Antioxidative teebmeem ntawm Phenylethanoids Los ntawm Cistanche Deserticola

Hu rau: Audrey Hu Whatsapp / hp: 0086 13880143964 Email:audrey.hu@wecistanche.com

Quanbo Xiong / Shigetoshi Kadota, Tadato Tani, 6 thiab Tsuneo Namba"

Cov acetone-H2O (9: 1) extract los ntawm qia ntawm Cistanche deserticola pom muaj zog dawb radical scavenging kev ua si. Cuaj qhov loj phenylethanoid tebchaw raug rho tawm los ntawm no extract. Lawv tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm NMR li acteoside, isoacteoside, l^acetylacteoside, tubuloside B, echinacoside, tubuloside A, syringalide A 3z-a-rhamno-pyranoside, cistanoside A thiab cistanoside F. Tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw no pom muaj zog dawb radicals ntau dua li kev ua ub no. -tocopherol ntawm 1,1 -diphenyI-2-picrylhydrazy 1 (DPPH) radical thiab xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XOD) generated superoxide anion radical (Oj). Ntawm cuaj lub tebchaw, isoacteoside thiab tubuloside B, uas nws caffeoyl moiety yog nyob ntawm d'-txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj, pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau XOD. Peb tau kawm ntxiv txog cov teebmeem ntawm cov phenylethanoids ntawm lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas daim siab microsomes induced los ntawm enzymatic thiab non-enzymatic meth ods. Raws li kev cia siab, txhua tus ntawm lawv tau nthuav tawm qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho tib si ascorbic acid / Fe2 ntxiv thiab ADP / NADPH / Fe3 ntxiv rau induced lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas daim siab microsomes, uas muaj zog tshaj a-tocopherol los yog caffeic acid. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative eflFect tau pom tias muaj zog los ntawm kev nce ntawm cov phenolic hydroxyl pawg hauv cov molecule.

Ntsiab lus: Cistanche deserticola; phenylethanoids;antioxidant; DPPH (1, 1 -diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical; superoxide anion radical; lipid peroxidation

Cov qia ntawm Cistanche deserticola

Lub qia ntawm Cistanche spp. (Cistanche Herba, tsev neeg Orobanchaceae) yog ib qho tonic nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj suav tshuaj siv rau kev tsis txaus ntawm lub raum uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, mob khaub thuas hauv lub duav thiab lub hauv caug, poj niam tsis muaj menyuam, thiab cem quav vim tias plab hnyuv plab hauv senile.Ntau cov khoom suav nrog phenyl-ethmoids (qee zaum hu ua phenylpropanoids), 2) ir idoids3 * thiab polysaccharides4) tau raug cais tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag no. Sato et al5} tau tshaj tawm tias qee cov phenylethanoids los ntawm cov tshuaj phem no tau pom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev txo qis ntawm kev sib deev thiab kev kawm tus cwj pwm hauv dai cov nas uas muaj kev ntxhov siab. Phenylethanoids yog cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag no thiab raug txiav txim siab los pab txhawb rau ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj no.6)

Phenylethanoids yog dav faib nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag lub nceeg vaj thiab ib txhia tau pom muaj cov kev ua ntawm anti-anoxia, 7) anti-neoplasm, 8) enzyme inhibition, 9 * anti-o, 10) antinephritis, 1 n anti-microorganism, thiab immunomodulation.12) Kev tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant ntawm qee cov phenylethanoids los ntawm Pedicularis kuj tau tshaj tawm, 13 -15) tab sis tsis muaj ntawv ceeb toom tau pom tias cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative ntawm phenylethanoids los ntawm hom Cistanche.

