Tshawb nrhiav Lub Peev Xwm Ntawm Nannochloropsis Sp. Extract rau Cosmetic daim ntaub ntawv
Mar 24, 2023
Ntsiab lus:Nannochloropsis; antioxidant; anti-melanogenic; daim tawv nqaij moisturizing; Kev tiv thaiv UV;anti-aging
Nyem qhov no Kom Tau Txais Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv Txog Cistanche Rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Laus
1. Taw qhia
Cov tawv nqaij yog lub cev loj tshaj plaws, npog tag nrho tib neeg lub cev thiab muab lub cevbarrier los tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg sab hauv los ntawm lwm yam stimuli xws li ultraviolet (UV)hluav taws xob, tshuaj, kab mob, thiab kev nyuaj siab rau lub cev [1,2]. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj physiologicallylub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pab txhawb nqa cov kab mob, suav nrog kev khaws ciadej, immunological functions, sensory perception, thiab kev tswj ntawm lub cev kub [3,4]. Cov tawv nqaij muaj peb txheej: epidermis, dermis, thiab hypodermis. Hauvepidermis, keratinocytes, Langerhans, melanocytes, thiab sebaceous qog ua si tseem ceeb.lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kho cov tawv nqaij puas, txiav txim siab cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tiv thaiv tawv nqaij los ntawm UVhluav taws xob, muab kev tiv thaiv, thiab lubricating ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv dermis, nyob hauv qablub epidermis, predominant fibroblast hlwb tsim collagen thiab elastic fibers. Collagenmuab lub zog tensile thiab toughness los tiv thaiv deformation, whereas elastin muabelasticity thiab yooj, cia cov ntaub so ntswg rov qab mus rau lawv cov qub zoo li thaum tshem tawmlub zog deforming. Collagen thiab elastin yog cross-linked los muab kev txhawb nqa rau cov qauvdaim tawv nqaij [4–7]. Hyaluronic acid (HA), glycosaminoglycan, yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuajExtracellular matrix (ECM). HA yog ib qho tseem ceeb molecule rau khaws cia ntawm daim tawv nqaij noo vimrau nws lub peev xwm los khi thiab khaws cov dej molecules txog 1000 npaug ntawm nws qhov hnyav [8,9]. HAtsim cov gel los ntawm absorbing dej thiab muab cov ntaub so ntswg tiv thaiv compression. Covhypodermis, uas yog tsim los ntawm feem ntau rog thiab xoob cov ntaub so ntswg, khaws lub zogthiab muab rwb thaiv tsev rau lub cev [5,6].
Kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog cov txheej txheem lom neeg uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv thiab sab nrauv [10,11]. Intrinsic aging yog ib txoj kev inevitable tshwm sim los ntawm physiological thiab caj ceshloov nrog lub sijhawm dhau mus, ua rau cov tawv nqaij zoo, maj mam dermal atrophy, thiabdaim tawv nqaij nyias thiab qhuav [10,12,13]. Extrinsic aging yog engendered los ntawm cumulative raug rauib puag ncig yam xws li UV hluav taws xob, kev haus luam yeeb, thiab huab cua muaj kuab paug. Cov no ib puag ncigCov xwm txheej tau paub los txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev thiab morphological ntawm daim tawv nqaij,ua rau cov tawv nqaij laus ntxov ntxov [12–14]. Ntawm ib puag ncig yam, raug rauUV hluav taws xob yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij extrinsic thiab raug xa mus rau photoaging [14–16]. Sib txawv ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas muaj hnub nyoog intrinsically, feem ntau cov tawv nqaij photoaged prematurelyqhia tau hais tias coarseness, irregular, mottled pigmentation, thickened epidermis, sib sib zog nqus wrinkles,laxity, thiab roughness [5,10,17]. Txawm tias intrinsic daim tawv nqaij laus thiab extrinsic tawv nqaij lausyog induced los ntawm ntau yam, ob qho tib si sib xws molecular mechanisms. Tshwj xeeb,Reactive oxygen hom (ROS) yog