piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab ntawm tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche.

Xav tias cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction yog cov sib xyaw ua ke, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab Cistanche decoction exerting cov nyhuv antidepressant thiab txhawb kev kawm muaj peev xwm. Kev ntxhov siab Oxidative cuam tshuam rau ntau lub cellular zog ntawm neurons thiab overproduction ntawm reactive oxygen hom (ROS) ua rau cell puas, apoptosis, thiab tuag [4]3]. Echinacoside muab rho tawm los ntawm stems ntawm C. salsa nthuav tawm cov nyhuv neuroprotective los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm ROS thiab mitochondria-mediated apoptosis [44]; acetonide, ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative muaj zog heev, tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau cov nyhuv neuroprotective[45]. Dhau li ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm decoction, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub xws li kev tswj kev tso tawm glycoside capsules tuaj yeem txhawb cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab decoction, vim tias cov khoom xyaw bioactive tuaj yeem zom thiab degraded los ntawm txoj hnyuv [37].

1. Cov lus xaus

Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb pom tias decoctions ntawm C. deserticola

YCMa thiab C. tubulosa tau nthuav tawm cov nyhuv antidepressant thiab txhim kho kev kawm spatial thiab kev nco muaj peev xwm hauv tus qauv nas, thiab decoctions ntawm C. deserticola YCMa thiab C. tubulosa muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau HPA axis;

C. deserticola YCma tau pom tias muaj kev ua haujlwm tshuaj muaj zog dua. C. deserticola thiab C. tubulosa tuaj yeem tuav lub peev xwm ntawm kev tsim los ua lwm txoj kev kho tshuaj rau kev nyuaj siab.

Qhia tawm

Cov kev xav uas tau hais hauv no yog cov neeg sau ntawv thiab tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam cov kev xav ntawm ib qho ntawm cov koom haum no.

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb

Cov kws sau ntawv tshaj tawm tias lawv tsis muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb.

Kev lees paub

Txoj haujlwm no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov nyiaj pab los ntawm National Natural Science Foundation (81503333) thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab thev naus laus zis los ntawm Project hauv Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Tuam Tshoj) (200840102-15).

Cov ntaub ntawv

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