Cov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab kev cia siab ntawm TCM hauv kev ncua kev laus ntawm txiv neej
Aug 29, 2024
Abstract Kab lus no tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm TCM hauv kev ncuatxiv neej kev laus lausua ke nrog kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob niaj hnub. TCM ntseeg tias covnce thiab poob ntawm lub raum essenceyog ze ze rautxiv neej kev ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub ntseeg hais tiastxiv neej kev laus lausmuaj feem xyuam rautxo qis testosterone qib, txo cov phev zoo, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm epididymal inflammatory. Kab lus no teev cov txheej txheem ntawm inhibiting kev laus ntawm cov txiv neej nas los yog nas los ntawm ib qho khoom xyaw zoo ntawm Suav tshuaj xws li Angelica polysaccharide, puerarin, tag nrho flavonoids ntawmEpimedium, Cistanche,tsis paub saponins,ginsenosides muaj, tanshinone, resveratrol, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau cov tshuaj suav suav Wuzi Yanzong Pills, He Shouwu Drink, thiab Dahuang Shuchong Pills. Tsis tas li ntawd, electroacupuncture thiab moxibustion tuaj yeem ncua kev laus ntawm cov nas. TCM muaj qee qhov zoo hauv kev ncua kev laus ntawm txiv neej.
Keywords Txiv neej kev laus kev laus; TCM; Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv
Txiv neej kev laus laus yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev maj mam poob rau hauv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus txiv neej kev ua haujlwm. Txiv neej kev laus laus tuaj yeem yog kev laus ntawm lub cev los ntawm lub hnub nyoog, tab sis feem ntau nws yog pathological aging tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam kab mob uas ua rau kom muaj kev loj hlob ntawm kev laus, xws li oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere shortening, genetic hloov, thiab lwm yam. 1] vim qhov ceev ceev ntawm lub neej, kev kub siab, kev noj zaub mov tsis tu ncua thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab so tus cwj pwm ntawm cov tib neeg niaj hnub no. Ntau yam kab mob pathogenic ua rau cov txiv neej lub cev xeeb tub maj mam poob nws lub cev kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev poob qis ntawm endocrine muaj nuj nqi thiab spermatogenesis, uas ua rau cov txiv neej kab mob xws li cov phev tsis zoo, txiv neej lig pib hypogonadism, thiab kev sib deev tsis zoo. Cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav muaj nplua nuj theoretical thiab cov tswv yim kev paub hauv kev ncua kev laus zuj zus. Kab lus no yuav tshuaj xyuas cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj hauvncua kev laus ntawm txiv neejhauvua ke nrog cov tshuaj niaj hnub.
NYEM QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM
1 TCM txoj kev nkag siab ntawm txiv neej kev laus kev laus
Qhov nce thiab poob ntawm lub raum essence yog ze ze rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm txiv neej. Thaum ntxov ntawm Suwen Shanggu Tianzhen Lun, muaj kev nkag siab zoo txog txiv neej kev laus laus, "Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 58 xyoo, lub raum qi poob qis, cov plaub hau poob, thiab cov hniav qhuav ... Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 88, cov hniav thiab cov plaub hau poob tawm. " Feem ntau hais lus, cov txiv neej nkag mus rau lub sijhawm laus tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 40 xyoo, Yangming mem tes maj mam poob qis, Tiangui maj mam tso tawm, lub cev muaj hnub nyoog, cov ntsiab lus maj mam depletes, thiab lub peev xwm ua me nyuam maj mam poob. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 64 xyoos, lub raum qi poob qis, Tiangui tau qaug zog, thiab kev muaj peev xwm ua me nyuam poob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsab xov xwm tseem tham txog cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm "muaj peev xwm ncua kev laus thiab ua kom lub cev tsis zoo" thiab "muaj menyuam thaum muaj hnub nyoog 100". "Txoj kev vam meej thiab poob ntawm ib tug neeg txhua yam pib los ntawm ob lub raum." Cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav hais tias ncua sijhawm kev laus zuj zus yuav tsum pib nrog kev ntxiv rau lub raum thiab lub raum qi kom ntxiv Tiangui. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov tshuaj raum-tonifying tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kev laus hauv ntau yam, xws li oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress response, qia cell proliferation and differentiation, immune enhancement, and neuroprotection [2]. Lub essence thiab qi nyob rau hauv lub raum kuj nyob ntawm seb cov khoom noj ntawm lub essence thiab qi ntawm tsib lub hauv nruab nrog cev. "Lub raum tswj dej, tau txais thiab khaws cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsib lub hauv nruab nrog cev thiab rau lub plab." Kev tshawb fawb txog kev muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv tshuaj ntawm 530 daim ntawv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus hauv 87 phau ntawv kho mob Suav thaum ub los ntawm Han Dynasty mus rau Qing Dynasty kuj pom tias cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv lub raum meridian, ua raws li daim siab, spleen, plawv, ntsws, thiab plab meridians, thiab feem ntau nkag mus rau tsib lub cev thiab lub plab [3]. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias qhov nce thiab poob ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub raum yog ze ze rau qhov nce thiab poob ntawm cov essence nyob rau hauv tsib lub hauv nruab nrog cev thiab rau lub plab. Thaum nourishing lub raum, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob quav ntsej txog kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsib lub hauv nruab nrog cev thiab rau lub plab.
