Cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv cuam tshuam rau tsob ntoo txiv ntoo noj thiab lawv cov bioactive compounds

Thov hu rauoscar.xiao@wecistanche.comyog xav paub ntxiv

2.5.Cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo

Ntoo txiv ntoo, feem ntau yog almonds thiab pistachios, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob fungal fecal microbiota (Table 5). Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau taw qhia txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov txiv ntoo lossis / thiab cov txiv ntoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tawv nqaij almond, siv los ua qhov chaw ntawm prebiotics [24,25,27], vim tsis muaj bioaccessible nu-trients thiab phytochemicals hauv cov txiv ntoo xws li polymerized polyphenols. , ellagitannins, thiab proanthocyanidins, uas yog cov fiber ntau nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv loj [61].

Mandalay et al. qhia tau hais tias cov av almonds zoo (FG) raug rau cov qauv ua ke ntawm cov plab hnyuv siab raum uas muaj nyob rau hauv vitro gastric thiab duodenal digestion, thaum siv los ua cov substrates rau cov qauv colonic los soj ntsuam lawv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm metabolic ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab, nce ntxiv. cov pej xeem ntawm bifidobacteria thiab Eubacterium rectale, ua rau muaj qhov siab prebiotic index. Tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tau pom thaum siv defatted finely av almonds (DG) [25]. Cov kws sau ntawv tau hais txog cov lipid feem ntawm cov noob almond uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob thiab cov metabolism, vim tias tsuas yog ib qho me me ntawm almond lipids thiab cov proteins yog bioavailable thaum lub plab zom mov thiab cov hnyuv me vim yog cov khoom noj encapsulation los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes yuav ua tau. tiv thaiv kev zom zaub mov hauv GIT sab saud [26] Hauv lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb siv tus qauv hauv vitro plab hnyuv thiab duodenal digestion qauv, ua raws li cov kab mob fermentation, cov nyhuv prebiotic ntawm cov tawv nqaij almond, los ntawm cov khoom lag luam blanching, kuj tau ua pov thawj.cistanche lub neej extensionTxoj kev tshawb no qhia txog lub peev xwm ntawm ntuj (NS) thiab blanched (BS) almond tawv kom nce hauv vitro cov kab mob bifidobacteria thiab Clostridium coccoides / Eubacterium rectale tooj. Qhov no tau qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tsis muaj carbohydrates, feem ntau yog pectin, muaj nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij almond thiab pom tias polyphenols, muaj nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij almond, tsis cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob fermentation [27]. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tawv nqaij almond tau pom tias muaj cov ntsiab lus fiber ntau nrog rau cov lipids tseem ceeb; ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoom no yuav cuam tshuam rau fermentation hauv txoj hnyuv loj [28].

Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tsis ntev los no uas tso npe rau 102 tus neeg koom nrog HIV pom tau tias kev noj zaub mov Mediterranean, ntxiv nrog cov roj txiv roj roj ntxiv thiab cov txiv ntseej, tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ntsuas metabolic, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab plab microbiota ntau haiv neeg rau cov neeg cuam tshuam nrog HIV-1 [62] . Cov kws sau ntawv tau qhia txog kev txhim kho lipid profile, thaum lub zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab IFN-y-tsim T-cells tau txo qis hauv pab pawg ntxiv nrog cov roj txiv roj thiab walnuts.

Tsis ntev los no, cov nyhuv ntawm pistachio noj ntawm plab microbiota muaj pes tsawg leeg tau tshaj tawm. Tus cwj pwm ntawm microbiota nyob rau hauv cov qauv fecal sau los ntawm cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb uas raug xaiv los koom rau hauv ob qho kev sib cais, kev tswj hwm, kev tshawb fawb crossover. Cov ntsiab lus tau muab rau peb pawg kho mob: tsis muaj txiv ntoo; 15 servings / d almonds los yog pistachios thiab 3 servings / d ntawm almonds los yog pistachios; Lub sijhawm pub mis tau muab cais los ntawm lub sijhawm ntxuav tawm tsawg kawg 2 lub lis piam Nws tau pom tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm pistachio noj ntawm plab microbiota muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj zog dua li almond thiab suav nrog kev nce ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo butyrate tsim tawm [24].