Nws tau pom zoo tias cov dawb radicals muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav, mob plawv, mob caj dab, mob, nrog rau cov txheej txheem degenerative cuam tshuam nrog kev laus.16™18) Hauv peb qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. , peb pom tias txhua yam ntawm CHC13 (C), EtOAc (E), acetone (A), acetone-H2O (9: 1) (AH), thiab dej (H) extract ntawm qia ntawm Cistanche deserticola pom muaj zog DPPH. radical scavenging kev ua si (Fig. 1), ntawm cov uas, qhov muaj zog tshaj yog nthuav tawm los ntawm acetone-H?.(9:1) extract (AH). Cov acetone-H2O (9: 1) extract muaj qhov sib piv siab ntawm phenylethanoids, uas yog tej zaum cov khoom siv ntawm cov dawb radical scavenging los. Peb cais cov phenylethanoids loj los ntawm cov extract no thiab kawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative los ntawm lawv cov scavenging ntawm DPPH radical thiab xanthine / XOD generated superoxide anion radical, thiab lawv inhibition ntawm ascorbic acid / Fe2 ntxiv thiab ADP / NADPH / Fe3 ntxiv rau induced lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas daim siab. microsomes.

Cistanche deserticola

Cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem

Reagents Polyamide C-200 (75一150/zm) thiab silica gel (Wakogel C-200, 75-150^m) hmoov rau kab chromatography, DPPH (1,1 -diphenyl{{ 8}}picrylhydrazyl), xanthine, XOD (xanthine oxidase), NBT (nitroblue tetrazolium), ADP, g-NADPH, caffeic acid thiab a-tocopherol tau yuav los ntawm Wako Pure Chemicals, Osaka, Nyiv. Malonaldehyde bis (dimethylacetal) yog los ntawm Tokyo Kasei, Tokyo, Nyiv. BSA (bovine serum albumin) thiab allopurinol yog los ntawm sigma, St. Louis, Teb Chaws Asmeskas Lwm cov tshuaj yog cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qib.

Cov cuab yeej UV absorbance tau ntsuas ntawm aShimadzu UV-2200 recording spectrophotometer, NMR spectra was carry on a JEOL GX-400 or a JEOL JNM-LA 400WB FT NMR system.

Nroj Tsuag Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj Siv Tshuaj Roj (tsim nyob rau hauv Nei Monggol, yuav hauv Bozhou Crude Drug Market, Anhui xeev, Tuam Tshoj, 1995; daim ntawv pov thawj speci txiv neej, TMPW No. 15479 tso rau hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Materia Medica, Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb rau Ethnomedicine, Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub koom haum rau Wakan-Yaku, Toyama Medical thiab Pharmaceutical University) tau txheeb xyuas raws li cov qia ntawm Cistanche deserticola YC Ma los ntawm kev sib piv nws cov cim morphological thiab anatomical nrog cov qauv qhabnias muab los ntawm xibfwb Dawen Shi, Department of Pharmacognosy, Shanghai Medical Uni versity, Suav.

Kev rho tawm thiab cais tawm Cov hmoov nplej hmoov (5.87 kg) tau muab rho tawm nrog CHC13 (12, 9 1x2) thiab EtOAc (9 1 x 3) ntawm chav tsev kub thiab refluxed nrog acetone (9 1 x 3), acetone-玦0 (9:1,91x3) thiab H2O (7.5 1x4) muab cov extracts ntawm CHC13 (C) (28.7g), EtOAc (E) ( 13.4g), acetone (A) (95g), acetone- H2O (9: 1) (AH) (175 g) thiab H2O (H) (2.51kg), raws li kev tiv thaiv. Ib feem ntawm lOOg ntawm acetone-H2O (9: 1) extract tau raug rau polyamide C-200 (4{{50}}}}0 g) kab thiab eluted nrog H2O ({{41) }}) thiab tom qab ntawd MeOH (5 1). Cov MeOH eluent (20 g) raug them rau silica gel (600 g) kem thiab eluted nrog CHCl3-MeOH-H2O (8: 3:0.3) (5 1) muab 10 feem. Txhua feem tau raug rau Sephadex LH-20 kem thiab eluted nrog ntau qhov sib piv ntawm MeOH-H2O (0一50 feem pua ​​); cuaj loj phenylethanoids 1 (607 mg), 2 (286 mg), 3 (43 mg), 4 (187 mg), 5 (1.1 g), 6 (100 mg), 7 (208 mg), 8 (168 mg) , 9 (75 mg) tau txais.

Tsiaj Txiv neej Std: Wistar nas (8 lub lis piam, 230一 250 g) tau siv. Cov tsiaj tau yuav los ntawm Shizuoka Laboratory Animal Center thiab tau pub nrog lub chaw kuaj pellet chow (Clea Nyiv) thiab muab dej ad libitum.

Kev npaj ntawm Rat Liver Microsomal Suspension Rat daim siab microsomal feem yog npaj los ntawm txoj kev Kiso li al.l9) tab sis tsis muaj pretreatment ntawm phenobarbital. Tom qab cov tsiaj yoo mov rau 24 teev, lub siab tau perfused nrog dej khov txias 0.9 feem pua ​​NaCl tov nyob rau hauv situ, ces txiav mus rau hauv nyias pieces thiab homogenized nyob rau hauv txias 1.15 feem pua ​​KC1 tov (1.{{9} } ml / g ntawm daim siab ntub dej). Lub homogenate tau diluted plaub zaug nrog 1.15 feem pua ​​KC1 tov thiab centrifuged ntawm 8000 g rau 20 min ntawm 4 degree. Tom qab ntawd cov seem supernatant tau sau thiab ultracentrifuged ntawm 105000 g rau 60 min. Cov pellet tau txais tau raug tshem tawm hauv tib lub ntim ntawm 1.15 feem pua ​​KC1 tov. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein tau txiav txim siab los ntawm txoj kev Lowry thiab siv albumin raws li tus qauv.

Qauv Kev Npaj Cov qauv kuaj tau yaj hauv dej lossis ethanol thiab diluted nrog dej mus rau ntau qhov ntau. Qhov kawg siab ntawm ethanol tau qis dua 1 feem pua ​​​​hauv tag nrho cov kev ntsuam xyuas tshwj tsis yog DPPH radical scavenging assay. Ethanol ntawm qhov kawg concentration qis dua 1 feem pua ​​​​pom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kev ntsuas no.

DPPH Radical Scavenging Effect Cov nyhuv scavenging sib haum rau qhov kev siv ntawm quenching DPPH radical, raws li tau piav qhia los ntawm Hatano li al.21) Tsib puas / A ntawm 60 卩m DPPH hauv EtOH tau ntxiv rau 500 / zl ntawm cov qauv tshuaj thiab tso cai rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. 30 min ntawm chav tem perature, ces qhov optical ceev tau ntsuas ntawm 520 nm. Rau qhov khoob, EtOH tau siv los hloov DPPH kev daws teeb meem, thiab rau kev tswj hwm, H2O tau siv los hloov cov qauv kev daws teeb meem. IC50 qhov tseem ceeb tau suav los ntawm cov kab regression qhov twg cov abscissa sawv cev rau cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab cov ordinate qhov nruab nrab feem pua ​​ntawm DPPH radical txo los ntawm plaub qhov kev ntsuam xyuas.

Cov teebmeem ntawm Superoxide Anion Radical Generation Kev tsim cov superoxide anions nyob rau hauv xanthine / XOD system tau txiav txim siab siv ib nrab qhov loj ntawm txoj kev Imanari li al.22) Ib qho sib xyaw ua ke ntawm 900/zl ntawm 0.05m Na2CO3 (pH 10.2), 50 / il txhua ntawm 3mM xanthine, 3mM EDTA, 1.5mg / ml BSA, 0.75 mM NBT thiab cov qauv kuaj tau ntxiv nrog 50 ntawm 0.1 mg / ml XOD los pib qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tom qab incubation rau 30 min, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nres nrog 50 / il ntawm 6 mM CuCl2 thiab qhov nqus tau ntsuas ntawm 560 nm. Kev tswj cov tshuaj tau npaj rau tib txoj kev, tab sis 50 / il ntawm H2O tau siv los hloov cov qauv kev daws teeb meem. Hauv kev daws teeb meem, 50 / il ntawm H2O tau siv los hloov XOD cov tshuaj. IC50 qhov tseem ceeb tau suav los ntawm cov kab regression qhov twg cov abscissa sawv cev rau lub cav concentration ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab cov ordinate qhov nruab nrab feem pua ​​inhibition ntawm NBT txo ntawm plaub nyob rau hauv cov kev ntsuam xyuas.