tsim los ntawm oxidative cell metabolism thiab ua si aLub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ob txoj kev [18]. ROS ua rau kev ua kom cov mitogen-activated proteinkinases (MAPK) thiab tom ntej nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) thiab transcription factor activatorprotein-1 (AP-1), uas ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm metalloproteinases (MMPs: MMP-1,MMP-3, thiab MMP-9) thiab downregulation ntawm procollagen-1, ua rau txo qis ntawmcollagen cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij laus [2,19]. ROS tseem tuaj yeem qhib cov ntshav neutrophils kom nkag musdaim tawv nqaij thiab secrete elastase, uas degrades elastic fibers kom poob ntawm daim tawv nqaij elasticity [20]. Daim tawv nqaijKev laus kuj tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov poob ntawm daim tawv nqaij noo noo. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias acim txo HA nyob rau hauv lub epidermis raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus ua rau poob ntawmdaim tawv nqaij noo noo [8,21]. HA yog tsim los ntawm hyaluronan synthases (HAS; HAS-1, -2, -3,) hauvepidermal keratinocytes thiab dermal fibroblasts [8]. Melanin yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov dua siab tshiabntawm L-tyrosine rau L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), uas yog catalyzed los ntawm tyrosinase.Melanin yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaijkev puas tsuaj los ntawm raug tshav ntuj. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib sau ntawm ROS nce cov haujlwmntawm tyrosinase, ua rau hyperpigmentation xws li hnub nyoog melasma vim ntau dhaukev tsim cov melanin. Yog li, hyperpigmentation tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm cov dawb radicaltyrosinase inhibitors thiab scavengers [22,23].
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov tswv yim rau kev noj qab haus huv kev laus yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua vim muaj kev nce ntxivlub neej expectancy. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv kev tuav ib tug hluas thiab zoo nkaujtsos vim hais tias ntawm daim tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv thiab kev zoo nkauj yog perceived raws li ib tug tseem ceeb lom yam tseem ceebsawv cev rau tib neeg txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Nws kuj yog suav hais tias yog ib tug hluas thiab zoo nkauj tsostej zaum yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev coj tus cwj pwm [10,13]. Yog li ntawd, ntau lab tus neeg siv khoom sivcov khoom siv kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij txhua hnub, thiab kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce yog kwv yeeskom ncav cuag $ 805 nphom los ntawm 2023, ntawm kev kwv yees kev loj hlob ntawm 7.14 feem pua ntawm ib xyoos los ntawm 2018mus rau 2023 [24,25]. Vim muaj kev phiv tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce, muajkev thov kom siv cov khoom ntuj tsim, suav nrog cov molecules los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu,thiab cov kab mob marine. Cosmeceuticals yog muab los ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj,uas xa mus rau cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce uas muaj cov khoom xyaw bioactive nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm UVtiv thaiv, tawv nqaij dawb, tiv thaiv wrinkling, thiab tiv thaiv kev laus [26]. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce,cosmeceuticals yog qhov kev loj hlob sai tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom ntuj tsim tawm los ua ib qho tshiabqhov chaw muaj peev xwm bioactive tshuaj rau kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce [25].
Cistanche yog cov kab mob prokaryotic lossis eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms uas tuaj yeem ua tauloj hlob sai thiab ciaj sia nyob rau hauv huab cua tej yam kev mob (xws li, kub variation,anaerobiosis, salinity, photooxidation, osmotic siab, thiab UV hluav taws xob)27]. Cistanchekuj zoo dua rau cov nroj tsuag hauv av vim muaj cov khoom lag luam siab, kev hloov pauv raws caij nyoog,yooj yim extraction, thiab ntau raw khoom [27]. Cistanche tsis tu ncuarau tej kev nyuaj siab. Yog li, lawv tau hloov zuj zus los tsim ntau yam tswv yim xws li ultrastructural, physiological, thiab biochemical hloov pauv [28]. Cov khoom ntuj tsim loslos ntawm Cistanche nrog lub peev xwm rau cosmetic los yog cosmeceutical lub hom phiaj muaj xws li photosyntheticpigments, lipids, phenolic tebchaw, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates,thiab cov vitamins [25]. Ntawm cov khoom ntuj, carotenoids, uas paub tias muaj zogantioxidants thiab dawb radical scavengers, tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv kev laus thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaivlub hom phiaj [29]. Ntawm cov carotenoids, astaxanthin, uas nthuav tawm ntau dua kev ua haujlwm antioxidanttshaj -carotene thiab ascorbic acid, muaj qhov nthuav dav depigmentation muaj peev xwmtiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm hnub nyoog me me los ntawm kev txo melanin synthesis los ntawm 40 feem pua [30,31]. Zeaxanthin thiabLwm cov carotenoids kuj qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm UV nqus thiab tyrosinase inhibition [32]. CistancheFeem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus lipid siab suav nrog polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).PUFAs ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, tswj cov membrane fluidity thiabtiv thaiv intracellular ice crystal tsim, uas ua rau muaj sia nyob hauv ib puag ncig huab cuaCov xwm txheej xws li kev siv lub teeb siab, UV hluav taws xob, thiab kub tsis tshua muaj [33,34]. Omega-3 fatty acids xws li docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) thiab eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo cov tawv nqaij photoaging los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm UV-induced metalloproteinases(MMPs) thiab cov dej num tiv thaiv kab mob [35]. Nws kuj tau tshaj tawmuas -linolenic acid muaj qee yam tshuaj pleev ib ce xws li revitalizing ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qeebCov txheej txheem kev laus, thiab linoleic acid yog siv los kho hyperplasia ntawm daim tawv nqaij [36]. Phenolic compounds los ntawm Cistanche paub tias muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no xws liantioxidant, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, thiab tiv thaiv UV ua haujlwm [2,37].
Nannochloropsishom, me me unicellular eustigmatophycean algae, tau lees paubrau lawv cov ntsiab lus lipid siab thiab siab photoautotrophic biomass productivity, thiabrau lawv txoj kev cog qoob loo ntawm qhov loj [38]. Nannochloropsistau raug sivraws li qhov chaw ntawm unsaturated fatty acids (xws li EPA) rau kev noj haus ntawm aquaculture-tsomarine invertebrates. Lawv kuj muaj phenolic compounds, vitamins, thiab ntau yampigments nrog cov haujlwm antioxidant [39]. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsis tsim cov co toxins thiablawv cov toxicological kev nyab xeeb tau raug pov thawj los ntawm lawv lub sij hawm ntev siv los ua zaub mov rau cov ntses marinethiab shellfish larvae [40]. Txawm hais tias lawv muaj ntau yam muaj txiaj ntsig bioactive compounds,muaj ob peb tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm daim ntawv thovNannochloropsisrau cosmetic thiab cosmeceuticallub hom phiaj [41]. Xav txog tias biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Cistanche cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ceCov teebmeem tuaj yeem sib txawv txawm tias cov kev sib cais ntawm tib hom [42], kev tshawb nrhiav ntxivntawm no microalgal hom yog xav tau los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv rau ntuj thiabkev nyab xeeb cov khoom kom zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb tau tshawb xyuas lub peev xwm cosmeceutical ntawmextract los ntawmNannochloropsissp. G1-5 (NG15) yog cais tawm ntawm sab qab teb Hiav Txwv West ntawmlub koom pheej ntawm Kauslim. Peb tau txheeb xyuas nws ntau yam kev ua haujlwm lom neeg, suav nrog nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv melanogenic, antioxidant, tawv nqaij moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-wrinkling, thiab UVkev tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqi. Peb ntxiv txheeb xyuas nws cov ntsiab lus biochemical thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawmfatty acids, carotenoids, thiab phenolic compounds.
2. Cov txiaj ntsig
2.1. Kev cais tawm ntawm Nannochloropsis sp. G1-5 thiab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas ntawm Biochemical Composition
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb cais ib tug colony nrog ib tug brownish xim qhia tau hais tias muajpigments ntawm carotenoids thiab polyphenols, uas tau los ntawm kev sib kis dej hiav txwvkuaj rau F/2 agar daim hlau. Peb tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib cais siv 18S rDNA PCR ua rawslos ntawm sequencing thiab npe nws liNannochloropsissp. G1-5 (NG15). Tom qab cultivation ntawmNG15 thiab extraction siv ethanol, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm fatty acid methyl esters(FAMEs), carotenoids, thiab phenolic tebchaw hauv NG15 extract tau txiav txim siab.Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm fatty acids, carotenoids, phenolics, thiabflavonoidsnyob rau hauv lub crudeextract yog 58.2 feem pua , 1.6 feem pua , 7.7 feem pua , thiab 2.0 feem pua , raws li (Tables1–3). Tshwj xeeb, cov crudeextract muaj ntau yam PUFAs hauv cov ntsiab lus lipid zoo li -linolenic, linoleic acid, thiabEPA, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kev laus, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob (Table1). Nwskuj muaj ntau yam carotenoids nrog rau astaxanthin, - carotene, zeaxanthin,canthaxanthin, thiab violaxanthin (Table2, Daim duab S1, Table S1), uas tau paub txogmuaj antioxidant, photoprotective, thiab anti-melanogenic zog. Ntxiv rau, tag nrhophenolics 'thiab flavonoid ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv crude extract ntawm NG15 (Table3) tau kujsiab piv rau lwm cov uas tau tshaj tawm yav dhau los Cistanche [43–45].
2.2. Hauv Vitro Cytotoxicity ntawm NG15 Extract
Cov nyhuv ntawm NG15 extract ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntawm B16F10, CCD-986sk, ib txwm hutxiv neej dermal fibroblast (NHDF), thiab NF-κB luciferase reporter NIH3T3 ruaj khov hlwb yogtxiav txim siab los ntawm MTT kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 100-1500µg / mL. Kev kho mob nrog covNG15 extract tsis tseem ceeb txo cov cell viability ntawm tag nrho cov kab ntawm tes kuaj mus txog rauconcentration ntawm 1000µg / mL, tab sis nws txo qis me ntsis ntawm 1500µg/ml (Fig1a–d).
2.3. Anti-Melanogenic Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm NG15 Extract
Txhawm rau ntsuas seb NG15 extract puas muaj cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij dawb, peb tau soj ntsuam nws hauv-cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tyrosinase thiab intracellular melanin synthesis. Los ntawm tyrosinase inhibitionKev soj ntsuam, peb pom tias kev ua haujlwm tyrosinase raug txo los ntawm kev kho mob nrog NG15extract nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj-nyob ntawm seb. Cov haujlwm tyrosinase inhibition yog7.84 ± 2.54, 19.68 ± 2.64, 26.24 ± 1.21, 40.16 ± 0.55, thiab 59.2± 0.48 feem pua tom qab kho nrog NG15extract ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm 100, 250, 500, 750, thiab1000 µg / mL, feem, thaum arbutin(300 µM), siv los tswj qhov zoo, nthuav tawm tyrosinase inhibition kev ua ntawm47.52 ± 3.09 feem pua(Daim duab2a). Lub tyrosinase inhibition kev ua ntawm NG15 extract ntawm1000 µg / mLtau siab duantau tshaj li ntawm arbutin (300µM). Txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog kev tiv thaiv melanogenic ntawm NG15Extract, Lub hlwb B16F10 tau stimulated nrog - melanocyte-stimulating hormone ( -MSH,100 nM), thiab cov ntsiab lus melanin hauv B16F10 hlwb kho nrog NG15 extract lossis arbutinraug ntsuas. NG15 extract tau nthuav tawm qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm melaninsynthesis nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj-nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv. Piv nrog rau cov cell tsis kho, cov ntsiab lus melanintom qab kev kho mob ntawm cov extract tau212.53 ± 4.72, 171.06 ± 3.57, ib128.60 ± 3.67% uantawmib tug concentration ntawm 250, 500, thiab1000 µg / mL, raws. Cov ntsiab lus melanin ntawm B16F10hlwb kho nrog nkaus xwb -MSH (100 nM) pom 247.65± 4.15 feem pua. Qhov tshwm sim no sawv cev rauQhov tseeb tias NG15 extract txo melanin cov ntsiab lus hauv -MSH-kho B16F10 hlwb ncemus txog 48 feem pua. Kev tswj zoo, arbutin (300µM), pom 88.27± 1.50 feem pua ntawm cov ntsiab lus melaninpiv rau cov hlwb uas tsis kho, sib raug rau 64 feem pua ntawm cov ntsiab lus melanin hauv -MSH-kho B16F10 hlwb (Daim duab2b).
Daim duab 1. Cov nyhuv ntawm NG15 extract (0-1500 ug/mL) ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntawm (a) B16F1{{10}}, (b) NHDF, (C) NF-KB luciferase reporterNIH3T3 cov hlwb ruaj khov, thiab (d) CCD-986sk cells. Tswj txhais tau tias lub cell viability ntawm cov hlwb tsis muaj NG15 extract; * denotes ap value < 0.05, n=3, Student's f test; ** denotes ap value < 0.01, n=3, Student's test.
2.4. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, thiab UV-tiv thaiv kev ua ntawm NG15
ExtractThe DPPH assay tau ua hauj lwm los ntsuam xyuas cov kev ua antioxidant ntawm NG15 extractThe DPPH radical scavenging kev ua ntawm NG15 extract tau nce nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj raws li qhov ntau ntawm 100-1000 ug / mL. Tshwj xeeb, DPPH radical scavenging kev ua ub no yog 8.71 士 1.38,20.12 土 1.38, 51.65 1.88, 54.95 thiab 2.38, thiab 57.{{20}}. 52 feem pua tom qab kev kho mob nrog 100, 250, 500, 750, thiab 1000 ug / mL ntawm NG15 extract, raws li, thaum ascorbic acid (5 ug / mL) pom 54.86 土 0.31 feem pua ntawm DPPH radical scavenging kev ua. Lub DPPHradical scavenging kev ua si ntawm 1000 ug / mL ntawm NG15 extract yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm ascorbic acid (5 ug / mL) (Daim duab 3a). Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cov haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm NG15 extract, peb txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov extract ntawm TNF-a-induced NF-B activation los ntawm NF-kB-dependent luciferase reporter assay. Thaum NF-kB luciferase reporter NIH3T3stable hlwb tau kho nrog ntau qhov ntau ntawm NG15 extract, TNF-a-induced luciferase kev ua haujlwm tau txo qis hauv kev siv tshuaj ntau txog 15.40 ntxiv rau 0.38 feem pua ntawm 1000 ug / mL piv rau cov hlwb kho nrog nkaus xwb. TNF-a (Daim duab 3b). Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tiv thaiv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm NG15 extract ntawm daim tawv nqaij tom qab raug UVB, kev ua haujlwm tau zoontawm CCD-986sk cells raug ntsuas los ntawm MTT kev soj ntsuam. Kev muaj peev xwm ntawm CCD-986sk cells tom qabraug 30 mJ/cm2 UVB poob rau 79.01± 2.57 feem pua ntawm cov hlwb tswj. Txawm li cas los xij,Kev kho mob nrog NG15 extract tseem ceeb txo qhov UVB-induced cell tuag hauv akoob tshuaj-dependent yam. Lub cell viability ntawm CCD-986sk kho nrog NG15 extract yog87.49 ± 7.49, 89.00 ± 2.89, 97.17 ± 7.19, 100.45 ± 5.62 thiab 109.48± 8.25 feem pua tom qab kho100, 250, 500, 750, thiab 1000µg / mL ntawm NG15 extract, feem, piv rau kev tswjcell (Fig3c).
Daim duab 2. Cov nyhuv anti-melanogenic ntawm NG15 extract. (a) Hauv vitro tyrosinase inhibition kev ua ntawm NG15 extract tawm tsam nceb tyrosinase.** qhia txog p-value < 0.01 piv rau ib pab pawg (tsis kho). # qhia txog ap tus nqi < 0.01 versusarbutin-kho hlwb; n=3: Tub kawm ntawv f test. (b) Cov nyhuv ntawm NC15 extract ntawm melanin cov ntsiab lus hauv a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)-stimulated B16F10 hlwb. ## thiab ** denoe ap tus nqi <0.01 piv rau c-MSH-tsuas yog-kho hlwb; n=3; Tub kawm ntawv xeem. Arbutin (300 uM) tau siv los ua kev tswj xyuas zoo.
2.5. Daim tawv nqaij Moisturizing thiab Anti-Wrinkle Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm NG15 Extract
Txhawm rau ntsuas cov tawv nqaij hydration kev ua haujlwm ntawm NG15 extract, kev qhia ntawmHAS-2 (moisturizing-related gene) hauv NHDF hlwb tau tshawb xyuas siv qPCR. CovYOG-2mRNA qhia tau qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm kev kho mob nrog NG15 extract hauv akoob tshuaj-dependent yam. Tus txheeb ze mRNA qhia theem ntawmYOG-2piv rau tsis khoCell yog 199.88± 10.63, 263.91 ± 2.47 thiab 274.58± 1.37 feem pua, tom qab kho nrog250, 500, thiab 1000µg / mL ntawm NG15 extract rau 24 h, feem, whereasYOG-2mRNAqhia theem ntawm NHDF hlwb kho nrog retinoic acid (50 nM) yog 316.31± 8.89% ua(Daim duab4a). Txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm NG15 extract ntawm collagen degradation thiabsynthesis, kev qhia ntawmMMP -1thiabCol1A 1tau soj ntsuam siv qPCR. CovMMP -1mRNA qhia ntawm NHDF hlwb raug txo los ntawm kev kho nrog NG15 extractnyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj-raws li, mus txog 26.71 feem pua ntawm 1000µg / mL, piv rau cov tsis khotswj (Daim duab4b). CovCol1A 1mRNA qhia ntawm NHDF hlwb kho nrog covNG15 extract tsis tau qhia qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov koob tshuaj qis dua 500µg / ml,tab sis nws tau nce los ntawm 15.53± 2.75 feem pua ntawm 1000µg / mL, piv rau kev tswj tsis tau kho(Daim duab4c). Peb kuj tshawb xyuas cov nyhuv ntawm NG15 extract ntawm inhibition ntawm elastasekev ua si. NG15 extract tau pom elastase inhibitory kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv koob tshuaj,mus 24.88± 0.80 feem pua ntawm 1000µg / mL, piv rau kev tswj tsis tau kho (Daim duab4d)
Daim duab 3. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, thiab UV-tiv thaiv kev ua ub no ntawm NG15 extract. (a) DPPH dawb radical scavenging kev ua ntawm NG15 extract. L-ascorbic acid (5 ug / mL) tau siv los ua kev tswj kom zoo. ** qhia txog p-tus nqi < 0.01 piv rau pawg ib txwm (tsis kho). n {{1{{3{32}}}}}}; Tub kawm ntawv t-test. (b) Cov nyhuv ntawm NG15 extract ntawm NF-xB-dependent, TNF-a-induceduciferase acivity nyob rau hauv NF-B luciferase reporter NlH313 ruaj khov hlwb. ** txhais tau tias ap alue < 0.01 piv rau TNF-a-tsuas yog-kho cell. n=3; Tub kawm ntawv t-test. (C) Cov nyhuv tiv thaiv ntawm NG15 extract ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntawm CCD-986sk hlwb tom qab raug UVB (30 m) / cm'). ## qhia txog p-tus nqi <0.01 piv rau ib txwm (tsis kho thiab tsis raug UVB) pawg. ** qhia txog tus nqi <0.01 tiv thaiv UVB-tsuas yog-kho pab pawg. n=3; Tub kawm ntawv f test.
Daim duab 4. Daim tawv nqaij moisturizing thiab anti-wrinkle kev ua ub no ntawm NG15 extract. mRNA qhia theem ntawm (a) HAS-2b)MMP-1, thiab (C) Col1A1. (d) Hauv vitro elastase inhibition kev ua haujlwm ntawm NG15 extract tawm tsam elastase los ntawm NHDF hlwb qhia txog p-tus nqi < 0.05 piv rau ib pawg (tsis kho). denotes ap tus nqi <0.01 piv rau ib txwm (tsis kho) groupn=3; Tub kawm ntawv xeem. Retinoic acid (50 nM), TCF-3 (5 ng / ml, thiab phosphoramidon disodium ntsev (10 uM) tau siv los ua kev tswj hwm zoo, raws li. -actin noob.