Thov nias ntawm no kom paub ntxiv

Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua raws li qhov kev tshawb pom no, qhia tias kev noj zaub mov muaj fiber ntau thiab polyphenols yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau cov teebmeem prebiotic ntawm cov tawv nqaij almond thiab almonds [23].

Liu et al. piv rau niaj hnub supplementation ntawm roasted almonds (56 g), thiab almond tawv (10 g) nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm 48 cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv pab dawb, rau 6 lub lis piam, rau ib tug coj mus muag fructooligosaccharides (8 g) supplementation. Kev noj almond thiab tawv nqaij txhawb kev nce ntxiv hauv cov pejxeem ntawm Bifidobacterium spp. thiab Lactobacillus spp.ceg nzHauv cov qauv fecal, thaum qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob Clostridum perfringens tau nrawm nrawm thiab Escherichia coli cov lej tsis hloov pauv ntau, piv rau kev tswj hwm [23]. Dhillon et al. (2019) kuj pom tau hais tias almond khoom noj txom ncauj nyob rau hauv 73 lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab freshmen rau 8 lub lis piam nce alpha-diversity ntawm GI microbiome thiab txo qis Bacteroides fragilis abundance piv [63].

2.6.Kev txawj ntse ntawm cov txiv ntseej

Almonds yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham uas pab kev txawj ntse muaj nuj nqi. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj almond ntawm kev paub txog kev ua tau zoo (Table 6). Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no [64] tau tshaj tawm txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj almond txhua hnub rau rau lub hlis ntawm kev paub txog kev noj qab haus huv hauv nruab nrab-hnub nyoog rau cov laus laus los ntawm kev sib tw tswj kev sib tw: cov txiaj ntsig tau lees paub tias txawm tias cov cim ntawm cov kab mob o thiab oxidative kev nyuaj siab tsis zoo heev. cuam ​​tshuam thoob plaws cov pab pawg, muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm visuospatial nco, pom kev nco thiab kev kawm, thiab kev npaj spatial thiab ua haujlwm nco hauv cov ntsiab lus tau txais almonds. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav alpha-tocopherol concentrations nce 8 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov almonds nkaus xwb. Coates et al. tshuaj xyuas kev noj zaub mov zoo ntxiv nrog cov almonds lossis cov khoom noj txom ncauj uas muaj carbohydrate-nplua nuj nyob rau hauv biomarkers ntawm plawv plawv thiab metabolic noj qab haus huv, mus ob peb vas, thiab kev txawj ntse per-formance nyob rau hauv cov rog / rog, 50-80 xyoo [65]. Thaum cov khoom noj almond-nplua nuj txo qis triglycerides, tsis muaj lwm yam kev hloov pauv hauv cardiometabolic biomarkers, mus ob peb vas, lossis kev paub txog kev ua tau zoo. Hauv kev sim randomized nrog cov neeg laus rog rog thiab rog, Dhillon li al. pom tias noj almond-enriched high-rog noj su ameliorated tom qab noj su poob rau hauv lub cim xeeb, txawm hais tias nws tsis ntxiv txhim khu kev txawj ntse tau tshwm sim nrog yuag poob tshaj 12 lub lis piam [66].

Thaum 522 tus neeg koom nrog kev pheej hmoo siab vascular los ntawm kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug (PRED-IMED) tau ua raws li kev noj zaub mov zoo piv rau ob lub MedDiets ( ntxiv nrog cov roj txiv roj roj ntxiv (EVOO) lossis cov txiv ntseej sib xyaw) piv rau kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj rog, siab dua Mini-Mental State Examination (MSE) thiab Clock Drawing Test (CDT) cov qhab nia raug kaw nrog EVOO lossis txiv ntoo. Yog li ntawd, txiv ntseej tau tshwm sim los txhim kho kev txawj ntse nrog rau kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj rog [67]. Hauv lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb, tib cov kws sau ntawv tau tshaj tawm tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev paub txog kev ua tau zoo thiab kev paub txog qhov xwm txheej (ib txwm, kev paub tsis meej me ntsis, lossis kev puas siab puas ntsws) hauv cov neeg koom nrog MedDiet plus Nuts pawg [68]. Lwm qhov kev sib tw tswj hwm los txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Mediterranean noj zaub mov ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm rau cov poj niam laus qhia tias tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm tag nrho cov txiv ntoo kom tsawg thiab kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb [69].

