Anti-fatigue Khoom Ntawm Porphyridium Cruentum hauv nas

Hu rau: Audrey Hu Whatsapp / hp: 0086 13880143964 Email:audrey.hu@wecistanche.com

Yongmei Huang1, Yongfu Wang2, Wenjie Li3, Jingting Zhan4, Jinli Li4, Ning Li1, Lihua Tan2, Chang Qu2,Jiannan Chen2, Hui Luo4*

Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Zhanjiang rau R & D Marine Microbial Resources hauv Beibu Gulf Rim,

Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006,

Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tsev Kho Mob ntawm Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001,

Chemistry Kev Qhia thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshooj, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Zhanjiang rau R & D Marine Microbial Resources hauv Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, PR Tuam Tshoj

Lub hom phiaj:Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam ntawm Porphyridium cruentum (PC) ntawm kev qaug zog vim raug yuam ua luam dej hauv cov nas.

Txoj kev:Cov nas tau muab faib ua pawg tswj ib txwm (NC, piv txwv li, tsis kho tsis ua luam dej); pab pawg tswj hwm tus qauv (MC, ua luam dej tsis kho); Spirulina kho pab pawg (SP, 800 mg / kg); PC-kho pab pawg (50, 100, thiab 200 mg / kg), feem. Tom qab kev tswj hwm intragastric rau 14 hnub sib law liag, kev sim ua luam dej hnyav tau ua rau cov nas, thiab cov tshuaj biochemical qhia txog kev qaug zog tau raug kuaj xyuas, suav nrog lub sijhawm ua luam dej, qib qabzib (Glu), cov ntsiab lus siab glycogen (HG), cov leeg glycogen. cov ntsiab lus (MG), glutathione peroxidase kev ua ub no (GSH-Px), creatine kinase (CK), malondialdehyde (MDA), urea nitrogen theem (SUN), lactate dehydrogenase kev ua ub no (LDH), lactic acid (LA) thiab superoxide dismutase ( SOD).

Cov txiaj ntsig:PC ua rau lub sijhawm ua luam dej ntev dua piv rau MC. Tom qab PC

Kev kho mob, Glu, HG, thiab MG tau nce koob tshuaj zoo-raws li, SUN, LA, LDH, thiab CK qib hauv cov ntshav tau txo qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, PC kev kho mob tau txhawb nqa bioactivities ntawm ob lub antioxidant enzymes, uas yog, GSH-Px thiab SOD, thaum MDA cov ntsiab lus poob thaum piv rau pawg MC.

Xaus:Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau tias PC nthuav tawm muaj zog tiv thaiv kev qaug zog. Yog li, PC tej zaum yuav tsim nyog rau kev koom ua ke hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog.

Ntsiab lus: Porphyridium crumentum, Anti- nkees,Lub zog metabolism, Detrimental metabolites, Oxidative stress

Taw qhia

Porphyridium crumentum (PC), unicellular liab microalgae tsuas yog tsim nyob rau hauv tropical thiab subtropical cheeb tsam, yog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm biofuel, zaub mov, thiab tshuaj [1]. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias PC muaj ntau polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), phycoerythrin, pigments, thiab lwm yam bioactive tshuaj [2]. Ntxiv mus, cov bioactive compounds los ntawm PC ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob xws li antioxidant, tiv thaiv qog, thiab immunomodulatory zog [3]. Txawm li cas los xij, lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog ntawm PC tau nyiam qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Yog li ntawd, peb txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tsom los tshawb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog thiab cov txheej txheem ua tau ntawm PC hauv cov qauv kev ua luam dej ua rau cov nas ua kom muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd,Spirulina(SP) tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog raws li kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los thiab tau raug xaiv los ua kev tswj xyuas zoo hauv txoj kev tshawb no [4].

Kev sim

Khoom siv thiab tshuaj

PC thiab SP tau txais los ntawm ShanghaiGuangyu Biological Technology Co. Ltd thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm Prof. Ziren Su thaum Lub Rau Hli 2017. Cov khoom siv coj mus muag rau biochemical tsom xam ntawm hepatic glycogen (HG), nqaij glycogen (MG), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic acid (LA), thiab superoxide dismutase (SOD) tau muab los ntawm Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, Jiangsu, Suav).

