Anti-Aging Effect Ntawm Cistanche Oligosaccharide Ntawm D-Galactose-Induced Subacute Aging hauv nas

Abstract:CistancheCov tshuaj oligosaccharide(COS), a naturalpolysaccharidenrog zooantioxidantthiab anti-inflammatory zog, yog cov khoom depolymerized ntawm cistanche muaj ntau yam lomkev ua si. Qhov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tau tsim los tshawb xyuas qhovmuaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm COSntawmcov laus qauv nas induced los ntawmD- galactose (D-gal) thiab tshawb nrhiav lub hauv paus mechanism.Hauv kev sim, 48 tus txiv neej Kunming nas (KM nas) tau muab faib ua qhov qub.pab pawg, pawg qauv, pawg zoo, thiab qis-nruab nrab-siab koob tshuaj polysaccharide pawg (300, 600,1200 mg / kg / hnub).

Nyem qhov no kom tau txais Anti-Aging Cistanche Extract

Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias COS, los ntawm intragastric gavage tom qab txhaj tshuaj subcutaneousntawmD-gal (250 mg / kg / hnub) rau hauv caj dab ntawm nas sib txuas rau yim lub lis piam, maj mam rov zooLub cev hnyav, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua neej nyob txhua hnub, thiab cov khoom nruab nrog cev ntawm cov nas, nrog rau kev ua kom zoolub histological deterioration ntawm lublub siab thiab lub raumnyob rau hauv nas triggered los ntawmD-gal. Kom meej meej,COS pom tseeb txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidanthauvlub siab thiab lub raum ntawm KM nas, suav nrog catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), thiabsuperoxide dismutase(SOD), aszoo litxo qis malondialdehyde(MDA) qib thaum piv nrog cov hauv cov qauv nas.Tsis tas li ntawd, COS tsis tsuas yog nce lubtxo qis theem ntawmntshav immunoglobulinG (IgG) thiab IgM induced los ntawmD-galtab sis kujtseem ceeb inhibited lubD-gal-ua rau upregulation ntawm serum alanineaminotransferase(ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), uric acid (UA)thiab creatinine (CREA) qib piv nrog cov nas hauv pawg qauv. Cov txiaj ntsig noqhia tias COS muaj ib qhopom tseeb anti-aging kev ua hauvD-gal-induced subacute cov laus nas, covmechanism ntawm uas, rau qee qhov, yog txuam nrogtxhim kho cov antioxidant tiv thaiv,txooxidative kev nyuaj siab, thiabtxhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mobntawm cov laus qauv nas.

Ntsiab lus:cistancheCov tshuaj oligosaccharide; D- galactose; kev laus subacute;anti-aging; anti-oxidant; tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm

1. Taw qhia

Kev laus, tseem hu ua senescence, yog ib qho nyuaj thiab irreversible degeneration uas tshwmtsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub physiological functions ntawm lub cev, xws li lub cev tsis muaj zog.teb, nco poob, thiab lwm yam. Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev laus muaj feem cuam tshuam nrognrogkab mob sib txawv, zoo lintshav siab, ntshav qab zib,atherosclerosis, Alzheimer tus kab mob, Tus kab mob Parkinson, thiabntau yam mob qog noj ntshav [1–3]. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, nrog cov qauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb nokev laus thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua neej nyob thoob plaws ntiaj teb, teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev lausthiab cov kab mob aging-associated tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas tswj lubkev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg laus thiab ncua sij hawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev laus thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov laus tau dhau los lawmib lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas, nrog rau kev tshawb fawb hotspot raucov kws tshawb fawb [2,3]. Nyob rau hauv lub theoretical hypotheses ntawm kev laus, cov dawb radical txoj kev xav ntawm kev laus, npaj piblos ntawm Denham Harman hauv xyoo 1950, tau muaj kev txhawj xeeb dav dav [4]. Nws yog qhov lees paub tias feem ntauKev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb ntawm kev laus yog oxidative puas tsuaj los ntawm overproduction ntawm reactive oxygenhom (ROS). Kev tsim ntawm ntau tshaj ROS ncaj qha ua rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab pro-inflammatorycov lus teb, uas tom qab ntawd ua rau redox disequilibrium, thaum kawg ua rau cov protein oxidation, lipidperoxidation, thiab mitochondria thiab DNA puas, uas muaj peev xwm precisely inhibit cell functions,thiab txawm ua rau apoptosis [5,6].