A cross-sectional study performed in Northern Italy involving 279 participants aged >65 years (80 men,199 women) was carried out to determine adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its association with cognitive function [70]. Results showed that nut consumption was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (OR=0.30;95% CI,0.13-0.69, p =0.005). Another Italian-based study enrolling 119 older participants concluded that nut consumption estimated either by the dietary marker or by the urinary marker model was associated with less cognitive decline (OR:0.78,95% CI:0.61,0.99;p=0.043 and OR:0.995 95%CI:0.991,0.999;p=0.016,respectively) with AUCs73.2(95% CI:62.9,83.6) and 73.1 (62.5,83.7),respectively[71]. The Hordaland Health Study assessed cognitive performance among the elderly in relation to the intake of plant foods, including fruits, vegetables, potatoes, grain products, mushrooms, and nuts[72]. No significant differences were observed between groups af consumption of nuts, whereas subjects with intakes of >10 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov nceb ua tau zoo dua hauv kev ntsuam xyuas kev txawj ntse.

Hauv kev tshawb fawb tsiaj uas siv cov nas noj qab haus huv, rov ua haujlwm ntawm almonds tau pom tias ua kom lub hlwb acetylcholine nce ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev nco. Lub cim xeeb tsis txaus kuj tau txo qis [73]. Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb tsiaj tau soj ntsuam kev noj almond hauv scopolamine-induced amnesia hauv nas [74]. Cov kws sau ntawv tau tshawb pom qhov hloov pauv ntau ntawm scopolamine (1 mg / kgip.)-vim amnesia tom qab 7 thiab 14 hnub ntawm almond ad-ministration. Lub hlwb cholinesterase kev ua haujlwm kuj tau txo qis tom qab noj almond, ua ke nrog cov roj cholesterol thiab triglyceride txo cov cuab yeej thiab nce me ntsis ntawm cov piam thaj.

Cistanche tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev laus

Ua ke, cov ntawv ceeb toom no qhia tau hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev noj almond hauv kev tshawb fawb tsiaj thiab hauv qee qhov kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, qhia qhov xav tau los txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub sijhawm kawm, hnub nyoog ntawm cov neeg koom, thiab cov teeb meem metabolic uas twb muaj lawm. Cov xwm txheej no, nrog rau kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev ntsuas kev paub. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb hla ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev noj cov txiv ntoo thiab kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tau qhia tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm txhua tus neeg laus, tsis hais hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej, lossis haiv neeg, qhia tias kev noj cov txiv ntoo txhua hnub tuaj yeem yog kev coj noj coj ua [75]. Tshwj xeeb, cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 20-59 xyoo yuav tsum tau 16.4 ms tsawg lub sij hawm los teb rau lub sij hawm yooj yim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab 0.39 s tsawg dua rau cov cim hloov pauv tom qab noj qhov nruab nrab ntawm 13.1 g walnuts ib hnub twg. Cov teebmeem ntawm kev noj walnut rau kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm hauv cov hluas kuj tau tsim los ntawm Pribis li al. los ntawm kev sim tswj randomized: txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb nce ntxiv rau kev xav, tsis hais lus tsis zoo lossis kev nco qab vim yog kev noj zaub mov ntxiv, kev hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 11.2 feem pua ​​[76]. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no nrog cov qauv neeg sawv cev ntawm 3632 Asmeskas cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 65 xyoo thiab laus dua tau tsim muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev siv walnut thiab kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm, nrog cov qhab nia ntau dua hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb noj walnuts [7] Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj walnut tsis tiv thaiv lub hnub nyoog txog kev paub txog kev poob qis. . Chauhan thiab Chauhan [78] kuj tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm walnuts ntawm kev paub thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb, qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo rau lub hlwb thiab lwm yam kab mob. Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tsiaj tau pom tias kev noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog walnuts tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo qis kev pheej hmoo, ncua kev pib, qeeb kev loj hlob ntawm, lossis tiv thaiv kab mob Alzheimer [79]. Hauv lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb nrog cov nas muaj hnub nyoog (19 lub hlis), kev noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog 6 feem pua ​​​​ntawm walnuts tau tshaj tawm los txhim kho kev txawj ntse thiab lub cev muaj zog [80].