Kev sim tsiaj

Txiv neej Kunming nas (20 ± 2 g) tau yuav los ntawm Chaw Kho Mob Kev Tshawb Fawb Tsiaj ntawm Guangdong Xeev (Foshan, Suav). Txhua tus tsiaj tau nyob hauv tsev thiab hloov kho rau 7 hnub raws li qhov chaw ib puag ncig (kub 22 ± 2 degree, av noo 55 ± 2 feem pua, thiab 12-h lub teeb / tsaus voj voog). Tag nrho cov kev sim ua tau ua raws li cov lus qhia los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Tsiaj thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [5] thiab tau pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (kev pom zoo no. 2016047).

Kev sim tsim

Tom qab 7 hnub ntawm acclimatization, nas raug txheeb xyuas rau 6 pab pawg sib txawv los ntawm randomization (n=20): pawg tswj ib txwm (NC, ib txwm saline), pawg tswj qauv (MC, ib txwm saline), pawg tswj zoo (SP , 800 mg / kg) thiab peb pawg PC cuam tshuam ntawm pawg koob tshuaj qis (PC-L, 50 mg / kg), pawg tshuaj nruab nrab (PC-M, 100 mg / kg) thiab pawg siab (PC-H, 200 mg/kg), raws. Cov koob tshuaj SP thiab PC tau txiav txim siab raws li peb qhov kev sim ua ntej thiab cov ntaub ntawv yav dhau los [6]. SP thiab PC raug tshem tawm hauv dej distilled thiab tau hais lus ib zaug ib hnub rau 14 hnub. Daim duab 1 yog daim duab schematic ntawm qhov kev sim tsim no.

Kev sim ua luam dej

Firstly, ib tug yuam ua luam dej xeem wraws li tau ua raws li kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los [4] nrog kev hloov kho me ntsis. Luv luv, ib teev tom qab kev tswj hwm zaum kawg, 10 nas ntawm txhua pab pawg sim tau siv rau kev sim ua luam dej thiab thauj khoom los ntawm cov hlau lead ntawm 5 feem pua lub cev hnyav txuas nrog cov tails. Tom qab ntawd cov tsiaj sim tau muab tso rau hauv lub pas dej yas (50 cm × 35 cm × 30 cm) nrog dej tuav ntawm 25 ± 2 degree. Meanwhile, lub sij hawm endurance tau raug kaw tam sim ntawd thaum lawv tsis tuaj yeem sib koom tes thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los rau hauv dej hauv 10 s [4,7].

Kev ntsuas biochemical ntsuas

Tom qab kev tswj hwm zaum kawg, cov 10 cov nas ntawm txhua pawg raug yuam ua luam dej rau 90 feeb tsis tu ncua, tshwj tsis yog pawg NC. Tom qab ntawd cov nas tau muab txi rau hauv cov tshuaj loog nrog pentobarbital (60 mg / kg). Tom qab ntawd, cov ntshav tau sau los ntawm lub qhov muag nrog lub heparinized capillary raj tam sim ntawd. Lub siab thiab cov leeg sab nraub qaum tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov nas rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm HG thiab MG feem. Cov ntshav tau centrifuged ntawm 3500 rpm, 4 degree rau 10 min, thiab cov ntshav tau txais los ntsuas qhov concentrations ntawm SOD, GSH-Px, LA, thiab MDA nrog Elisa cov khoom siv, thiab qib ntawm SUN, LDH, CK, thiab Glu tau txiav txim siab. Los ntawm Hitachi 7180 hom biochemical analyzer.

Kev txheeb cais

Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias txhais tau tias ± SD. Kev ntsuas ntsuas rau qhov sib txawv tau ua los ntawm ib txoj kev tsom xam ntawm qhov sib txawv ua raws li LSD xeem thiab Duncan xeem siv SPSS cov txheeb cais 23.0 (IBMINc, New York, USA). Tus nqi ntawmp < 0.05="" were="" considered="" statistically="">

TSEEM CEEB

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm PC rau lub cev hnyav

Nas qhov hnyav, sau tseg txhua hnub thoob plaws qhov kev sim, muaj nyob rau hauv Table 1. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm txhua pawg (p >0.05).