Inhibitory Effects on the Activity of XOD Inhibitory effects on the act of XOD was estimated by the method of Hatano et al.* nrog rau qee qhov kev hloov kho. Ib qho sib xyaw uas muaj 600/11 ntawm qhov tsis muaj (0.1 m phosphate tov, pH 7.5), 50 以 ntawm XOD tov (0.068 U / ml hauv tsis) thiab 50 卩 1 ntawm cov qauv tshuaj tau ua ntej incubated rau 10 min ntawm 25 degree . Tom qab ntawd, 300 pl ntawm xanthine tov (0.1 mM nyob rau hauv buffer) yog ntxiv rau cov sib tov, thiab cov resulting tov yog incubated rau 30 min ntawm 25 degree. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme raug txiav tawm los ntawm kev ntxiv 1 n HC1 (100 / zl), thiab qhov nqus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw tau ntsuas ntawm 295 nm. Qhov concentration ntawm uric acid tsim nyob rau hauv qhov sib tov yog xam los ntawm absorbance, tom qab rho tawm cov absorbance ntawm cov dawb paug tov uas tau npaj raws li tau piav saum toj no, tshwj tsis yog tias XOD tov yog hloov los ntawm 50 / zl ntawm qhov tsis. Cov teebmeem inhibitory ntawm XOD tau qhia los ntawm qhov feem pua ​​​​ inhibition (feem pua) ntawm kev tsim cov uric acid vs. uas nyob rau hauv kev tswj, nyob rau hauv uas dej tau siv es tsis txhob ntawm cov qauv tov. Tus paub zoo XOD inhibitor, allopurinol, tau siv los ua kev tswj hwm zoo.

Inhibitory Effects on Lipid Peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas Liver Microsomes Lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas daim siab microsomes non-enzymatically induced los ntawm ascorbic / Fe2 ntxiv thiab enzy matically induced los ntawm ADP / NADPH / Fe3 ntxiv tau ntsuas los ntawm txoj kev Kiso li al.l9) nrog rau qee qhov kev hloov kho. .

a) Ascorbic Acid/Fe2 ntxiv rau Induced Lipid Peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas Liver Microsomes: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw yog tsim los ntawm 390/11 ntawm 100mM KC1/45 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 50pl ntawm microsomal feem hauv 1.15 feem pua ​​KC1 (20mg protein / ml) thiab 50 以 ntawm cov qauv tshuaj. Tom qab ntxiv 10/11 ntawm 10 mM ascorbic acid / 0.5mM FeSO4 thiab tom qab ntawd incubating ntawm 37 degree rau 20 min, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov tau txias hauv dej khov kom tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lub lipid peroxidation tau ntsuas los ntawm thiobarbituric acid method24) thiab qhia tias yog MDA (malondialdehyde) ntau lawm. Qhov ntawd

b) ADP/NADPH/Fe3 plus Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Liver Microsomes: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw muaj 290贝 ntawm 100mM KC1/45him Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 50/il ntawm microsomal suspension hauv 1.15 feem pua ​​KC1 (20mg protein / ml) thiab 50 以 ntawm cov qauv hauv dej. Tsib caug ntawm freshly npaj 20 mM ADP, 50//I ntawm 1 mM NADPH thiab 10 ntawm 2mM FeCl3 tau ntxiv thiab tom qab ntawd incubated ntawm 37 degree rau 30 min. Lipid peroxidation tau ntsuas thiab IC50 yog xam los ntawm txoj kev saum toj no.

cistanche cov txiaj ntsig: tiv thaiv daim siab

TSEEM CEEB

Structure Determination Los ntawm kev sib piv ncaj qha ntawm lawv ^H-NMR thiab 13C-NMR cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv, 2 * cuaj phenylethanoids tau txheeb xyuas raws li 2,-acetylacteoside (1), cistanoside A (2), tubuloside A (3), echinacoside ( 4), acteoside (5), syringalide A 3'-a-rhamnopyranoside (6), tubuloside B (7), isoacteoside (8) thiab cistanoside F (9), raws li (Fig. 2). Txawm li cas los xij, rau acteoside, tus sawv cev tiv thaiv ntawm phenylethanoids, kev ua haujlwm ntawm 13C-NMR cov cim ntawm C-3 thiab C-4 hauv aglycone moiety, C-3, C-4 , C-5 thiab C-6 hauv caffeic moiety hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm dhau los25) tau tsis meej pem. Los ntawm txoj kev ntawm 2D-NMR xws li HMBC thiab HMQC, peb tau muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis tseeb ntawm 13C-NMR cov ntaub ntawv ntawm acteoside li aglycone moiety Cl: 131.49, C-2: 117.14, C-3: 146.07, C{ {41}}: 144.62, C-5: 116.34, C-6: 121.29, Ca: 72.33, C# 36.54; caffeoyl moiety Cl: 127.63, C-2: 115.26, C-3: 146.79, C-4: 149.78, C-5: 116.55, C-6: 123.24 , Ca: 168.33, Cg: 114.68, Cy: 148.04; Glucose moiety C-l': 104.16, C-2': 75.97, C-3': 81.66, C4: 70.39, C-5': 76.16, C-6' Yog ': 62,35; thiab rhamnose moiety: Cl: 102.99, C-2: 72.22, C-3: 72.05, C-4: 73.79, C-5: 70.58, C{115}} 18:46 Nws.

Cov qauv-kev sib raug zoo tau kawm rau cov cuaj phenylethanoids los ntawm lawv DPPH radical thiab xanthine / XOD generated superoxide anion radical scavenging kev ua ub no, ascorbic acid / Fe2 ntxiv thiab ADP / NADPH / Fe3 ntxiv rau induced lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas daim siab microsomes. Caffeic acid thiab a-tocopherol uas paub zoo tias dawb radical scavengers thiab antioxidants tau ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj tswj tau zoo.

DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity All of the nine phenylethanoids showed stronger DPPH radical scav-enging activity than either a-tocopherol or caffeic acid, except that cistanoside A (2), syringalide A 3'-a-rhamno- pyranoside (6) and cistanoside F (9) showed weaker activity than caffeic acid (Fig. 3). The activity order was tubuloside B ⑺(IC50 = 2.99 ^m) > echinacoside ⑷ (IC50 = 3.29 fiM)M 2z-acetylacteoside ⑴(IC50 = 3.30 /im) M tubuloside A (3) (IC50 = 3.34/im) acteoside (5) (IC50 = 3.36 〃m)> isoacteoside (8) (IC50 = 3.49 ^m) >caffeic acid (IC50 = 4.79 /2M)> cistanoside A (2) (IC5O = 4.87 /im)>syringalide A S'-a-rhamnopyranoside (6) (IC5O=5.52 /zm) > cistanoside F (9) (IC50=6.29 /im) > a-tocopherol (IC{{10 }}.2//m). Tubuloside B ⑺, echinacoside (4), 2/-acetylacetoside (1), tubuloside A (3), acteoside (5) thiab isoacteoside (8) (IC5O=2.99一3.49 / im), txhua qhov muaj plaub pawg phenolic hydroxyl nyob rau hauv cov molecule zoo sib xws tau pom muaj zog dua li cistanoside A (2) uas nws 3-OH ntawm aglycone moiety yog methylated. Syringalide A 3z-a-rhamnopyranoside (6) uas tsuas muaj ib pab pawg OH hauv aglycone moiety tau pom cov haujlwm tsis muaj zog. Cistanoside F (9), uas tsuas muaj ob pawg hydroxyl nyob ntawm caffeoyl moiety tab sis tsis muaj phenylethanol aglycone, nthuav tawm cov haujlwm tsis muaj zog.