2 Cov tshuaj niaj hnub nkag siab txog txiv neej kev laus laus
2.1 Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus ntawm testosterone qib
Kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob niaj hnub no ntseeg tias testosterone yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm kev sib deev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev, thiab kev laus ntawm cov menyuam yaus feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav qib testosterone [4]. Leydig cells (LC) yog cov hlwb tseem ceeb uas tsim cov testosterone hauv cov txiv neej [5]. Thaum lub sij hawm laus, lub peev xwm ntawm LC los ua ke testosterone maj mam txo. Leydig qia hlwb (SLCs) nyob rau hauv testicular interstitium tuaj yeem proliferate thiab sib txawv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm LCs [6]. Qhov tsis muaj nestin txo qhov muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm SLCs los ntawm kev sib cais mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs), yog li ua rau txiv neej kev laus laus [7].
Kev nce qib ntawm cov pa oxygen reactive (ROS) tuaj yeem ua rau qia cell laus [8]. Kev laus thiab muaj cov macrophages tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv ntawm SLCs [9]. Kev ua ntawm p38 MAPK hauv lub cev nce nrog lub hnub nyoog, uas txhawb nqa LC kev laus, ua rau txo qis testosterone synthesis thiab tshwm sim ntawm lig-pib hypogonadism (LOH) hauv cov txiv neej [10].
2.2 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus ntawm cov phev zoo Kev txo cov phev zoo yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus laus. Kev tshawb nrhiav rov qab ntawm cov phev zoo ntawm ntau dua 5,000 cov txiv neej hnub nyoog 16 txog 72 xyoo pom tias cov phev zoo pib poob qis tom qab hnub nyoog 34 [11]. DNA puas tsuaj los ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab yog lub ntsiab ua rau phev ua tsis taus pa [12]. Kev tsim cov ROS nce ntxiv thiab txo cov khoom noj ntawm cov tshuaj antioxidants cuam tshuam cov oxidative tshuav hauv lub cev, yog li cuam tshuam rau HPG axis thiab ua rau txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj hormones kev loj hlob, ua rau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev laus laus [13]. ROS ntau dhau ua rau ntau hom kev puas tsuaj, ua rau cov phev hlwb tsis tuaj yeem ua rau oocytes fertilize; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov nce oxidative kev ntxhov siab yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov metabolism hauv cov phev thaum lub sij hawm cia, thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau txiv neej kev laus [14]. MicroRNA (miRNA) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov phev ua haujlwm hauv cov txiv neej laus. Qhov txawv txav ntawm miRNA hauv cov phev cuam tshuam rau cov phev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov phev DNA thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm embryonic thaum ntxov; abnormally nce miRNA kuj txo ATP ntau lawm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov kab mob ua pa, ua rau mitochondrial dysfunction thiab thaum kawg ua rau phev txawv txav [15]. Kev poob ntawm cov phev motility nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej laus yog txuam nrog upregulation ntawm miＲ-574 hauv phev. miＲ-574 inhibits mitochondrial kev ua haujlwm thiab txo qis ATP ntau lawm los ntawm kev tsom ncaj qha mt-ND5 [16]. miＲ-125a{18}}p
Hauv cov qauv kev laus, nws ua rau embryonic kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb morula/blastocyst theem hauv ap21-raws li [17]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias citrate thiab oxidative phosphorylation hauv cov neeg laus raug txo qis, ua rau txo qis ATP synthesis thiab yog li txo cov phev motility; txo cov ntsiab lus carnitine hauv lub cev ua rau cov metabolism hauv fatty acid tsis zoo hauv cov phev; txo cov qib ntawm ob lub antioxidants loj, txo glutathione thiab oxidized glutathione, ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative, impairing kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov phev plasma membrane thiab DNA, yog li ua rau txiv neej infertility [18]. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev laus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv epigenetic, uas cuam tshuam rau qib ntawm histone hloov pauv hauv cov phev thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob mus rau txawv degrees [19].
2 Cov tshuaj niaj hnub nkag siab txog txiv neej kev laus laus
2.1 Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus ntawm testosterone qib
Kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob niaj hnub no ntseeg tias testosterone yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm kev sib deev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev, thiab kev laus ntawm cov menyuam yaus feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav qib testosterone [4]. Leydig cells (LC) yog cov hlwb tseem ceeb uas tsim cov testosterone hauv cov txiv neej [5]. Thaum lub sij hawm laus, lub peev xwm ntawm LC los ua ke testosterone maj mam txo. Leydig qia hlwb (SLCs) nyob rau hauv testicular interstitium tuaj yeem proliferate thiab sib txawv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm LCs [6]. Qhov tsis muaj nestin txo qhov muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm SLCs los ntawm kev sib cais mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs), yog li ua rau txiv neej kev laus laus [7].