Cov kev tshawb fawb tsawg dua muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev paub txog kev ua tau zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev noj pistachio.cistanche noov lojTxawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tau pom nyob hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj [81,82]. Hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, Nuzzo et al. Qhia tau tias kev noj zaub mov tsis tu ncua ntawm pistachios txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj zaub mov muaj roj ntau (HFD) hauv lub hlwb ntawm cov nas rog rog: kev noj zaub mov pistachio txo ​​qis cov ntshav triglycerides thiab cov roj cholesterol hauv cov qauv HFD, thaum tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv insulin tsis kam ntawm ob qho khoom noj.cistanche hmoovTsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo mitochondrial pom nyob rau hauv HFD lub hlwb tau rov qab ib nrab tom qab noj pistachio, nrog rau kev txo qis hauv cov pa oxygen reactive, singlet oxygen, thiab phosphorylated extracellular teeb liab tswj kinase. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo kuj tau tshwm sim hauv cov txiv neej nas raug kho nrog cisplatin lossis vincristine uas nws cov khoom noj tau ntxiv nrog pistachio (10 feem pua) kom txo qis lub cev muaj zog thiab kev paub tsis meej [82].

Lub peev xwm ntawm Pistacia vera txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv kev sim nco tsis tau raug soj ntsuam hauv Swiss Albino nas uas nws lub cim xeeb tsis zoo raug ntxias los ntawm scopolamine [83]. Kev kho mob ua ntej ntawm cov nas nrog ib feem ethanolic ntawm Pistacia vera txiv hmab txiv ntoo txo ​​qis scopolamine-induced amnesia, nrog rau kev nce hauv kev khiav tawm latency thiab hauv kauj ruam-down latency. Qhov kev paub txog kev txhim kho tau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev kho nrog Pistacia vera txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv ib tug randomized tswj mus sib hais, kev noj cov txiv ntoo brazil muab qee cov pov thawj ntawm kev paub zoo txog kev hais lus zoo thiab kev tsim kho praxis piv nrog pawg tswj hwm [84].

Muab cov ntaub ntawv tsawg tsawg ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm qee cov ntoo txiv ntoo, peb ntseeg tias nws yuav tsim nyog los tshawb txog lawv lub peev xwm hauv kev tswj hwm kev nco tsis zoo hauv tib neeg.