Effects on Superoxide Anion Radical Generation All the tested compounds exhibited a stronger inhibitory activity than a-tocopherol but weaker than caffeic acid on the generation of superoxide anion radical (Fig. 4). The activity order was caffeic acid (IC5()= 1.82jUM)>2'- acetylacteoside (1) (IC50 = 2.25 /im) tubuloside B ⑺ (IC50 = 2.34jUM) >echinacoside (4) (IC50 = 2.74juM)^ isoacteoside (8) (IC50 = 2.88 /zm) acteoside (5) (IC50 = 2.89 f/M) >cistanoside F (9) (IC5o = 3.13 rm) tubuloside A (3) (IC50 = 3.17 jUM)syringalide A 3'-a-rhamnopyrano- side (6) (IC50 = 3.20^m)>cistanoside A (2) (IC5O=3.69 jUm) > a-tocopherol (IC50 > 10 〃m).

Inhibitory Effects on XOD Activity Tsuas yog isoacteoside (8) thiab tubuloside B (7), uas nws caffeoyl moiety nyob ntawm 6z-txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj, muaj inhibitory cuam tshuam rau kev ua ntawm XOD, thiab lwm yam phenylethanoids, uas muaj caffeoyl moiety ntawm lub ^- txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj, tsis pom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas (25一200 m) (Table 1). cais cuaj loj phenylethanoid tebchaw los ntawm no extract thiab txiav txim lawv cov qauv los ntawm NMR. raws li tubuloside B (7) M2'-acetylacteoside (1) iso-acteoside (8) echinacoside (4) tubuloside A (3) M acteo sab (5) > syringalide A 3'-a-rhamnopyranoside (6) > cistanoside A (2) > cistanoside F (9); hauv ADP/NADPH/Fe3 plus system as tubuloside B (7)2,-acetylacteoside (^^iso acteoside (8) acteoside (5) > tubuloside A (3) > echinaco side (4) > syringalide A 3z-a-rhamnopyranoside (6) > cistanoside A(2) > cistanoside F (9). ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation hauv nas daim siab microsomes.

cov teebmeem ntawm cistanche

Kev sib tham

Peb tau sim cov dawb radical scavenging kev ua ub no ntawm ntau cov kuab tshuaj extracts ntawm qia ntawm Cistanche deserticola ntawm DPPH radical thiab pom tias acetone-H2O (9: 1) extract tau nthuav tawm cov haujlwm muaj zog tshaj plaws. Txhawm rau nrhiav cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov dawb radical scavenging kev ua ub no, peb cais cuaj loj phenylethanoid tebchaw los ntawm cov extract no thiab txiav txim siab lawv cov qauv los ntawm NMR.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative ntawm cov phenylethanoids tau soj ntsuam los ntawm lawv cov dawb radical scavenging kev ua thiab kev tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation. Lub npe nrov a-tocopherol tau siv los ua cov tshuaj tswj tau zoo. Raws li covlipophilicity ntawm a-tocopherol tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws cov dej num hauv cov kev ntsuam xyuas tam sim no tshwj tsis yog hauv DPPH radical scavenging assay, peb coj caffeic acid ua lwm yam tshuaj tswj tau zoo.