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm PC rau qhov hnyav-kev ua luam dej muaj peev xwm

Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas ncaj qha seb PC puas tau nthuav tawmtiv thaiv qaug zog, lub sijhawm ua luam dej hnyav tau sau tseg (Daim duab 2). Raws li qhov xav tau, piv nrog MC pab pawg, lub sijhawm ua luam dej tas li tau ntev tom qab kho PC. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, PC-M, PC-H, thiab SP pawg tau ua rau lub sijhawm ntevLub sijhawm ua luam dej los ntawm 59.3, 80.5 thiab 97.1 feem pua (p < 0.01),="" respectively.="" the="" results="" showed="" that="" pc="" could="" increase="" the="" exhaustive="" swimming="" capacity="" of="">

Daim duab 1: Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm PC rau lub sijhawm ua luam dej hauv cov nas. Cov ntaub ntawv tau hais tias txhais tau tias ± SD (n=10). **p < 0.01="" compared="" to="" mc="">

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm PC rau kev siv hluav taws xob

Tom qab kev sim ua luam dej tsis muaj load rau 90 min, qib ntawm Glu tau ntsuas (Daim duab 3 A). Piv nrog rau cov nas uas tsis ua luam dej, theem ntawm Glu hauv MC pawg tau txo qis heev (p <0.01). nevertheless,="" glu="" level="" in="" pc-l,="" pc-m,="" pc-h,="" and="" sp="" groups="" was="" increased="" by="" 23.4,="" 68.4,73.6,="" and="" 76.8="" %,="" respectively="" compared="" to="" mcgroup.="" among="" the="" treatment="" groups,="" pc-m,="" pch,="" and="" sp="" exhibit="" significant="" changes="" (all="">p <0.01). as="" the="" major="" source="" of="" energy="" consumption,="" glycogen="" in="" muscle="" and="" liver="" were="" also="" determined.="" as="" figure="" 3="" b="" shows,="" the="" mg="" content="" of="" the="" mc="" group="" declined="" significantly="" when="" compared="" with="" the="" nc="" group="">p < 0.01).="" however,="" the="" mg="" content="" of="" pc-m,="" pc-h,="" and="" sp="" groups="" significantly="" increased="" by="" 56.3,="" 66.9,="" and="" 72.8="">p < 0.01)="" compared="" with="" the="" mc="" group.="" in="" addition,the="" hg="" content="" of="" mc="" group="" declined="" notably(figure="" 3c,="">p < 0.01),="" the="" hg="" content="" of="" three="" pc-treated="" groups="" and="" sp="" group="" significantly="" improved="" by="" 77.2,="" 93.2,="" 126.0,="" and="" 147.3="" %,respectively="">p <>

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm PC ntawm SUN, LA, LDH thiab CK cov dej num

SUN, LA, LDH, CK yog cov cim qhia txog kev tawm dag zog. Raws li pom hauv daim duab 4 A, tom qab kev tswj hwm PC rau 14 hnub, SUN kev ua hauv pawg MC tau siab dua li ntawm NC pawg (7.32 ± 0.80 piv rau 16.25 ± 2.91 mmol / L,p <0.01). after="" treatment,="" sun="" activity="" in="" pc="" or="" sp="" groups="" were="" remarkably="" decreased="" (13.89="" ±2.51,="" 10.87="" ±="" 1.59,="" 10.68="" ±="" 2.21="" and="" 10.48="" ±1.62="" mmol/l,="" respectively,="" versus="" 16.25="" ±="" 2.91mmol/l,="">p < 0.05="" or="">p < 0.01).="" as="" shown="" in="" figure="" 4="" b,="" the="" level="" of="" la="" in="" three="" doses="" of="" pc="" groups="" and="" sp="" group="" significantly="" decreased="" by28.1,="" 28.5,="" 30.7,="" and="" 32.1="" %,="" respectively,="" versus="" the="" mc="" c="" group="">p < 0.01).="" in="" figure="" 4="" c,="" the="" effects="" of="" pc="" and="" sp="" on="" ldh="" activities="" were="" presented.the="" activity="" of="" ldh="" was="" significantly="" inhibited="" in="" pc-m,="" pc-h="" and="" sp="" groups="" by="" 7.2="" %="">p < 0.05),12.6="" %="">p < 0.01)="" and="" 13.8="" %="">p < 0.01),compared="" with="" mc="">