Bioactives ntsig txog kev paub muaj nuj nqi

Kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub hlwb yog kab tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tswj hwm ntawm peb lub cev thiab nws cov kev ua haujlwm. Lub hlwb xav tau ntau lub zog, uas yog muab los ntawm cov piam thaj. Txij li cov neurons tshwj xeeb yog raug rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab, cov khoom noj uas muaj omega -3 fatty acids, xws li txiv ntseej, yuav pab tsim thiab kho lub hlwb puas hlwb. Phenols, polyphenols, thiab vitamins kuj txo cov cellular oxidative kev nyuaj siab pib, o, thiab ua kom lub apoptotic txoj kev, uas yuav ncaj qha mus txuas rau lub hlwb laus thiab neurodegeneration [85-90]. Feem ntau, cov noob yog ib qho chaw nplua nuj ntawm ntau "lub hlwb" cov tebchaw, nrog rau cov roj ntuj [86,91]. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi, thiab lawv ua li cas kom peb lub hlwb ntse thiab noj qab nyob zoo? Cov txiv ntoo tshwj xeeb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv MUFA thiab PUFA, phenols thiab polyphenols tebchaw, minerals thiab vitamins, xws li vitamin E [{{5]. }}]. Kev sib txuas ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev ua neej nyob, thiab qhov kev xav ntawm cov khoom sib txuas no yuav muaj lub luag haujlwm txhawb lub hlwb kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nco [69,95]. Txawm hais tias tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv muaj tsawg heev, qee qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem pom hauv kev kis mob thiab kev sim ua haujlwm (nrog rau ob qho tib si hauv vitro thiab hauv vivo cov ntaub ntawv). Muab cov omega-3 fatty acids ntau, vitamin E thiab antioxidants, txiv ntseej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov neurons los ntawm cov dawb radicals thiab lwm yam reactive oxygen thiab nitrogen hom (ROS thiab RNS) thiab ua rau kev txawj ntse poob qis. Ntxiv mus, lwm cov tebchaw, xws li riboflavin thiab L-carnitine, tej zaum yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb kev ua haujlwm, vim lawv koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho neural pathways [86,96]. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv kab mob hauv walnuts, uas suav nrog flavonoids, phenolic acid (ellagic acid), melatonin, folate, vitamin E, selenium, proanthocyanidins, thiab w-3 -linolenic acid kuj tau tshaj tawm los ua ntxiv lossis sib koom ua ke. kom txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob muaj hnub nyoog [78].

Lwm chav kawm ntawm cov tebchaw uas muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm yog carotenoids xws li lutein thiab zeaxanthin, uas nws cov qauv tshuaj tso cai rau nws ua haujlwm zoo li singlet oxygen thiab peroxyl radical scavengers. Ntawm cov txiv ntoo ntoo, lutein thiab zeaxanthin muaj nyob hauv pistachios. Ib qho randomized, ob npaug-masked, placebo-tswj mus sib hais nrog supple-mentation nrog lutein / zeaxathin los soj ntsuam cov kev txawj ntse ntawm cov zej zog cov neeg laus laus pom tau hais tias cov neeg koom tau txais cov supplementation muaj statistically sig-nificant nce nyob rau hauv macular pigment optical ntom, txhim kho nyob rau hauv complex. kev saib xyuas thiab kev nkag siab yooj yooj yim, nrog rau cov thawj coj ua haujlwm [97]. Ntxiv mus, cov supplementation txhim kho kev nco nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej koom. Lutein yog ib qho kev noj haus antioxidant uas tuaj yeem pab tswj lub hlwb cov qauv los ntawm kev txo qis oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab cuam tshuam txog kev puas tsuaj [98] nrog rau kev mob ntev. Tseeb, nws tau raug pom tias lutein thiab zeaxanthin yog cov paub zoo tias muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob molecules [99]. Ntxiv mus, Johnson thiab cov npoj yaig tau pom tias lutein tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub hlwb piv nrog peripheral ntshav ncig, raws li assed siv cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuam thiab cov ntshav kuaj hauv ib pawg neeg centenarians [100]. Cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj no kuj tau txheeb xyuas hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej tau pom tias kev ntxiv nrog lutein thiab zeaxathin hauv cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb-derived neural txoj kev loj hlob hauv cov neeg hluas [101] nrog rau kev ua kom pom kev nrawm thiab lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv [102,103]. Cov txheej txheem qhia txog cov teebmeem no tseem tsis tau meej; Nws tsuas yog xav tias qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrawm thiab lub hlwb sib txuas [104], tej zaum los ntawm kev txhim kho qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neurons. Kev noj almond tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub hlwb kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm raws li nws cov txiaj ntsig hauv qhov hnyav [105,106]. Cov kev tshawb fawb raws li kev poob phaus nrog rau almonds kuj tau tshaj tawm txog kev txhim kho hauv kev nco thiab kev mloog, vim kev poob phaus, thiab txo qis tom qab noj su hauv lub cim xeeb [65,66,107].cistanche salsa extractKulkarni et al. pom qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm kev noj almond thiab scopolamine-induced amnesia hauv nas [74]. Kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm peb koob tshuaj (150,300, thiab 600mg / kg) rau 7 thiab 14 hnub sib law liag rau cov pab pawg ntawm cov nas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm scopolamine (1 mg / kg ip) ua rau amnesia, raws li pom los ntawm kev txo qis hauv kev hloov pauv. latency nyob rau hauv lub EPM txoj hauj lwm thiab cov kauj ruam-down latency nyob rau hauv lub passive zam txoj hauj lwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm almonds ua rau txo qis ntawm lub hlwb cholinesterase kev ua haujlwm ntawm nas nas, nrog rau kev txo qis ntawm cov ntshav biochemical tsis zoo, xws li txo cov roj cholesterol thiab triglyceride, thiab nce me ntsis ntawm cov piam thaj.