Kev nce qib ntawm cov pa oxygen reactive (ROS) tuaj yeem ua rau qia cell laus [8]. Kev laus thiab muaj cov macrophages tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv ntawm SLCs [9]. Kev ua ntawm p38 MAPK hauv lub cev nce nrog lub hnub nyoog, uas txhawb nqa LC kev laus, ua rau txo qis testosterone synthesis thiab tshwm sim ntawm lig-pib hypogonadism (LOH) hauv cov txiv neej [10].
2.2 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus ntawm cov phev zoo Kev txo cov phev zoo yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus laus.
A rov qab kawm txog cov phev zoontawm ntau dua 5,000 cov txiv neej hnub nyoog 16 txog 72 pom tias cov phev zoo pib poob qis tom qab hnub nyoog 34 [11]. DNA puas tsuaj los ntawm oxidative kev nyuaj siab yog lub ntsiab ua rau phev ua tsis taus pa [12]. Kev tsim cov ROS nce ntxiv thiab txo cov khoom noj ntawm cov tshuaj antioxidants cuam tshuam cov oxidative tshuav hauv lub cev, yog li cuam tshuam rau HPG axis thiab ua rau txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj hormones kev loj hlob, ua rau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev laus laus [13]. ROS ntau dhau ua rau ntau hom kev puas tsuaj, ua rau cov phev hlwb tsis tuaj yeem ua rau oocytes fertilize; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov nce oxidative kev ntxhov siab yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov metabolism hauv cov phev thaum lub sij hawm cia, thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau txiv neej kev laus [14]. MicroRNA (miRNA) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov phev ua haujlwm hauv cov txiv neej laus. Qhov txawv txav ntawm miRNA hauv cov phev cuam tshuam rau cov phev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov phev DNA thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm embryonic thaum ntxov; abnormally nce miRNA kuj txo ATP ntau lawm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov kab mob ua pa, ua rau mitochondrial dysfunction thiab thaum kawg ua rau phev txawv txav [15]. Kev poob ntawm cov phev motility nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej laus yog txuam nrog upregulation ntawm miＲ{10}} hauv phev. miＲ-574 inhibits mitochondrial kev ua haujlwm thiab txo qis ATP ntau lawm los ntawm kev tsom ncaj qha mt-ND5 [16]. miＲ-125a{16}}p
Hauv cov qauv kev laus, nws ua rau embryonic kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb morula/blastocyst theem hauv ap21-raws li [17]. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias citrate thiab oxidative phosphorylation hauv cov neeg laus raug txo qis, ua rau txo qis ATP synthesis thiab yog li txo cov phev motility; txo cov ntsiab lus carnitine hauv lub cev ua rau cov metabolism hauv fatty acid tsis zoo hauv cov phev; txo cov qib ntawm ob lub antioxidants loj, txo glutathione thiab oxidized glutathione, ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg hauv lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative, uas ua rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov phev plasma membrane thiab DNA, yog li ua rau txiv neej infertility [18]. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev laus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv epigenetic, uas cuam tshuam rau qib ntawm histone hloov kho thaum lub sij hawm spermatogenesis mus rau qib sib txawv [19].
2.3 Cov teebmeem ntawm txiv neej kev laus laus ntawm cov epididymis
Kev laus ntawm cov noob qes muaj nuj nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb tam sim no ntawm kev laus zuj zus. Qhov tseeb, lwm yam khoom ntawm kev ua me nyuam, suav nrog vas deferens (epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts thiab urethra), cov qog ua haujlwm (spermatic vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands), thiab poob ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub scrotum thiab. noov kuj poob nyob rau hauv lub Scope ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm txiv neej reproductive aging. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kab mob epididymal thawj ntu (IS) hauv cov qauv nas uas muaj hnub nyoog siv ib leeg-hlwb RNA sequencing pom tias cov laus epididymal IS nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv mob, nrog rau cov cell infiltration, cytokine secretion, tiv thaiv cell infiltration, thiab nce pro-inflammatory molecule. qhia profiles, muab lub hauv paus theoretical rau ncua kev laus ntawm txiv neej kev laus los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob yav tom ntej [20].
2.1 Cov yam ntxwv yooj yim
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nyuaj siab, kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev ntxhov siab hauv 582 txiv neej cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Chongqing yog 6.70%, 12.71%, thiab 6.70% raws li, thiab feem ntau ntawm zaum tsawg dua 6 teev, 6-10 teev, thiab ntau dua. 10 teev ib hnub twg yog 31.96%, 57.04%, thiab 11.00% feem, saib Table 1.