_20220107152112

Table 1:Hloov hauv lub cev hnyav (txhais tau tias ± SD, n=10)

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txo qis hauv CK kev ua haujlwm tau pom hauv PC- thiab SP-kho pab pawg hauv kev sib piv nrog MC pawg (Daim duab 4 D). Tshwj xeeb, CK concentrations tau txo los ntawm 20.7, 36.1, 39.3, thiab 40.1 feem pua (p < 0.01),="" respectively,="" indicating="" that="" pc="" treatment="" leads="" to="" a="" reduction="" in="" ck="" activity="" in="" a="" dose-dependent="">

Cov teebmeem ntawm PC ntawm oxidative stress index

Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm PC ntawm kev qaug zog-induced oxidative stress index, SOD, GSH-Px, thiab MDA qib tau ntsuas (Daim duab 5 A). Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm MC thiab NC pawg ntawm SOD (p < 0.01),="" which="" were="" notably="" improved="" by="" pc-="" and="" sp-="" treatment="" than="" those="" in="" the="" mc="" group="">p < 0.05="" or="">p < 0.01).="" additionally,="" sod="" levels="" in="" pc-m,="" pc-h,="" and="" sp="" groups="" were="" significantly="" elevated="" by="" 15.0,="" 15.9,="" and="" 19.0="" %respectively.="" similarly,="" the="" concentration="" of="" gshpx="" in="" pc-m,="" pc-h,="" and="" sp="" groups="" displayed="" a="" significant="" increase="" of="" 53.7,="" 121.9,="" and="" 129.3="" %.(figure="" 5="" b,="">p < 0.05="" or="">p < 0.01)moreover,="" serum="" mda="" levels="" in="" pc-m,="" pc-h="" andsp="" groups="" descend="" significantly="" when="" compared="" to="" that="" of="" the="" mc="" group="" (20.2,="" 24.4,="" and="" 24.8="" %,="" respectively,="">p < 0.01)="" in="" figure="" 5="" c.="" morespecifically,="" pc-h="" group="" showed="" a="" similar="" reduction="" after="" sp="">

Kev sib tham

Niaj hnub no, qhov hnyav-loaded yuam kev ua luam dej yog dav siv los ntsuas qhov kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog thiab kev muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog rau kev tawm dag zog hauv nas [8]. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb xub tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm PC ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav thiab lub cev ntawm cov nas. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias PC tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau cov tsiaj thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lawv lub cev qhov hnyav tom qab 14- hnub sib law liag, uas tseem qhia tau tias cov koob tshuaj PC siv tau zoo rau cov nas. Peb kuj pom tias pawg PC txuas ntxiv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog PC-M thiab PC-H pawg, qhia tias muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev qaug zog ntawm PC ntawm nas. Ntau qhov kev ntsuas biochemical muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev qaug zog tau txiav txim siab ntxiv mus tshawb xyuas PC cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev qaug zog. Raws li tau tshaj tawm yav dhau los, kev tawm dag zog hnyav ua rau ATP poob sai thiab lub zog tsis txaus, uas yog qhov ua rau qaug zog [9]. Thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, Glu yog thawj oxidized los tsim ATP los muab lub zog xav tau ntawm cov leeg [10]. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev lub zog tseem tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm glycogenolysis, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm ntev lub zog cia uas muab lub zog txaus rau cov leeg nqaij thiab siv los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ceev rau cov piam thaj [11].

Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias kev rov qab kho HG thiab MG yog qhov zoo los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua kis las xws li ua luam dej [12]. Hauv kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, peb cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias kev kho PC-M thiab PC-H nce qib Glu nce ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, PC tau nce HG thiab MG nyob rau hauv ib koob tshuaj raws li kev ua luam dej. Ntxiv mus, cov teebmeem ntawm PC-H kev kho mob ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm HG thiab MG tau muab piv rau cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj zoo SP. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau qhia tias PC ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm siab ntev thiab ncua qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cev qaug zog. Nws yog qhov paub zoo tias thaum lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog txaus los ntawm aerobic metabolism, anaerobic glycolysis dhau los ua lwm qhov los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog. Yog li ntawd, LA, cov metabolites ntawm glycolysis, tau txiav txim siab tias yog ib qho ntawm cov biochemical tsis ua rau cov leeg qaug zog [13]. Raws li kev siv zog ua kom muaj zog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm SUN nce ntxiv, vim yog catabolism ntawm cov protein thiab amino acids, kom them nyiaj rau catabolism ntawm qab zib thiab rog thiab ua tau raws li lub zog noj ntawm lub cev [14]. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig tau txais hauv txoj kev tshawb no qhia, PC kev kho mob txo qis qhov sib txuam ntawm SUN thiab LA hauv cov nas. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias PC tau siv nws cov teebmeem los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov pa-inducing metabolic tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm ua luam dej tag nrho.

Ib txhij, raws li ib qho enzyme catalyzing oxidation-txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm pyruvate, LDH plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv anaerobic glycolysis. Nws yog ib qho rhiab qhov ntsuas ntsig txog kev qaug zog, thiab nws qib cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm endurance thaum lub sij hawm ua luam dej [7]. Raws li cytosolic enzyme abundantly khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm lub cev, CK yog ib tug soj ntsuam biomarker uas muaj feem xyuam rau qaug zog vim nws xav txog ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg thiab cell membrane qauv [15]. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qib CK thiab LDH hauv cov pab pawg kho PC tau raug txo qis thaum piv nrog MC pawg. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia tau hais tias PC tej zaum yuav siv nws cov cuab yeej los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog los ntawm kev pab kom tshem tawm cov lactic acid thiab txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg nqaij thiab cov cell membrane. Tsis tas li ntawd, oxidative kev nyuaj siab yog ze ze rau lub cev qaug zog [16]. Raws li kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia, kev tawm dag zog ua kom muaj ntau ROS [17]. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, antioxidant enzymes xws li SOD thiab GSH-Px muaj cov haujlwm ntawm kev tshem tawm ROS [7]. Ntxiv mus, SOD feem ntau catalyzes superoxide radicals los tsim H2O2 thiab O2. GSH-Px catalyzes decomposition ntawm H2O2 rau H2O thiab O2 [18]. Yog li, SOD thiab GSH-Px yog cov paub zoo tias qaug zog-tseem ceeb enzymes uas tiv thaiv oxidative puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, MDA, cov khoom kawg ntawm lipid peroxidation, yog qhov qhia txog kev puas tsuaj oxidative hauv kev sim ua kom qaug zog [13]. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, kev kho PC txhawb nqa SOD thiab GSH-PX bioactivities hauv plasma ntau dua li ntawm pawg MC, tshwj xeeb hauv pawg PC-H. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qib MDA poob qis heev tom qab kho PC. Yog li, cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau tias PC muaj txiaj ntsig zootiv thaiv kev qaug zogHauv cov nas los ntawm kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation thiab tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation tom qab kev tawm dag zog tas li.

XAIV

Cov kev tshawb pom ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau hais tias PC muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kev qaug zog thiab ua kom rov qab los ntawm kev qaug zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv PC-H, thiab sib piv nrog qhov zoo (saib) tswj, SP. Yog li, PC tej zaum yuav tsim nyog rau kev suav nrog hauv cov zaub mov ua haujlwm kom txo qis qaug zog.

Qhov no yog peb cov khoom rau kev qaug zog! Nyem rau daim duab kom paub ntau ntxiv!

REFERENCES

1. Freitas AC, Rodrigues D, Rocha-Santos TAP, Gomes AMP, Duarte AC. Marine biotechnology nce mus rau kev siv hauv cov khoom noj tshiab. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30: 1506-1515}.

2. Fuentes MMR, Fernandez GGA, Perez JAS, Guerrero JLG. Biomass nutrient profiles ntawm microalga Porphyridium cruentum. Khoom noj khoom haus Chem 2000; 70: 2:ua.

3. Sun L, Wang L, Zhou Y. Immunomodulation thiab antitumor kev ua ub no ntawm txawv-molecular-yuag polysaccharides los ntawm Porphyridium cruentum. Carbohydrate Polym 2012; 87:4 :ua.