2.7.Txhua yam

Cov teebmeem ntawm almond noj ntawm daim tawv nqaij lipids thiab wrinkles tau raug soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv ib tug randomized tswj pilot txoj kev kawm cuv npe kawm 50 noj qab haus huv cov poj niam postmenopausal: lub ntuj antiaging cov txiaj ntsig ntawm almonds tau cuam tshuam txog qhov txo qis ntawm wrinkles hnyav [108]. Lwm qhov kev soj ntsuam tsis ntev los no tau txiav txim siab tias kev noj almonds niaj hnub tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm lub ntsej muag wrinkles thiab txo cov tawv nqaij pigmentation hauv cov poj niam postmenopausal nrog Fitzpatrick tawv nqaij hom kuv thiab Ⅱ[109]. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb pom tsis ntev los no tau qhia tias qhov ncauj noj almond niaj hnub muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm UV photodamage hauv cov poj niam Esxias noj qab haus huv [110] Cov ntaub ntawv no txhawb nqa peb cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm cov dej blanch, uas yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev lag luam almond. [1]

Almonds yog cov nplua nuj ntawm magnesium, uas nws noj los ntawm cov khoom noj tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo cov qog nqaij hlav cancer [112]. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas tsis ntev los no nthuav dav ntawm 49 qhov kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov ncauj tshuaj kho magnesium tiv thaiv ntshav siab [113].

Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias walnuts muab cov khoom noj tseem ceeb, xws li alpha-linolenic acid, uas tuaj yeem pab nrog cov txiv neej kev loj hlob. Ib qho kev soj ntsuam randomized pom tau hais tias walnuts ntxiv rau kev noj haus Western-style txhim kho cov phev vitality, motility, thiab morphology [114]. Cov kev tshawb pom no tau raug lees paub los ntawm qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tsiaj, txhawb cov pov thawj ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm walnuts ntawm cov phev zoo [115,16].

Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav kev tswj hwm tau tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev noj zaub mov Mediterranean nrog ntxiv cov roj txiv roj roj ntxiv thiab pistachios ntawm gestational diabetes mellitus, uas nws qhov kev nthuav dav tau nce zuj zus thiab dhau los ua kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem [117]. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tom qab uas qhia tias pistachios yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau cov zaub mov muaj roj tsawg, cov zaub mov muaj carbohydrate txhawm rau txhim kho cov qabzib tom qab, insulin, thiab GLP-1 cov lus teb rau cov poj niam uas muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab nrog rau gestational impaired qabzib kam rau ua [118].

3. Cov lus xaus

Cov pov thawj muaj kev tshawb fawb txog cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv ntsig txog kev noj txiv ntoo tau qhia tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv thiab mob ntev, tiv thaiv kab mob thiab oxidative kev ntxhov siab, nrog rau cov khoom noj khoom haus. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiv ntoo hauv kev tiv thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub hlwb kev laus yog qhov txwv thiab feem ntau tsis sib haum xeeb, muaj cov mono- thiab poly-unsaturated fatty acids, nrog rau cov zaub mov, vitamins, thiab polyphenols tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txawj ntse, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam rau kev laus thiab neurodegeneration. Lutein nyob rau hauv pistachios kuj yog ib tug tshiab phytochemical cuam tshuam kev txawj ntse muaj nuj nqi.

Kab lus no yog muab rho tawm los ntawm Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 5960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115960 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms