Echinoside Inhibitory Activity txhim kho kev nco tsis txaus.
Mar 23, 2023
Abstract
Ntau yam kev ua ub no lom neeg ntawmechinoside tau tshaj tawm. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, echinoside qhov kev nco-txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Cov roj tseem ceeb tau npaj los soj ntsuam hauv cov nas uas tau kho nrog scopolamine. Cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm GC-MS / GC-FID system. Lub peev xwm nco tau ntawm nas tau sim los ntawm Y-zoo li qhov tshawb nrhiav thiab radial caj npab maze. Cov kev ua enzyme thiab molecular docking tsom xam ntawm acetylcholinesterase kuj tau ua. Tag nrho ntawm 44 qhov sib txawv tau raug txheeb xyuas hauv echinoside. Echinoside txhim kho cov tsiaj txhu kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv Y-maze xeem. Tsis tas li ntawd, echinoside tau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub thiab siv lub cim xeeb hauv cov nas scopolamine hauv qhov ntsuas radial caj npab tshawb. Nws kuj qhia tau hais tias hauv vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, molecular docking txoj kev qhia tias qee qhov sib txuas hauv cov roj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog acetylcholinesterase. Echinoside txhim kho scopolamine - induced spatial nco nyob rau hauv nas. Cov nyhuv neuroprotective ntawm echinoside tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm anticholinesterase. Echinoside tuaj yeem siv los ua kev kho mob ntxiv los txhim kho kev nco hauv Alzheimer's kab mob thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Ntawm lawv,cistanche muaj ntau echinoside.
Cov lus tseem ceeb:Cistanche; Nco; Echinoside; Scopolamine.
1. Taw qhia
Alzheimer's disease (AD), uas yog hom dementia tshaj plaws, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas hlwb loj heev los ntawm kev puas hlwb neuronal. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg uas muaj Alzheimer's xav tias yuav ncav cuag 135 lab thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm 2050, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab vim nws yog kab mob uas tsis muaj kev kho. Lub ntsiab pathological feature ntawm tus kab mob no yog tsub zuj zuj ntawm amyloid plaques nyob rau hauv lub hlwb thiab tsim ntawm neurofibrillary tangles. Ntau lwm yam mob, xws li oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab o, kuj tau raug sau tseg rau cov neeg mob AD. Lub ntsiab ua rau tus kab mob no tsis paub. Txawm li cas los xij, Alzheimer's tus kab mob yog qhov tseeb tias yog ib qho kab mob uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam; Yog li ntawd, kev tuag ntawm tus neeg mob yog inevitable. Txog niaj hnub no, ntau lub tswv yim kho mob tau tsim los kho AD; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tsis tuaj yeem tso tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, AD yog ib yam kab mob uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov neeg hauv tsev neeg uas tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem puas hlwb.
Kev puas hlwb kev puas hlwb, nrog rau kev nco tsis tau, yog ib qho kev kho mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tsos mob ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm AD tau pom nyob hauv kwv yees li 75-90 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob AD. Yog li ntawd, cov tsos mob tsis paub qab hau kuj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tiag tiag. Apathy, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog, kev ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab, thiab kev ntxhov siab yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg mob AD.
Scopolamine yog ib qho antagonist ntawm muscarinic receptors. Scopolamine tau pom tias ua rau muaj teeb meem kev txawj ntse, suav nrog kev nco, hauv tsiaj thiab tib neeg. Yog li ntawd, scopolamine mediated tsiaj qauv ntawm dementia tau siv los tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj uas yuav muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv neuroprotective.
Yees duab: Cistanche Extract
Tam sim no, muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv AD muaj ntau yam kev phiv. Yog li ntawd, muaj kev xav tau ceev ceev rau cov tshuaj tshiab raws li cov tshuaj ntuj lossis cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv neuroprotective thiab tsis muaj kev phiv tshwm sim. Ntawm lawv, ib tug kws kho tsiaj hauv Nyij Pooj tau pib kawm txog kev kho mob ntawm cistanche ntawm AD nyob rau xyoo pua xeem.
Acetylcholine (ACh) yog ib qho tshuaj neurotransmitter. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), ntawm qhov tod tes, cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm ACHE hauv cholinergic neurotransmission. Cov tshuaj Antiacetylcholinesterase tau siv los kho AD. AChE inhibitory kev ua ub no ntawm ntau lub tebchaw tau raug tshuaj xyuas. Txhawm rau txuag lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag, cov kev tshawb fawb molecular docking tau dav siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem tshawb nrhiav tshuaj. Cov kev tshawb fawb docking yog siv los ntsuam xyuas seb ob lub molecules cuam tshuam thiab tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov. Hauv qhov no, molecular docking kuj tuaj yeem siv los kwv yees qhov tseeb kev taw qhia ntawm cov molecules hauv txoj kev.
Cistanche tseem yog cov nroj tsuag tshuaj vim nws muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog, tiv thaiv qog, ua kom lub plab zom mov, lub raum tonifying, lub siab tiv thaiv thiab sedative zog. Hauv ib cheeb tsam hauv Qaib Cov Txwv, qee hom kuj tau siv los ua tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab los kho mob raum.
Daim duab: Cistanches Benefits
2. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem
2.1. Distillation ntawm cov nroj tsuag raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab extracts
Cov nroj tsuag siv hauv txoj kev tshawb no yog cistanche tubulosa. Cov khoom siv cog tau sau hauv Hotan, Xinjiang. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm echinoside tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj physicochemical extraction.
2.2. Gas chromatography (GC-FID) tsom xam
Echinoside yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm GC-FID / GC-MS system. HP's Agilent 5973N GC-MS system thiab 6890 GC tau siv rau GC-FID tsom xam. Lub kaw lus tau nruab nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ionization (FID). Cov xwm txheej hauv lub cev muaj raws li hauv qab no: cov khoom siv roj siv hauv lub cev yog helium; Cov chromatography tau ua tiav ntawm HP-5 MS kem nrog 3{{10}} m × 0.25 mm id thiab membrane thickness ntawm 0.25 μm. Cov roj yog diluted 100 zaug 2in n-hexane; 1.0 μL roj tau txhaj rau hauv qhov tsis sib cais. Qhov ntsuas kub yog 250 degree thiab tus nqi ntws yog 1.3 mL / min. Cov txheej txheem tsom xam raws li hauv qab no: qhov cub kub ntawm GC tau khaws cia ntawm 70 degree rau 2 feeb thiab maj mam nce mus rau 150 degree ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10 degree / min. Tom qab ntawd, qhov kub thiab txias nyob twj ywm ntawm 150 degree rau 15 feeb ua ntej nce mus rau 240 degree ntawm 5 degree / min. Cov feem pua ntawm cov roj tsis hloov pauv yog tau los ntawm GC-FID ncov uas tsis muaj qhov hloov kho.
2.3. Gas chromatography (GC-MS) tsom xam
Tib kab tau siv rau GC-MS tsom xam. Cov xwm txheej zoo ib yam rau GC-FID thiab GC-MS. Qhov ntsuas kev tuav pov hwm (RI) yog nyob ntawm n-alkanes (C8-40). MS yog 70 eV nrog ntau yam ntawm 35-425. Cov tebchaw tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sib piv RIs thiab huab hwm coj spectrometry los ntawm ob lub tsev qiv ntawv (Wiley 7 thiab Nist 98).
2.4. Tsiaj txhu thiab pawg sim
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, 28 tus poj niam Wistar nas (250-300 g) tau siv. Cov dej thiab zaub mov pub dawb rau txhua tus tsiaj hauv qhov chaw uas tswj qhov kub thiab txias (22 degree , 12-teev voj voog). Cov tsiaj raug kho nrog kev ua siab mos siab muag thiab hwm cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev noj qab haus huv tsiaj. Firat University Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees hauv cheeb tsam pom zoo txoj kev tshawb no. Cov tsiaj sim tau muab faib ua 4 pawg nrog 7 tsiaj hauv txhua pab. Cov pab pawg tswj hwm tau txhaj tshuaj nrog 0.9 feem pua ntawm cov kua qaub ib txwm. 2. Echinoside kho tsiaj ib leeg tau txais 1.5 mg / kg Sco hauv 0.9 feem pua ntau cov kua qaub li kev tswj tsis zoo. 3. Echinoside kho tsiaj tau txhaj nrog 1 feem pua N. nuda ssp. 4. Echinoside kho tsiaj tau txais 3 feem pua N. nuda ssp. Kernel tseem ceeb roj (Sco ntxiv rau NPT3 feem pua).