4. Zhao XN, Wang XF, Liao JB, Guo HZ, Yu XD, Liang JL, Zhang X, Su ZR, Zhang XJ, Zeng HF. Antifatigue nyhuv ntawm Millettiae speciosae Champ (Leguminosae) Extract hauv nas. Trop J Pharm Res 2015; 14: 479-485}.

5. National, Research Council, Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Tsiaj, 7th and. National Academy Xovxwm, Washington DC, 1996.

6. Zhao XN, Liang JL, Chen HB, Liang YE, Guo HZ, Su ZR, Li YC, Zeng HF, Zhang XJ.Anti-Fatigue thiab antioxidant kev ua ntawm Polysaccharides cais los ntawm Millettiae speciose Champ. Leguminosae. Khoom noj khoom haus 2015; 7:{3}}.

7. Zhong L, Zhao L, Yang F, Yang W, Sun Y, Hu Q. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv kev qaug zog ntawm cov khoom extruded ntawm cereal nplej tov nrog Cordyceps militarist ntawm nas. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2017; 14: 1-10}.

8. Jiang X, Chu Q, Li L, Qin L, Hao J, Kou L, Lin F, Wang D. Kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog ntawm Tuber melanosporum hauv tus qauv nas. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15: 3066-3073}.

9. Belluardo N, Westerblad H, Mudo G, Casabona A, Bruton J, Caniglia G, Pastoris O, Grassi F, Ibanez CF. Neuromuscular junction disassembly thiab leeg nqaij qaug zog hauv nas tsis muaj neurotrophin-4. Mol Cell Neurosci 2001; 18: 56-67}.

10. Bergstrom J, Hermansen L, Hultman E, Saltin B. Noj, nqaij glycogen thiab lub cev ua haujlwm. Acta Physiol Scand 1967; 71: 2 :ua.

11. Wang MY, ib LG. Cov teebmeem ntawm Plantago loj L. noob extract ntawm endurance ce muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv nas. J Med Plants Res 2011; 5: 1659-1663.

12. Huang WC, Lin CI, Chiu CC, Lin YT, Huang WK, Huang HY, Huang CC. Nqaij qaib Essence txhim kho kev qoj ib ce thiab ua kom lub cev qaug zog. Khoom noj khoom haus 2014; 6: {2}}.

13. Chen Y, Miao Y, Huang L, Li J, Sun H, Zhao Y, Yang J, Zhou W. Antioxidant kev ua ub no ntawm saponins rho tawm los ntawm Radix Trichosanthis: kev ntsuam xyuas hauv vivo thiab hauv vitro. BMC Complement Altern Med 2014;

14.1-8.14. Li X, Zhang H, Xu H. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm shiitake polysaccharides thiab nws cov nyhuv los tiv thaiv qaug zog hauv kev co. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 45: 5 :ua.

15. Wang SY, Huang WC, Liu CC, Wang MF, Ho CS, Huang WP, Hou CC, Chuang HL, Huang CC. Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Extract txhim kho lub cev qaug zog thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nas. Molecules 2012; 17: 11864-11876} ib.

16. Coombes JS, Rowell B, Dodd SL, Demirel HA, Naito H, Shanely RA, Powers SK. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm vitamin E deficiency ntawm qaug zog thiab cov leeg nqaij contractile zog. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 87: 2 ib.

17. Powers SK, DeRuisseau KC, Quindry J, Hamilton KL. Kev noj zaub mov antioxidants thiab kev tawm dag zog. J Sports Sci 2004; 22: {2}}.

18.Koj L, Zhao M, Regenstein JM, Ren J. Hauv vitro antioxidant kev ua haujlwm thiab hauv vivo los tiv thaiv qaug zog ntawm loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) peptides npaj los ntawm papain digestion. Khoom noj khoom haus Chem 2011; 124: 188-194} ib.

Reeaserch Ntawm Cancer-Relation Fatigue, Part A

Kev Txhim Kho Ntawm Echinacoside Thiab Acteoside Ntau Lawm Los Ntawm Ob-theem Elicitation hauv Cell Suspension Culture Ntawm Cistanche Deserticola