Tshawb nrhiav Cov Lus Cog Tseg Ntawm Biomarkers Rau Kev Mob Raum Mob Ⅲ

3. Biomarker breakthroughs: tshawb nrhiav kev kho mob

AKI biomarkers tau maj mam nrhiav lawv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob meej los pab cov kws kho mob hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo tshwj xeeb, qhia kev kho mob, thiab kwv yees kwv yees thiab kev loj hlob mus rau CKD. Txawm hais tias lawv tseem tsis tau suav nrog hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm AKI, ntau txoj hauv kev tshawb pom tam sim no muaj thiab muaj kev vam meej tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw. Hauv seem no, peb tshawb nrhiav seb qhov kev siv ntawm biomarkers tuaj yeem hloov kho kev kho mob mus rau tus kheej li cas. Biomarkers muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov neeg mob ua ntej muaj kev poob haujlwm tshwm sim, qhib qhov rooj rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho kev kho mob rau AKI. Cov qauv kev pheej hmoo tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kwv yees hauv tsev kho mob thiab cov teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev thiab kev tuag, qhia kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm luv luv ntawm tus kheej tom qab tawm hauv tsev kho mob, thiab pab txhawb rau kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo mus ntev. Ntawm no, peb muab cov ntsiab lus nthuav dav ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob thiab kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua.

Nyem rau Cistanche rau mob raum

3.1. Mob raum raug mob tom qab phais plawv

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm AKI hauv cov neeg mob phais mob plawv yog 14% mus rau 30%, ua rau qhov kev mob tshwm sim tag nrho, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag, ncua sij hawm nyob ntev, thiab ua rau lub nra hnyav ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, qhov xav tau rau kev tshawb nrhiav kev puas tsuaj thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev nce hauv SCr lossis txo cov zis tso zis qhia tau tias qhov kev raug mob tau nkag mus rau theem siab. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Txhais Lus hauv Biomarker Endpoint Consortium (TRIBE-AKI) lub hom phiaj los tshawb txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm tom qab biomarkers hauv kev kwv yees cov txiaj ntsig luv luv, xws li mob raum mob, xav tau kev lim ntshav, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntxiv, hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev phais plawv. Lub sijhawm nyob hauv tsev kho mob, thiab cov txiaj ntsig mus ntev xws li kev tuag tag nrho thiab kev loj hlob mus rau CKD.

Hauv xyoo 2013, 1199 tus neeg mob los ntawm 6 lub chaw sib txawv tau sim rau 5 tus neeg mob urinary biomarkers (NGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, L-FABP, thiab albumin) tsis pub dhau 3 hnub tom qab kev phais mob plawv, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ua raws. - Lub sijhawm yog 3 xyoos. Cov biomarkers no tau pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm nws tus kheej nrog rau 2-3.2-fold muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas kuaj mob AKI thiab tau ntsuas qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke. IL-18 thiab KIM{13}} kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev tuag ntawm cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj chaw kho mob AKI. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm tsib lub biomarkers urinary kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog ntev AKI ntev, ntev dua 7 hnub, thiab ib qho 5-faus nce hauv 3- xyoo kev tuag. Nws yuav tsum tau hais qhia tias hematuria, proteinuria, leukocyte esterase, thiab nitrite tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov concentration ntawm cov zis biomarkers hauv kev kuaj dipstick. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau tshwm sim hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam tom qab hoc uas muaj plaub yam biomarkers (NGAL, IL-8, KIM-1, thiab L-FABP), qhov twg cov xwm txheej tau hais los ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo. Hauv qhov no, cov biomarkers no tsis raug cuam tshuam txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm tubular.

Hauv tib pawg, plasma NGAL tau ntsuas ua ntej thiab 3 hnub tom qab kev phais hauv 1191 tus neeg mob uas tau phais plawv, nrog kev soj ntsuam nruab nrab ntawm 3 xyoo. Preoperative plasma NGAL qib kuj tau pom los kwv yees kev tuag 3 xyoos tom qab kev phais mob plawv, qhia txog tus nqi prognostic. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, postoperative NGAL poob qhov kev sib raug zoo no thaum muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog SCr, qhia txog cov kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov zis thiab ntshav ntshav NGAL raws li tau tham yav dhau los.