2.5. Inhalers thiab tshuaj
Kho nrog N. nuda ssp. Inhalation yog ua nyob rau hauv lub plexiglass chamber (5{10}} x 40 x 28 cm). Ua ntej dilute cov roj volatile nrog Tween 20 (1 feem pua) thiab nthuav tawm rau nas (200ul). Ectoside extracts tau raug tswj hwm siv hluav taws xob carburetor (Oregon Scientific WS113). Cov tsiaj sim tau raug echinoside vapor rau 21 hnub (15 feeb / hnub) ib hnub. Thaum kawg ntawm kev sim, ntxuav chav kom tsim nyog nrog ethanol (10 feem pua). Scopolamine hydrobromide tau yaj hauv 0.9 feem pua NaCl thiab echinoside (1.5 mg / kg) tau txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneally. Kev ntsuam xyuas tus cwj pwm tau ua rau cov nas 30 feeb tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
2.6. Y-maze test
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, y maze test tau siv los ntsuas lub sijhawm luv luv. Y-shaped maze muaj peb caj npab thiab ib qho chaw nruab nrab. Peb hu ua caj npab A, B thiab C (35cm ntev thiab 10cm dav) thiab teem lub maze rau 25cm siab. Thaum pib ntawm qhov kev sim, txhua tus nas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm caj npab A, kom txhua tus nas tau taw qhia tib txoj kev. Cov nas tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav rau yim feeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, caj npab tus nas nkag tau ua tib zoo kaw. Nws yuav tsis yog qhov nkag yog tias nws tsis muaj plaub nas claws hauv nws txhais tes. Tom qab 8 feeb, cov nas raug kho, tshem tawm ntawm lub pob zeb, ntxuav nrog ethanol (10 feem pua) thiab npaj rau cov tsiaj tom ntej. Thaum tus nas txav tag nrho peb caj npab ua ke (ABC lossis ACB lossis CAB, thiab lwm yam), qhov no pom tau tias yog kev hloov pauv. Qhov feem pua ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tau suav tias yog :(tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev hloov kho kom raug / tag nrho cov ntawv rho tawm 2) x100.
Daim duab: Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Cistanche kho Alzheimer's disease
3. Cov txiaj ntsig
3.1. Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm echinoside
GC-ms / GC-FID system tau siv los kuaj pom. Kev tshuaj xyuas pom tau tias 44 lub tebchaw suav nrog 90.1 feem pua ntawm tag nrho echinoside. Kev tshuaj xyuas pom tau tias feem ntau ntawm cov roj muaj li ntawm 4a-, 7a- thiab 7a- -Neginolactone (50.0 feem pua).
3.2. Alternating tus cwj pwm hauv y maze hauj lwm
N. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm nuda ssp. Hauv txoj haujlwm no, qhov feem pua ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tau pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pab pawg. Hauv kev ua haujlwm Y-maze, daim ntawv thov echoladin txo qhov feem pua ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv mus rau pawg tswj hwm raws li xav tau (p< 0.005). Sco vs Sco+NPT 1% (p< 0.05) and Sco vs. Sco+NPT 3% (p< 0.05) was obtained by Tukey postmortem test. Management of two doses of N. nuda SSPS. Echinoside significantly increased the anisodamine-induced spontaneous alternation rate in rats.
4. Kev sib tham
Cov nroj tsuag muab ntau qhov chaw rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tshiab los kho ntau yam kab mob. Echinoside yog ib qho nyuaj metabolite tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv cov khoom cog. Echinoside muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm lom neeg, suav nrog cov teebmeem antioxidant thiab anticholinesterase. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb hauv cistanche tau yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig lossis lwm yam; Yog li, qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem txwv qhov kev txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig kev sim.
Echinoside inhalation kuj txo cov haujlwm AChE hauv scopolamine kho hippocampi. Tsis tas li ntawd, molecular docking tsom xam pom tias cov tebchaw hauv Cistanche muaj kev faib khoom zoo. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tebchaw xws li perhydrofarnicyl acetone thiab trans-cis-eolactone nrog AChE enzyme tau pom. Yog li ntawd, kev nco-txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm echinoside tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau cholinesterase inhibitory zog.
Nyem qhov no los txhawb koj lub cim xeeb
5. Cov lus xaus
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, echinoside txhim kho kev nco ua haujlwm hauv scopolamine kho nas. Echinoside kuj tseem muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm acetylcholinesterase. Yog li ntawd, cistanche muaj kev nco-txhim kho kev ua si. Echinoside tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm anticholinesterase. Echinoside tuaj yeem siv los kho cov kab mob neurological xws li Alzheimer's disease.
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