Ua ntej, peb tau ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov dawb radical scavenging kev ua ub no. Tag nrho 9 qhov kev sim phenylethanoids tsis ntseeg tau pom muaj zog dua DPPH radical thiab superoxide anion radical scavenging kev ua ub no dua li a-tocopherol, tab sis qee qhov muaj zog dua thiab lwm tus tsis muaj zog tshaj caffeic acid. Cov kev ua si radical scavenging tau nce nrog kev nce ntawm cov phenolic hydroxyl pawg. Qhov tsis tiav parallelism ntawm DPPH radical thiab superoxide anion scavenging kev ua ub no tau ntseeg tias yog vim muaj cov cim sib txawv ntawm cov hom radical thiab lwm yam cuam tshuam nrog ob lub tshuab tshuaj tiv thaiv, 21,26) rau DPPH radical yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg ua rau cov radical reacts. nrog radical scavengers nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim tshuaj txiv neej ner, thaum lub superoxide anion radical yog generated los ntawm xanthin / XOD, ib tug enzyme cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Yog tias cov phenylethanoids inhibit cov xanthine / XOD gen erated superoxide anion radical, qhov inhibition yuav raug suav tias yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv cov superoxide anion radical scavenging kev ua si lossis (thiab) lawv inhibition ntawm cov enzyme XOD, 23) yog li peb tau ua qhov kev sim ntawm lawv. inhibitory teebmeem ntawm xanthine oxidase. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias, xaiv, tsuas yog isoacteoside (8) thiab tubuloside B (7), uas nws caffeoyl moiety yog nyob ntawm 6 / - txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj, ua kom pom kev inhibition. Lawv tau nthuav tawm cov nyhuv ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 25-200jtiM ntawm 3.4xlO^3U / ml (10jug / ml) ntawm XOD, txawm hais tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog dua li allopurinol; Lwm cov tshuaj, uas nws caffeoyl moiety yog nyob rau ntawm "-txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj, tsis pom muaj inhibitory nyhuv. Qhov txiaj ntsig no tau muab thawj tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm phenylethanoids ntawm XOD enzyme. Chan et al21) tau tshaj tawm tias caffeic acid thiab qee qhov ntawm nws cov analogs muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm XOD, txawm li cas los xij, peb pom tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm caffeic acid nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim no. Hauv qhov kev sim no, XOD concentration zoo ib yam li qhov kev sim ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm superoxide anion radical tiam (4.3 / zg / ml), tab sis cov concentration ntawm cov tebchaw yog ntau dua li yav tas los. Yog li ntawd, inhibition ntawm Oj tiam los ntawm cov phenylethanoids yog vim lawv cov radical scavenging kev ua si, tab sis tsis yog rau lawv inhibitory kev ua si ntawm XOD enzyme.

Cov kab mob dawb radical uas thaum kawg ua rau lipid peroxidation yog qhov paub zoo.28,29) Peb thiaj li kawm cov phenylethanoid tebchaw rau lawv cov teebmeem ntawm lipid peroxidation hauv nas daim siab microsomes induced los ntawm enzymatic system ADP / NADPH / Fe3 ntxiv thiab induced los ntawm Tsis-enzymatic system ascorbic acid / Fe2 ntxiv. Tag nrho cov tebchaw no tau pom muaj zog tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation cuam tshuam dua li caffeic acid thiab a-tocopherol hauv ob lub cev. Nws feem ntau lees txais tias ob lub tshuab yog catalyzed los ntawm hlau ions, xws li Fe2 ntxiv lossis Fe3 ntxiv, koom nrog lipid peroxyl radicals, 30,31) thiab hydroxyl radical OH ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lipid peroxidation, 32 _34) Txawm hais tias qhov pib ntawm OH tau raug nug hauv qee cov lus ceeb toom.35祁6) Ntawm qhov tod tes, superoxide anion radical OJ, uas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm e{14}} nres ntawm O2 hauv cov saw radical, yog qhov tsis zoo. reactive radical thiab tsis ua rau lipid peroxidation nws tus kheej. Txawm hais tias cov phenylethanoids tau pom qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev ua si ntawm superoxide anion radical dua li caffeic acid, lawv tau pom muaj zog tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation ntau dua li yav tas los. Yog li ntawd, peb ntseeg hais tias lawv, zoo li ib co lwm yam aromatic, chain-breaking polyphenols, yuav inhibit qhov saum toj no lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv nas daim siab microsomes los ntawm chelat ing Fe2 ntxiv los yog Fe3 ntxiv ions, thiab kuj los ntawm scavenging superoxide radical Oj mus ua txhaum radical saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. .37,38) Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob toxic radical ntau yam xws li hydroxyl radical thiab lipid peroxyl radicals kom cuam tshuam lipid peroxidation ntawm lub zog siab dua li caffeic acid.38,39)

Li et al. kawm qee cov phenylethanoid glycosides xws li acteoside (verbascoside) (5), isoacteoside (iso- verbascoside) (1), thiab echinacoside (4) los ntawm Pedicularis rau lawv inhibition ntawm autoxidation ntawm linoleic acid nyob rau hauv micelles, uas tsis yog-biological system, 13) rau lawv cov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv oxidative hemolysis nyob rau hauv vitro, 14 ''1 thiab kuj rau lawv scavenging teebmeem ntawm NBT / PMS / NADH generated superoxide thiab inhibition ntawm lipid peroxidation induced los ntawm ascorbic acid / Fe2 ntxiv rau hauv nas daim siab microsomes.15) Ib qho kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws. -Txoj kev sib raug zoo tau pom nyob rau hauv cov lus ceeb toom ntawm Li et al. thiab peb cov txiaj ntsig. Ntawd yog, kev ua ub no ntawm phenylethanoids rau inhibiting lipid peroxidation yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb thiab steric txoj hauj lwm ntawm phenolic hydroxyl pawg.15) Raws li lawv cov stereo chemistry, phenolic hydroxyl pawg ntawm caffeoyl moiety ntawm acteoside (5), tubuloside A ( 3), thiab echinacoside (4), uas muaj caffeoyl ntawm 4z-txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj, yuav yooj yim dua los tsim cov hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov hydroxyl pawg ntawm rhamnosyl dua li cov ntawm isoacteoside (8) thiab tubuloside B (7), uas. muaj caffeoyl ntawm 6'- txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov piam thaj. Yog li, tom kawg tau khaws cia ntau dawb phenolic hydroxyl pawg dua li yav dhau los thiab muaj ua ntej pom muaj zog tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation kev ua haujlwm. Peb kuj pom tias 2z-acetylation ntawm cov phenylethanoids no, txawm tias me ntsis, txhim kho lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative. Piv txwv li, acteoside (5) thiab isoacteoside (8), thaum 2'- acetylated rau hauv 2/-acetylacteoside (1) thiab tubuloside B (7), raws li, tau pom cov dej num muaj zog hauv tag nrho plaub qhov kev ntsuam xyuas. Vim tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm stereo chemistry thiab 2'-acetylation, tubuloside B (7) tau nthuav tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv kuaj. Tej zaum vim qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov thib peb qab zib moiety ntawm 6 '~ txoj hauj lwm, qhov kev sib raug zoo no tsis haum zoo nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm tubuloside A (3) lossis echinacoside (4); Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ADP / NADPH / Fe3 plus system, tubuloside A ⑶ tseem pom muaj zog tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation kev ua si dua li echinacoside (4).

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm DPPH radical scavenging kev ua haujlwm tau pom zoo ua piv txwv nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation dua li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm superoxide anion radical scavenging kev ua. Qhov no tau ua pov thawj ntxiv tias DPPH radical scavenging assay yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha rau kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas antioxidant, 26) txawm hais tias DPPH radical yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg ua rau cov radical thaum superoxide anion radical tuaj yeem yog cov kab mob endogenous radical.

Hauv kev xaus, tag nrho ntawm cuaj phenylethanoids tau nthuav tawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov dawb radical scavenging thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Cov nyhuv antioxida tiv thaiv tau muaj zog los ntawm kev nce ntawm cov phenolic hydroxyl pawg hauv cov molecule. Raws li tuaj yeem xav txog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative ntawm cov phenyletha noids tau ua pov thawj ntawm no tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj Cistanchis Herba thiab tej zaum yuav piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov dej num ntawm qee cov phenyl ethanoids tiv thaiv neoplasm, 8 * inflammatory10) thiab nephritis, 1 n nyob rau hauv uas cov dawb radicals koom nrog.

Cistsanche Echinacoside: Anti-oxidation

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