Tom qab ntawd, lub koom haum tau tshawb xyuas perioperative plasma MCP-1 qib hauv 972 cov neeg mob uas tau phais plawv. Cov neeg mob uas muaj qib MCP ua ntej ntau dua -1 muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua ntawm kev tsim AKI, ntev ntev ntawm AKI, thiab kev tuag hauv tsev kho mob ntau dua. Hauv qhov no, theem ua ntej tuaj yeem kwv yees seb cov neeg mob twg muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim AKI, yog li coj cov kws kho mob kom stratify cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv ua ntej thiab kev cuam tshuam. Preoperative urinary 1-M kuj tau ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov biomarkers pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo siab dua tom qab kev phais AKI nrog rau CKD kev loj hlob thiab tag nrho cov neeg tuag.

Hauv tib lub koom haum TRIBE-AKI, 1444 tus neeg laus uas tau phais mob plawv muaj ntshav VEGF thiab PGF thiab cov cim anti-angiogenic VEGFR1 ntsuas ua ntej thiab hauv 6 teev ntawm kev phais. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau pom tias cov cim pro-angiogenic ntau dua tom qab phais tau cuam tshuam nrog qis qis thiab lub sijhawm ntawm AKI thiab txo 1- xyoo kev tuag. Hauv qhov sib piv, nce qib VEGFR1 tom qab kev phais yog cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm AKI. Qhov tseem ceeb, cov cim qhia txog kev sib txuas ntawm angiogenesis, suav nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm peb ntawm cov biomarkers, tau dhau lub zog ntawm tus neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig. Cov kev tshawb pom no yuav tsis raug ntxiv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob hauv lub raum (CKD), qhov ntau dua ntawm VEGF thiab PGF cuam tshuam nrog cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo hauv ntshav qab zib nephropathy thiab cov xwm txheej hauv plawv, feem. Qhov sib txawv no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev teb rau angiogenesis hauv kev raug mob hnyav, thiab cov lus teb kho tau, piv nrog CKD, feem ntau ua rau mob fibrosis.

3.2. Kev tshwm sim ntawm cardiorenal syndrome thiab hepatorenal syndrome thaum mob mus pw hauv tsev kho mob

Kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau AKI yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov neeg mob cirrhosis, uas feem ntau muaj ntau yam kab mob sib kis thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev kis kab mob thiab muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam txog kev kho mob xws li diuretics. Cov ua rau AKI muaj xws li prerenal azotemia, mob tubular raug mob (ATI), thiab hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Kev kuaj mob sai thiab raug yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias AKI ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag hauv cov neeg mob no thiab cov kev tswj hwm sib txawv.

Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem kev kho mob pom zoo ob hnub sib law liag ntawm kev kuaj ntshav albumin pib ntawm ib hnub ib hnub ntawm 1 g / kg lub cev qhov hnyav kom rov ua kom cov ntshav ntws zoo hauv cov neeg mob cirrhotic nrog AKI, kev tswj hwm ntau ntawm albumin yuav tsis zoo ib yam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. pulmonary edema. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus tam sim no ntawm hepatorenal syndrome vam khom ib feem ntawm plasma creatinine, uas nws txhais lus hauv cirrhosis yog txwv los ntawm daim siab puas thiab txo cov leeg nqaij thiab noj cov protein. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tso zis ntawm sodium yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv tus mob no.

Nyob rau theem kho, hauv CONFIRM txoj kev tshawb fawb, cov neeg mob hepatorenal syndrome cov neeg mob siab dua creatinine tsis tshua teb rau vasoconstrictors xws li terlipressin, hais txog qhov xav tau kev pib ntxov ntawm qhov kev kho no.