Lub caij no, ROS yuav tsum ua lub luag haujlwm ntxiv hauv kev laus los ntawmncaj qha lossis ncaj qha ua rau cov kab mob antioxidant endogenous, suav nrog superoxide dismutases(SOD), catalase (CAT), thiab glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) [7]. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau thiab ntau cov pov thawjtau ua pov thawj tias kev laus yog ib qho kev tshwm sim uas tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev poob ntawm lub cev.kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab kev tshawb fawb kuj tau pom tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev laus thiablub cev tsis muaj zog, uas ua rau txo qis hauv lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev los tiv thaiv cov kab mob sab nraud,yog li ua kom muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj feem rau kev laus [8–10]. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov noCov txheej txheem kev laus, cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidant thiab / lossis immunomodulatory zog yuav yogtiv thaiv los yog muaj peev xwm kho tau tus nqi hauv cov kab mob aging-associated.

Kecentlv. Muaj ntau yam ntuj tsim tau raug tshawb pom thiab tau txais kev txaus siab ntau npaum li cov neeg sib tw muaj peev xwm rau kev tsim kho tshiab los tiv thaiv kev laus (6,7,9]. Yog li ntawd, kev saib xyuas zoo tau raug them rau cov khoom ntuj vim lawv qhov kev nyab xeeb zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Kev ua ub no lom neeg, yog li, nrhiav cov khoom xyaw ntuj uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidant, immunomodulatory, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev tiv thaiv thiab / lossis kho qhov kev laus subacute no tau dhau los ua qhov chaw kub kub tshiab. cistanche oligosaccharide (COS), muaj xws li ot{{6} } B-14- txuas D-glucosamine units, yog cov khoom siv depolymerized ntawm cistanche (raws li pom hauv daim duab 1) [11). Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias COS yog biocompatible, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab nqus tau, nrog rau muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, thiab anti-hypoglycemic zog, uas tso cai rau nws muaj peev xwm. Hauv kev siv tshuaj (11-13Tsis tas li ntawd, tseem muaj pov thawj qhia tias COS tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm antioxidant, tswj kom muaj txiaj ntsig redox tshuav nyiaj li cas, thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev kho cov teeb meem cuam tshuam (14,151. Peb txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias cov ultraviolet irradiation-induced yees duab ntawm cov plaub hau tsis muaj nas ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev kho mob tshuaj pleev ib ce nrog COS (16 Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias COS tuaj yeem txo qis oxidative kev ntxhov siab vim kev puas hlwb hauv cov nas, tiv thaiv cov nas los ntawm LPS kev sib tw, tiv thaiv retinal I / R raug mob hauv nas thiab ua kom cov nqaij npua loj hlob zuj zus los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov dej num ntawm cov enzymes antioxidative thiab inhibiting kev ua haujlwm ntawm NF-KB (17-20. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau lees paub tias, nrog qhov hnyav molecular thiab qis viscosity, COS muaj qhov zoo heev. cuam ​​tshuam rau kev nqus ntawm tib neeg txoj hnyuv, thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha sai; lub sijhawm no, nws kuj tseem txhawb nqa kev tsim cov kab mob lom neeg hauv lub cev thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj pharmacological hauv lub cev (17181.

Daim duab 1.Cov qauv tshuajntawm COS.

Raws li cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm COS, nws tsim nyog ntseeg tias qhov oligosaccharide no tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm siv tau rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kev laus, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ntuj polysaccharide no nrog qis. molecular hnyav tiv thaiv D-galactose (D-gal)-vim subacute laus hauv vivo. Yog li, txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tsom los tshawb xyuas cov kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm COS los ntawm intragastric gavage hauv D-gal-induced subacute aging nas feem ntau los ntawm kev ntsuas cov oxidative kev ntxhov siab, nrog rau kev ntsuas cov macroscopic thiab histopathological cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nas thiab / lossis lawv. lub ntsiab hauv nruab nrog cev los muab lub hauv paus pioneering pharmacological rau kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm COS

2. Cov txiaj ntsig

2.1. Kev soj ntsuam txhua hnub

Thaum lub sij hawm yim-lub lim tiam ntawm peb qhov kev sim, cov tsos mob txhua hnub thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm cov nas tau pom thiab sau tseg txhua lub lim tiam, uas pom tau tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv pathological xws li ntuav thiab tiv thaiv kev pub mis, tshwm sim hauv txhua pab pawg. Cov nas nyob rau hauv ib txwm pab pawg neeg tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub siab zoo, tab sis kuj cus ciav, active, thiab agile, raws li zoo raws li muaj noj qab nyob zoo noj. Raws li tau nthuav tawm hauv daim duab 2, tshwj tsis yog cov pab pawg ib txwm muaj, cov nas hauv lwm pab pawg tau pom qhov poob ntawm thawj theem tom qab txhaj tshuaj D-gal, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam rov qab los. Tom qab lub lim tiam thib tsib ntawm D-gal txhaj tshuaj, nas nyob rau hauv cov qauv pab pawg pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm kev laus, nrog rau qeeb qeeb, maj mam txo cov zaub mov noj, ib tug lag nyob rau hauv teb, listlessness, as Well as withered thiab lackluster fur, qhia tias cov laus qauv. Ua los ntawm subcutaneous D-gal txhaj tshuaj tau ua tiav tiav. Piv nrog rau cov qauv pab pawg, cov yam ntxwv saum toj no ntawm cov nas nyob hauv cov vitamin E (VE) thiab cov tshuaj siv tshuaj tau rov qab mus rau qhov sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv pab pawg kho mob COS-H, cov yam ntxwv laus ntawm cov nas no nyob rau sab saum toj no tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo piv rau cov qauv nas. Txawm hais tias muaj me ntsis tsis muaj plua plav thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qeeb rau cov nas nyob rau hauv qis- thiab nruab nrab-doseCOS pawg, qhov tshwm sim ntawm senescence tau pom tseeb nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau cov qauv hauv pawg.

2.2. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm COS ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Haujlwm

Txij li thaum tus po thiab thymus yog cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb, lawv cov indices ntawm lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob lossis kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob (101. Raws li qhia hauv Table 1 tom qab kev kho mob ntawm D-gal 8 lub lis piam, tus po thiab thymus. Indices ntawm cov qauv pab pawg nas tau pom muaj qis dua li cov hauv ib pawg, qhia tias nas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm D-gal rau 56 hnub sib law liag. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txo qis ntawm tus po thiab thymus indices ntawm nas induced los ntawm D- Kev kho mob gal tau maj mam nce mus rau qee qhov kev tswj hwm tom qab COS kev tswj hwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb cov txiaj ntsig (raws li tau qhia hauv Table 1) kuj tau qhia tias cov qib ntshav ntawm immunoglobulin G (gG) thiab lgM pom tau qis dua hauv cov qauv nas thaum piv rau

2.3. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm COS ntawm Lub Siab thiab Raum Ua Haujlwm

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm COS ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm hauvD-gal-kho nas tau soj ntsuam los ntawm kev ntsuas cov ntshavtheem ntawm alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), thiab alkaline phosphatase(ALP). Raws li pom hauv Table2, tom qab kho nrogD-gal rau yim lub lis piam, nas nyob rau hauv cov qauv pab pawg neeg nthuav tawmcim nce hauv cov ntshav ntawm ALT, AST, thiab ALP thaum piv nrog cov nas ib txwm muaj(tag nrhop < 0.05). However, these D-gal- ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm ALT, AST, thiab ALP hauv cov nascov ntshav qab zib tau maj mam txo qis rau qee yam hauv VE thiab COS-kho pab pawg thaum piv raucov qauv pab pawg nas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau pawg COS-H, thiab cov qib no tau qis dua li covhauv pawg qauv (tag nrhop < 0.05). Lub caij no, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm COS ntawm lub raum ua haujlwm hauvD-gal-injected nas raug soj ntsuam los ntawmntsuas cov qib ntawm creatinine (CREA) thiab uric acid (UA) hauv lawv cov ntshav, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau yogkuj tau nthuav tawm hauv Table2, uas qhia tau hais tias cov qib ntshav ntawm CREA thiab UA rau pawg qauvnas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li cov nas ib txwm muaj (tag nrhop < 0.05). Nevertheless, for the VE and COS-tswj cov pab pawg, cov kev tsis zoo no nce ntawm cov ntshav CREA thiab UA qib tau maj mamrov qab mus rau qhov qis dua li ntawm pawg qauv (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv pawg COS-H).