Rau tag nrho cov laj thawj no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas cov biomarkers siv tau los pab sib txawv ntawm kev kuaj mob hepatorenal syndrome, tubular raug mob, lossis prerenal azotemia. Kev tshawb fawb ntxov ntawm biomarkers tsom rau lawv siv los ua cov cuab yeej los txheeb xyuas cov neeg mob lub raum tubular raug mob thiab, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tsis suav nrog kev kho vasocompression. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho lawv qhov kev kuaj mob los ntawm kev siv biomarkers, ua ke nrog kev txiav txim hauv chaw kho mob thiab lwm yam kev sib cav. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb sib xyaw ua ke ntawm uNGAL, IL-18, L-FABP, thiab albumin, txhais cov kev txiav tawm tshwj xeeb rau txhua tus biomarker, pom tias feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg mob nrog tag nrho cov biomarkers saum toj kawg nkaus txiav tawm uas tsim ATN yog 91%; Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj cov cim zoo yog 7%. Tom qab ntawd, kev tsom mus rau qhov muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov neeg mob nrog HRS uas yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab txawm tias kwv yees cov neeg mob yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig ntxiv los ntawm cov kev kho mob zoo li no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, ib txoj kev tshawb no suav nrog 162 tus neeg mob uas muaj cirrhosis thiab mob raum raug mob thiab ua raws li lawv mus txog thaum tuag, hloov daim siab, lossis 90 hnub tom qab suav nrog; 39.5% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj hepatorenal syndrome. Nco ntsoov, uNGAL tau ntsuas tshwj xeeb hauv cov neeg mob kuaj pom raws li Cov Kev Pabcuam Ntiaj Teb ntawm Ascites uas tsis txhim kho tom qab 48 teev ntawm kev kho mob thawj zaug. Txawm hais tias uNGAL qib siab dua hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj AKI hnyav dua, cov qib uNGAL tseem nce siab hauv cov neeg mob ATN piv nrog cov neeg mob HRS tsis hais txog theem AKI. Lub uNGAL theem ntawm 220 ng / mL yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pib, nrog rhiab heev ntawm 89% thiab qhov tseeb ntawm 78%. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg mob uas tsim HRS, cov neeg mob uas muaj cov lus teb ua tiav rau terlipressin thiab kev kho mob albumin tau qis dua qib uNGAL piv nrog cov neeg mob uas muaj ib feem lossis tsis teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, uNGAL yog tus kws tshaj lij ywj pheej ntawm kev nyob hauv tsev kho mob thiab 90-hnub tuag.

IL-18 kuj tau kawm hauv cov ntsiab lus no tab sis tau pom tias tsis muaj tseeb hauv kev kwv yees ATN. Txawm li cas los xij, HRS cuam tshuam nrog kev tuag hauv tsev kho mob ntau dua. Kev siv cov biomarkers no kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab kev sib cav ntxiv hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub raum-siab ua ke ib leeg lossis hloov lub siab.

Cardiorenal Syndrome yog lwm qhov kev kho mob uas kev txiav txim siab tsis ncaj ncees, thiab cov kws kho plawv thiab cov kws kho mob nephrologist feem ntau tsis muaj kev sib cav tshwj xeeb los sib npaug qhov xav tau ntawm diuretics tiv thaiv creatinine siab. Cov kev kho mob tam sim no suav nrog cov tshuaj diuretics los kho lub raum kom ua haujlwm zoo thiab nce hemoconcentration, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev txo cov neeg tuag thiab lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm rov qab mus tsev, txawm tias qhov teeb meem ntawm lub raum tsis zoo thaum mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Txij li cov kev kho mob ib leeg yuav tsis txaus los txheeb xyuas cov lus teb rau kev kho mob, biomarkers tuaj yeem ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv qhov teeb meem no thiab hais txog qhov heterogeneity ntawm pathophysiological mechanisms ntawm cardiorenal syndrome. Urinary NGAL thiab IL-18 tau pom tias nws tus kheej cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm AKI hauv cov neeg mob uas mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Ntxiv cov biomarkers nrog rau cov zis angiotensinogen rau cov qauv kho mob txhim kho kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib kis thiab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob raum tsis zoo Cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab tshaj plaws rau cov txiaj ntsig. Cov theem pib ntawm cov zis L-FABP hauv cov neeg mob hauv tsev kho mob uas muaj lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm mob hnyav kuj tau pom tias yog ib qho kev kwv yees ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm AKI hauv cov neeg mob no. Parikh et al tau npaj ib qho piv txwv uas qis qis ntawm cov zis NGAL, N-acetyl-BD-glucosidase, thiab KIM-1 txhawb kev txuas ntxiv ntawm kev kho diuretic txawm tias nce SCr. Txawm hais tias ntau tus biomarkers tau kawm hauv cov ntsiab lus no thiab tau pom tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob, AKI, thiab kev tuag, tsis tas yuav tsum tau sib piv cov biomarkers no thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha los txhawb lawv txoj kev siv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntau. yuav tsum tau ua txog nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev txiav txim siab kho mob.

3.3 Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob interstitial nephritis

Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob interstitial nephritis (AIN) thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav thiab lwm yam mob raum mob tuaj yeem nyuaj. Raws li kev kho mob muaj txiaj ntsig, kev tsim kho raws sij hawm ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm AIN yog qhov tseem ceeb, uas yuav tsum tau txwv tsis pub muaj qhov ua rau lossis kho tus kab mob hauv qab. Kev siv biomarkers kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig rau qhov chaw no, muab lwm txoj hauv kev rau lub raum biopsy nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev kuaj mob tsis meej. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm biomarkers, txoj kev tshawb fawb suav nrog 218 tus neeg mob los ntawm ob lub chaw sib txawv uas tau mus rau lub raum biopsy rau mob raum raug mob. Kev kuaj mob histological ntawm AIN muaj nyob rau hauv 15% ntawm biopsies, qhia txog nws qhov kev faib ua feem raws li qhov ua rau mob raum raug mob. Ntawm 12 cov zis thiab 10 plasma biomarkers kuaj, zis TNF- thiab IL-9 tau ntawm nws tus kheej cuam tshuam nrog AIN, thiab lawv qib siab dua hauv kev kuaj ntshav uas pom muaj mob AIN histological ntau dua (xws li microvasculitis lossis lymphadenitis ). hlwb thiab eosinophilic infiltration) tau siab dua hauv cov neeg mob. Ntawm qhov kev ceeb toom, ob tus qauv tau tsim: ib qho piv cov biomarkers rau cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab thiab lwm qhov muab piv rau cov qauv uas muaj cov kev hloov kho mob feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog AIN. Ntxiv cov biomarkers rau ob qho tib si qauv tau txhim kho lawv lub peev xwm los kwv yees kev kuaj mob, txhim kho tus kws kho mob AUC ntawm 0.62 rau {{10}}.84 thiab cov qauv kho mob los ntawm 0.69 txog 0.84. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas biomarkers tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv kev kho mob lossis lwm yam qauv kev lom neeg, yog li ua kom lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, CXCL9 tsis ntev los no tau txheeb xyuas tias yog biomarker rau AIN. Hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam urinary proteomic ntawm 88 AKI cov neeg mob, nws yog cov protein ntau tshaj plaws biomarker ntawm 180 urinary proteins txuam nrog AIN, 35% ntawm cov uas tau lees paub los ntawm lub raum biopsy. Urinary CXCL9 kuj cuam tshuam nrog qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob histological. Qhov no zoo ib yam nrog CXCL9 yog ib qho tshuaj chemokine uas, los ntawm kev khi rau CXCR-3, uas nws cov lus qhia yog induced los ntawm IFN-, qhia activated T lymphocytes rau qhov chaw ntawm o, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub raum tubular cheeb tsam. Ntxiv CXCL9 rau cov qauv saum toj no ntxiv txhim khu kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus qauv. Thaum kawg, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm CXCL9 nrog TNF- thiab IL-9 tau pom tias muaj qhov tseeb tshaj plaws kev kuaj mob. Tubulointerstitial nephritis nrog uveitis syndrome yog lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm tus kab mob tubulointerstitial uas zoo kawg nkaus ua piv txwv qhov chaw kho mob uas muaj biomarker suav nrog hauv cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm thiab tseem tuaj yeem pab cov kws kho mob kom tsis txhob mob raum. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm tubulointerstitial nephritis tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm lub raum biopsy urinary elevated beta2-microglobulin, urinalysis abnormality, los yog creatinine siab.

3.4 Kev sib piv tus neeg sawv cev ntsig txog AKI

Many studies have suggested the potential use of biomarkers, such as NGAL and IL-18, in predicting contrast agent-related AKI. However, most are single-center studies with low event rates. Identification of high-risk patients can guide nephrologists in endorsing the use of contrastive testing, especially in non-emergency settings. It can also help determine which patients require hospitalization and close follow-up. In this regard, a larger study based on the PRESERVE trial cohort was conducted, measuring a plasma biomarker in 916 patients and a urinary biomarker in 797 patients with chronic kidney disease at 19 different centers: MCP-1, KIM-1, NGAL, IL-18, UMOD, and YKL-40. These markers are measured 1 to 2 hours before imaging. Patients with higher pre-angioplasty plasma KIM-1, NGAL, and YKL-40 were at higher risk for major adverse renal events, such as the need for dialysis or a persistent decline in renal function (defined as an increase in serum creatinine >50%) thiab nyob rau hauv 90 hnub Tuag (MAKE-D). Urinary creatinine-kho IL-18, MCP-1, thiab YKL-40 kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog MAKE-D siab dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntshav plasma KIM-1 tau nce siab hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm tus neeg sawv cev hais txog AKI, txhais tau tias yog qhov nce hauv cov ntshav creatinine ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 25% lossis ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 0.5 mg / dL los ntawm lub hauv paus 3. mus rau 5 hnub tom qab qhov sib piv tus neeg sawv cev txhaj tshuaj.

3.5 Biomarkers ntawm Aki tom qab hloov lub raum

Biomarkers tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev hloov lub raum, qhov uas lawv tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab txog kev xaiv pub dawb thiab saib xyuas lub raum hloov pauv. Lawv kuj muaj peev xwm los txhim kho graft survival kev kwv yees, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no ntawm 709 cov neeg tau txais kev hloov pauv raum ruaj khov. Cov zis thiab ntshav ntshav NGAL thiab calprotectin tau ntsuas tsawg kawg 2 lub hlis tom qab kev phais, thiab kev soj ntsuam tau txuas ntxiv mus rau 58 lub hlis. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias plasma NGAL ntawm nws tus kheej kwv yees lub raum allograft poob.

Hauv kev teeb tsa tom qab hloov pauv, lwm yam cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas lub raum hloov pauv yog pub dawb los ntawm cov cell-dawb DNA (dd-cfDNA), raws li nws ib nrab-lub neej tso rau hauv cov ntshav thaum muaj kev raug mob graft yog li ntawm 30 txog 120 feeb. . Dab tsi tshwm sim hauv chaw kho mob yog nws qhov kev kwv yees tsis zoo siab, pab cov kws kho mob kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav rov qab los ntawm 317 cov neeg tau txais kev hloov pauv raum nrog kev khaws cia allograft muaj nuj nqi, cov neeg mob uas muaj dd-cf DNA siab (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1%) piv nrog cov uas tsis tshua muaj dd-cf DNA (<0.5%) Rejection reactions are more likely to occur. Furthermore, elevated dd-cfDNA precedes other clinical manifestations of rejection and the detection of emerging donor-specific antibodies by several weeks, and dd-cfDNA is strongly associated with antibody- and T-cell-mediated rejection, but it is not completely Specific to transplant rejection, elevated dd-cfDNA has also been observed in conditions such as acute tubular necrosis, pyelonephritis, and BK virus nephropathy.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zis CXCL9 thiab CXCL10 tau koom ua ke nrog eGFR, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb pub dawb, thiab polyoma viremia rau hauv cov qauv kho mob, thiab pom tias tso zis CXCL9 thiab CXCL10 tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov kev hloov pauv tsis zoo. Qhov kev sib koom ua ke no tau ua rau muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov txheej txheem biopsies, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum qhov kev kwv yees qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis lees paub tsawg dua 10%, nrog 59 tus txheej txheem biopsies zam rau 100 tus neeg mob. Dab tsi txawv ntawm cov biomarkers los ntawm lwm cov cim tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, xws li cell-free DNA lossis mRNA cov cim, yog kev nkag tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ntsuas tshuab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas meta tsis ntev los no tau pom tias cov kev tshawb fawb biomarker hauv lub raum hloov pauv tsis muaj kev lees paub, kev tsim qauv nruj, thiab kev sib piv nrog cov qauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, yog li qhia txog qhov xav tau kev siv zog ntxiv hauv cheeb tsam no.

Cistanche kho mob raum li cas?

Cistancheyog ib hom tshuaj suav tshuaj ntsuab siv rau ntau pua xyoo los kho ntau yam mob, suav nrograumkab mob. Nws yog muab los ntawm qhuav stems ntawmCistanchedeserticola, ib tsob nroj nyob rau hauv cov suab puam ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Mongolia. Lub ntsiab active Cheebtsam ntawm cistanche yogphenylethanoidglycosides, echinacoside cov tshuaj, thiabacteoside, uas tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub raum kev noj qab haus huv.

Kab mob raum, tseem hu ua kab mob raum, hais txog ib yam mob uas lub raum ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov co toxins hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj ntau yam tsos mob thiab teeb meem. Cistanche tuaj yeem pab kho mob raum ase los ntawm ntau lub tswv yim.

Ua ntej, cistanche tau pom tias muaj cov nyhuv diuretic, txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov zis ntau ntxiv thiab pab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo lub nra ntawm lub raum thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov co toxins. Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa diuresis, cistanche kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo qis ntshav siab, ib qho teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob raum.

Ntxiv mus, cistanche tau pom tias muaj cov teebmeem antioxidant. Kev ntxhov siab oxidative, tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev tsim cov dawb radicals thiab lub cev tiv thaiv antioxidant, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev mob raum. ies pab neutralize dawb radicals thiab txo Oxidative kev nyuaj siab, yog li tiv thaiv lub raum los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Cov phenylethanoid glycosides pom hauv cistanche tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshem tawm cov dawb radicals thiab inhibiting lipid peroxidation.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cistanche tau pom tias muaj cov nyhuv anti-inflammatory. Kev mob yog lwm yam tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob raum. Cistanche's anti-inflammatory zog pab txo cov zus tau tej cov pro-inflammatory cytokines thiab inhibit qhov ua kom o yuav tsum tau txoj kev, yog li alleviating o nyob rau hauv lub raum.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cistanche tau pom tias muaj cov teebmeem immunomodulatory. Hauv kab mob raum, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev mob ntau dhau thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Cistanche pab tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev hloov kho thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li T hlwb thiab macrophages. Txoj cai tiv thaiv kab mob no pab txo qhov mob thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxiv rau lub raum.

Ntxiv mus, cistanche tau pom los txhim kho lub raum kev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev tsim kho ntawm lub raum hlab nrog cov hlwb. Lub raum tubular epithelial hlwb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pom thiab rov nqus cov khoom pov tseg thiab electrolytes. Hauv kab mob raum, cov hlwb no tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj, ua rau lub raum ua haujlwm puas. Cistanche lub peev xwm los txhawb kev tsim kho ntawm cov hlwb no pab kho lub raum kom zoo thiab txhim kho lub raum tag nrho.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub raum, cistanche tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lwm yam kabmob thiab lub cev hauv lub cev. Txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob raum, vim tias tus mob feem ntau cuam tshuam rau ntau lub cev thiab lub cev. che tau pom tias muaj kev tiv thaiv rau lub siab, lub plawv, thiab cov hlab ntsha, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm kab mob raum. Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov kabmob no, cistanche pab txhim kho lub raum tag nrho thiab tiv thaiv kev mob ntxiv.

Hauv kev xaus, cistanche yog cov tshuaj suav tshuaj ntsuab siv rau ntau pua xyoo los kho mob raum. Nws cov active Cheebtsam muaj diuretic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, thiab regenerative teebmeem, uas pab txhim kho lub raum ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv ob lub raum los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntxiv. , cistanche muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lwm yam kabmob thiab lub cev, ua rau nws txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev kho mob raum.