2.4. Effect of COS onD-Gal-Induced Histochemical Kev puas tsuaj ntawm daim siab thiab raum

Raws li pom hauv daim duab3, lub cev histological qauv ntawm daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg yog kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv qhov qubpawg nas, suav nrog ubiquitous polygonal hepatocytes, radially-ranged hepatic qaum nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus.cov hlab ntsha, thiab me ntsis binucleation ntawm hepatocytes. Tom qab yim lub lis piam tas mus liD-gal txhaj tshuaj, cevcov ntaub so ntswg nthuav tawm ntau ntxiv ntawm binucleations ntawm hepatocytes, messily-pob txha caj qaum,Kev nthuav dav hepatocellular ballooning, thiab ntau tus kab mob inflammatory cell infiltrations. Txawm li cas los xij,rau COS-H-kho pab pawg, ua tib zoo npaj kab mob siab, tsawg inflammatory infiltrations thiabbinucleation ntawm hepatocytes tau pom nyob rau hauv nas daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg, thaum lub ballooning hepatocytes tau pom.txo qis nyob rau hauv koob tshuaj, qhia tias COS tuaj yeem txhim khoD-gal-induced lub siab raug mobrau qee qhov

Daim duab 3. Histopathological tsos ntawm daim siab (hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining 400x). Binucleation ntawm hepatocyte (dub xub xub), kab mob siab txheej txheem messily (daj xub), thiab ballooning hepatocyte (xub xub liab).

Tsis tas li ntawd, histopathological tsom xam ntawm lub raum cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm D-gal-kho nas tau qhia tias lub glomerulus pom pom tseeb atrophy, los yog txawm ploj mus, thaum lub zais pa-widened kab noj hniav thiab poob ntawm epithelial hlwb nyob rau hauv lub raum proximal convoluted tubules, raws li zoo raws li lub raum edema. tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum piv rau pawg ib txwm muaj (raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4). Qhov tseem ceeb, COS thiab VEtreatment tau txo qis cov kev hloov pauv tsis zoo ntawm lub raum cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm D-gal, ua rau pom kev tiv thaiv lub raum thaum lub raum edema thiab lub zais pa dav dav tau tswj hwm ntau rau pawg COS-H. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau pom tias COS tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no-gal-induced pathological puas tsuaj hauv daim siab thiab raum cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm Kunming nas (KM nas)

Daim duab 4. Histopathological tsos ntawm lub raum (HE staining 400 x). Atrophy (daj xub), ib tug poob ntawm epithelial hlwb nyob rau hauv lub raum proximal convoluted tubules (dub xub), thiab balloon widened kab noj hniav (xub xub liab).

2.5. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm COS ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Oxidation Indices ntawm Daim siab thiab raum

Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau pom tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidative tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub siab thiab lub raum los ntawm D-gal-induced subacute aging los ntawm scavenging ROS. Li no, cov dej num ntawm SOD, CAT, thiab GSH-Pxas thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm malondialdehyde (MDA), tau tshawb xyuas hauv peb txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no (5-7) Raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim duab 5, tom qab txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous ntawm D-gal rau yim lub lis piam, kev ua ub no ntawm peb qhov tseem ceeb antioxidative enzymes tau txo qis hauv kev sib piv nrog cov hauv siab thiab lub raum cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas ib txwm, thaum qhov sib txawv yog qhov tseeb rau qib MDA (tag nrho p < 0 {{11} }}5). Txawm li cas los xij thaum cov nas tau tswj hwm nrog COS, qhov txo qis ntawm cov enzymes no ua rau bD-gal maj mam nce mus rau qhov ntau dua li cov qauv ntawm pawg nas, thiab MDA qib tau txo qis los ntawm COS nyob rau hauv kev noj tshuaj ( tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv pawg COS-H, p <0.05 vs qauv pawg). Cov txiaj ntsig no tau qhia tias kev kho COS tuaj yeem txhim kho SOD, CAT, thiab GSH-Px kev ua ub no thiab txo MDA qib hauv daim siab thiab lub raum ntawm D-gal-kho nas.

Daim duab 5. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm COS ntawm cov dej num ntawm SOD, GSH-Px, thiab CAT, nrog rau MDA qib ntawm nas lub siab (A) thiab raum (B) tshwm sim los ntawm D-gal. Cov ntaub ntawv sawv cev txhais tau tias 土 SD (n=8). # p < 0 05 piv nrog cov pab pawg ib txwm muaj;* p < 0.05 piv nrog rau pawg qauv. Li qub: pawg tswj ib txwm; ModelD-gal-kho pab pawg; VE: D-gal plus VE pab pawg kho mob; COS-L: D-gal plus COS (300 mg/kg/day treatment group; COS-M: D-gal plus COS (600 mg/kg) treatment group; COS-H: D-gal plus COS 1200 mg/kg) pab pawg kho mob.